Abstract: A uniform-distribution filling mechanism for medicinal powder includes a metering disk, a powder storage ring, and a lateral powder blocker. One end of the blocker is provided with a pointed tip, and the other end thereof is provided with a sloping stage. The middle portion of the metering disk is provided with a support shaft, said shaft and the blocker being connected one to the other by means of a support arm. Medicinal powder enters via the pointed tip of the blocker, is evenly agitated, exits via the sloping stage of the blocker, and is evenly dispensed. Thus, the powder is able to enter one side of the blocker and come out the other side thereof such that the powder is evenly dispensed and then uniformly distributed onto the metering disk.

Abstract: A speaker model may implement a direct voltage-to-excursion model in an adaptive filter for modeling the speaker without developing a first electrical-only model and then converting the model to a mechanical model. The voltage-to-excursion model may allow for modeling of different kinds of speakers, such as sealed, ported, or vented speakers. A transfer function may be developed in the adaptive filter for the voltage-to-excursion model, and that transfer function re-used for prediction of excursion values based on an audio signal. Speaker protection may be performed to take steps to prevent speaker damage when a predicted excursion value exceeds safe limits. The voltage-to-excursion model may operate in displacement or displacement-related domains (e.g., velocity and back emf).

Abstract: In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, a controller configured to be coupled to an audio transducer, may be further configured to receive an audio input signal, calculate a displacement compensation signal in a displacement domain of the audio transducer based on the audio input signal, convert the displacement compensation signal from the displacement domain into a voltage compensation signal in a voltage domain, and apply the voltage compensation signal to the audio input signal, or a derivative thereof, to minimize overexcursion of the audio transducer.

Abstract: In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, a system may include a controller configured to be coupled to an audio speaker, wherein the controller receives an output signal indicative of a physical quantity associated with the audio speaker, compares the output signal to an audio input signal to determine if differences between the output signal and the audio input signal are present indicating at least one of distortion of the output signal, non-linearities of the audio speaker, and overexcursion of the audio speaker, and controls an audio signal communicated from the controller to the audio speaker and based on the audio input signal responsive to determining that differences between the output signal and the audio input signal are present indicating at least one of distortion of the output signal, non-linearities of the audio speaker, and overexcursion of the audio speaker.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing deposition products from internal surfaces of a processing chamber, and for preventing or slowing growth of such deposition products. A halogen containing gas is provided to the chamber to etch away deposition products. A halogen scavenging gas is provided to the chamber to remove any residual halogen. The halogen scavenging gas is generally activated by exposure to electromagnetic energy, either inside the processing chamber by thermal energy, or in a remote chamber by electric field, UV, or microwave. A deposition precursor may be added to the halogen scavenging gas to form a deposition resistant film on the internal surfaces of the chamber. Additionally, or alternately, a deposition resistant film may be formed by sputtering a deposition resistant metal onto internal components of the processing chamber in a PVD process.

Abstract: This application describes methods and apparatus for loudspeaker protection. A loudspeaker protection system (1100) is described having a first frequency band-splitter (102) for splitting an input audio signal (Vin) into a plurality of audio signals (v1, v2 . . . ,vn) in different respective frequency bands (?1, ?2 . . . ??). A first gain block (103) is configured to apply a respective frequency band gain (gt1, gt2 . . . ,gt3) to each of the audio signals in the different respective frequency bands and a gain controller (109; 1101) is provided for controlling the respective band gains. A thermal controller (1101) determines, for each of a plurality of the different respective frequency bands, a power dissipation for the loudspeaker in that frequency band and also determines a respective thermal gain setting based on the determined power dissipation for that frequency band. The gain controller is configured to control the respective frequency band gains based on the thermal gain settings.

Abstract: This application describes methods and apparatus for loudspeaker protection. A loudspeaker protection system (100) is described having a first frequency band-splitter (102) for splitting an input audio signal (Vin) into a plurality of audio signals (v1, v2 . . . , vn) in different respective frequency bands (?1, ?2 . . . , ?n). A first gain block (103) is configured to apply a respective frequency band gain (g1, g2 . . . , g3) to each of the audio signals in the different respective frequency bands and a gain controller (107, 108, 109) is provided for controlling the respective band gains. A displacement modeller (104, 105) determines a plurality of displacement signals (x1, x2 . . . , xn) based on the input audio signal (Vin) and a displacement model (104a) where each displacement signal corresponds to a modelled cone displacement for the loudspeaker for one of said different respective frequency bands.

Abstract: Commands for modifying audio playback, such as to mute and unmute or pause and play audio, may be input to a mobile device by a user through interacting with the speaker in the device. The user input may be facilitated by monitoring a characteristic of the speaker and identifying signatures in the changing characteristics of the speaker that correspond with predetermined user activities. For example, a resonance frequency of the speaker may be monitored for a change resulting from a user placing a hand to cover the speaker output. When the resonance frequency change is detected, the audio playback may be muted. The speaker may continue to be monitored for a change indicating removal of the user's hand, and then audio playback may be unmuted.

Abstract: In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, a system may include a controller configured to be coupled to an audio speaker, wherein the controller receives an output signal indicative of a physical quantity associated with the audio speaker, compares the output signal to an audio input signal to determine if differences between the output signal and the audio input signal are present indicating at least one of distortion of the output signal, non-linearities of the audio speaker, and overexcursion of the audio speaker, and controls an audio signal communicated from the controller to the audio speaker and based on the audio input signal responsive to determining that differences between the output signal and the audio input signal are present indicating at least one of distortion of the output signal, non-linearities of the audio speaker, and overexcursion of the audio speaker.

