Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for dry fermentation and equipment for carrying out the same. The invention equipment comprises a fermentation tank for dry fermentation which includes a tank body 5 for accommodating materials, a flexible sealing membrane 7 for covering said tank body 5, and a tight fixing means 3 for hermetically covering the tank body 5 with the flexible sealing membrane 7. This invention is characterized in that said tank body 5 is provided with a top opening 2 at its top part and at least one side opening 4 for loading and unloading materials at its side portions.

Abstract: This invention provides a method with an apparatus used during the steps of the method to dismantle capsules, the method comprising steps as firstly putting the capsules into a pressure vessel, secondly filling the pressure vessel with compressed air, to make the high-pressure air get into the capsules through the gap between the capsule body and the capsule cap, then quickly lowering the air pressure inside the pressure vessel, to generate a pressure difference between inside and outside of each capsule, making the compressed air inside each capsule expand, and at last the expansion force make the capsule body and the capsule cap be separated. Compared with the convention method of manually dismantling capsules, this method has many advantages such as more quickly dismantling, more efficiently separation of druggery and so on.

Abstract: A scalable two-pass scalable probabilistic latent semantic analysis (PLSA) methodology is disclosed that may perform more efficiently, and in some cases more accurately, than traditional PLSA, especially where large and/or sparse data sets are provided for analysis. The improved methodology can greatly reduce the storage and/or computational costs of training a PLSA model. In the first pass of the two-pass methodology, objects are clustered into groups, and PLSA is performed on the groups instead of the original individual objects. In the second pass, the conditional probability of a latent class, given an object, is obtained. This may be done by extending the training results of the first pass. During the second pass, the most likely latent classes for each object are identified.

Abstract: Devices, methods, and kits for amplifying the signal from hybridization reactions between nucleic acid probes and their cognate targets are presented. The devices provide partially-duplexed, immobilized probe complexes, spatially separate from and separately addressable from immobilized docking strands. Cognate target acts catalytically to transfer probe from the site of probe complex immobilization to the site of immobilized docking strand, generating a detectable signal. The methods and kits of the present invention may be used to identify the presence of cognate target in a fluid sample.

Abstract: Nanowire devices may be provided that are based on carbon nanotubes or single-crystal semiconductor nanowires. The nanowire devices may be formed on a substrate. Catalyst sites may be formed on the substrate. The catalyst sites may be formed using lithography, thin metal layers that form individual catalyst sites when heated, collapsible porous catalyst-filled microscopic spheres, microscopic spheres that serve as masks for catalyst deposition, electrochemical deposition techniques, and catalyst inks. Nanowires may be grown from the catalyst sites.

Abstract: The present invention provides targeted dendrimeric reporter molecules that provide amplified signals at electrochemical sensors, and methods of synthesis and methods of use thereof. The reporter molecules comprise a targeting moiety and at least one dendritic signal amplifier; the dendritic amplifier comprises a plurality of dendritic branches and a plurality of indicator moieties, typically pendant therefrom. The targeting moiety serves to concentrate the dendritic amplifier at a selected target, where the plural indicator provide increased signals.

Abstract: Nanowire devices are provided based on carbon nanotubes or single-crystal semiconductor nanowires. The nanowire devices may be formed on a silicon substrate or other suitable substrate. Electrodes may be patterned on the substrate. Catalyst sites may be formed on the electrodes prior to nanowire growth. Chemical vapor deposition techniques may be used to grow the nanowires at the catalyst sites. A material such as an insulator may be formed on the nanowires following nanowire growth. The insulator may be planarized using chemical-mechanical polishing or other suitable techniques. The resulting nanowire device may be used in chemical or biological sensors, as a field emitter for displays, or for other applications.

Abstract: A discardable toilet pad for use in water closets, comprising an upper sheet and a lower sheet. In use, the toilet pad is stuck onto a toilet seat by way of some adhesive substance coated on its lower side, and the lower sheet extends naturally downwards forming a curved strip into the bowl of a toilet. The toilet pad of the present invention is meant for avoiding splashing by excrement falling into the bowl, and preventing contagion caused through direct touch of the skin with a toilet seat, as well as avoiding cold stimulus to the body in cold weather. The toilet pad according to the present invention is easy to manufacture, low cost, and is convenient to carry.