Abstract: An optical object positioning apparatus including an optical element, a light sensor and a processing unit and a positioning method thereof are provided. The optical element includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other and perpendicular to a first axis, and has at least two light-passing regions. Light beams from an object to be positioned pass through the light-passing regions from the first surface to the second surface. The light sensor and the optical element are spaced by a predetermined distance on a direction of the first axis. The light sensor senses the light beams from the light-passing regions to generate at least two light-sensing signals. A distance between the object and the optical element is positively correlated to the predetermined distance. The processing unit receives the light-sensing signals and positions the object according to the light-sensing signals and the predetermined distance.

Abstract: In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, a controller configured to be coupled to an audio transducer, may be further configured to receive an audio input signal, calculate a displacement compensation signal in a displacement domain of the audio transducer based on the audio input signal, convert the displacement compensation signal from the displacement domain into a voltage compensation signal in a voltage domain, and apply the voltage compensation signal to the audio input signal, or a derivative thereof, to minimize overexcursion of the audio transducer.

Abstract: Methods for stress control in thin silicon (Si) wafer-based semiconductor materials. By a specific interrelation of process parameters (e.g., temperature, reactant supply, time), a highly uniform nucleation layer is formed on the Si substrate that mitigates and/or better controls the stress (tensile and compressive) in subsequent layers formed on the thin Si substrate.

Abstract: In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, a method may include using an adaptive filter system to estimate a response of an electrical characteristic of a loudspeaker based on an error between a first electrical parameter of the loudspeaker and a second electrical parameter of the loudspeaker and adding a non-zero delay to the first electrical parameter relative to the second electrical parameter prior to calculation of the error such that the adaptive filter system captures a truncated non-causality of the electrical characteristic.

Abstract: Methods for stress control in thin silicon (Si) wafer-based semiconductor materials. By a specific interrelation of process parameters (e.g., temperature, reactant supply, time), a highly uniform nucleation layer is formed on the Si substrate that mitigates and/or better controls the stress (tensile and compressive) in subsequent layers formed on the thin Si substrate.

Abstract: A method for interference coordination, a network server, and a communication system are provided. The method includes the following steps. A first macrocell almost blank subframe (ABS) pattern is received from a first macrocell. A second macrocell ABS pattern is received from a second macrocell. A first small cell ABS pattern for a first small cell is determined according to the first macrocell ABS pattern and the second macrocell ABS pattern. The first small cell ABS pattern is transmitted to the first small cell. The first small cell is within a coverage of the first macrocell.

Abstract: The present invention provides a medical electrode, which comprises an annular adhesive pad (203) to be attached to a living being, a conductive pad (205) disposed in the central hole (207) of the annular adhesive pad, a first conductive snap element (209), a conductive element (211) and a sealing film (213). The conductive element (211) is configured to establish electrical communication between the conductive pad (205) and the first conductive snap element (209) and the sealing film (213) is attached to the annular adhesive pad (203) and to fix at least a portion of the conductive element (211) between the annular adhesive pad (203) and the sealing film (213). The flexibility and/or length of the conductive element is chosen to be large enough so as to allow the first conductive snap element (209) to move without causing the conductive pad (205) to move, resulting in reliable electrical contact between the conductive pad and the skin of the living being.

Abstract: A speaker impedance may be determined by monitoring a voltage and/or current of the speaker. The calculated impedance may be used to determine whether the mobile device containing the speaker is on- or off-ear. The impedance determination may be assisted by applying a test tone low level signal to the speaker. The test tone may be inaudible to the user, but used to determine an impedance of the speaker at the frequency of the test tone. The impedance at that test tone may be used to determine whether a resonance frequency of the speaker is at a frequency corresponding to an on- or off-ear condition. The measured speaker impedance may be provided as feedback to an adaptive noise cancellation (ANC) algorithm to adjust the output at the speaker. For example, when the mobile device is removed from the user's ear, the ANC algorithm may be disabled.

Abstract: A speaker impedance may be determined by monitoring a voltage and/or current of the speaker. The calculated impedance may be used to determine whether the mobile device containing the speaker is on- or off-ear. The impedance determination may be assisted by applying a test tone low level signal to the speaker. The test tone may be inaudible to the user, but used to determine an impedance of the speaker at the frequency of the test tone. The impedance at that test tone may be used to determine whether a resonance frequency of the speaker is at a frequency corresponding to an on- or off-ear condition. The measured speaker impedance may be provided as feedback to an adaptive noise cancellation (ANC) algorithm to adjust the output at the speaker. For example, when the mobile device is removed from the user's ear, the ANC algorithm may be disabled.

Abstract: Stress control using superlattice structures for epitaxy on base wafer substrates, including AlN/GaN superlattices for epitaxy of GaN on silicon {111} substrates. Crack-free GaN cap layers can be grown over superlattice structures containing AlN/GaN superlattice layers. Compressive and tensile stress can be precisely adjusted by changing the thickness of the superlattice layers and the number of superlattice layers. For a constant period thickness, growth conditions, such as growth rate of GaN, V/III ratio during AlN growth, and growth temperature, can be adjusted.

Abstract: A speaker impedance may be determined by monitoring a voltage and/or current of the speaker. The calculated impedance may be used to determine whether the mobile device containing the speaker is on- or off-ear. The impedance determination may be assisted by applying a test tone low level signal to the speaker. The test tone may be inaudible to the user, but used to determine an impedance of the speaker at the frequency of the test tone. The impedance at that test tone may be used to determine whether a resonance frequency of the speaker is at a frequency corresponding to an on- or off-ear condition. The measured speaker impedance may be provided as feedback to an adaptive noise cancellation (ANC) algorithm to adjust the output at the speaker. For example, when the mobile device is removed from the user's ear, the ANC algorithm may be disabled.