Abstract: The disclosure provides a new use of adenosine analogs for the treatment of pain through activation of neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor signaling pathway, thereby inducing the activation of M-type potassium channel to induce outward currents. A method and pharmaceutical composition for treating pain comprising an adenonsine analog that activates NK1 receptor signaling, thereby inducing outward current are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel compounds of formula (I), and uses thereof. The compounds of Formula (I) are inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDACs) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase (HMGR). Also provided are methods of using the compounds of Formula (I) for inhibiting the activity of HDACs and HMGR, treating diseases associated with HDACs or HMGR (e.g.

Abstract: Novel dual-targeted, bifunctional anti-influenza drugs formed by conjugation with anti-inflammatory agents are disclosed. Exemplary drugs according to the invention include caffeic acid (CA)-bearing zanamivir (ZA) conjugates ZA-7-CA (1), ZA-7-CA-amide (7) and ZA-7-Nap (43) for simultaneous inhibition of influenza virus neuraminidase and suppression of proinflammatory cytokines. Synthetic methods for preparation of these enhanced anti-influenza conjugate drugs are provided. The synthetic bifunctional ZA conjugates act synergistically towards protection of mice lethally infected by H1N1 or H5N1 influenza viruses. The efficacy of ZA-7-CA, ZA-7-CA-amide and ZA-7-Nap conjugates is much greater than the combination therapy of ZA with anti-inflammatory agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel TMPK inhibitor compositions and their methods of use. In particular, it relates to novel TMPK inhibitor compositions and therapeutics that lead to dUTP-mediated DNA repair in tumor cells and acts as a novel chemosensitizer, which are useful in methods for treating or preventing cancers.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for detection of drug resistant pathogens and treatment against infections thereof are provided. Methods for detection of oseltamivir-resistant influenza viruses by competitive binding assays utilizing non-oseltamivir influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitors and oseltamivir carboxylate are provided. Influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitors coupled to sensors and useful for employment in the methods of the invention are disclosed. Novel phosphonate compounds active as neuraminidase inhibitors against wild-type and oseltamivir-resistant influenza strains of H1N1, H5N1 and H3N2 viruses are disclosed. An enantioselective synthetic route to preparation of these phosphonate compounds via sialic acid is provided.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are disclosed relating to use of fractions, polysaccharides, and oligosaccharides of Dendrobium huoshanense. The fractions, polysaccharides, and oligosaccharides are able to effect an increase in beneficial cytokines and chemokines.

Abstract: The present invention provides therapeutic agents for preventing and treating neurodegenerative diseases. These agents synergistically target both the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) and the equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1).

Abstract: This document describes compounds, extracts, and pharmaceutical compositions relating to Gastrodia spp., and methods for the treatment subjects having metabolic disorders or medical conditions such as Huntington's disease, a trinucleotide repeat disease or abnormal blood glucose levels.

Abstract: The crude extract of Plectranthus Amboinicus (PA) has anti-inflammatory effects and can inhibit AP-1 binding in vitro. The incubation with PA crude extract resulted in significant inhibition of the LPS-induced expression of IL-6, IL-12, MCP-1, and RANTES in HUVEC cells. After the crude extract was further fractionated using preparative HPLC, fraction 8, 9, 10 and 11 were identified to inhibit the AP-1 binding activity. The active component of fraction 8 is Mena 987; fraction 9 is Mena 998; fraction 10 is Mena 9102; and fraction 11 is rosmarinic acid and the synthetic rosmarinic acid analogues. Other compounds showed inhibitory activities as well. These compounds have inhibitory effects on AP-1 activity and are useful as preventive or therapeutic agent for diseases in which excessive expression or activities of AP-1 are involved.

Abstract: Novel phosphonate compounds are described. The compounds have activity as neuraminidase inhibitors against wild-type and H274Y mutant of H1N1 and H5N1 viruses. The present disclosure also provides an enantioselective synthetic route to known neuraminidase inhibitors oseltamivir and the anti-flu drug Tamiflu®, as well as novel phosphonate compounds, via D-xylose. Another efficient and flexible synthesis of Tamiflu and the highly potent neuraminidase inhibitor Tamiphosphor was also achieved in 11 steps and >20% overall yields from the readily available fermentation product (1S-cis)-3-bromo-3,5 -cyclohexadiene-1,2-diol. Most of the reaction intermediates were obtained as crystals without tedious purification procedures. The key transformations include an initial regio- and stereoselective bromoamidation of a bromoarene cis-dihydrodiol, as well as the final palladium-catalyzed carbonylation and phosphonylation.

Abstract: Novel phosphonate compounds are described. The compounds have activity as neuraminidase inhibitors against wild-type and H274Y mutant of H1N1 and H5N1 viruses. The present disclosure also provides an enantioselective synthetic route to known neuraminidase inhibitors oseltamivir and the anti-flu drug Tamiflu®, as well as novel phosphonate compounds, via D-xylose. Another efficient and flexible synthesis of Tamiflu and the highly potent neuraminidase inhibitor Tamiphosphor was also achieved in 11 steps and >20% overall yields from the readily available fermentation product (1S-cis)-3-bromo-3,5-cyclohexadiene-1,2-diol. Most of the reaction intermediates were obtained as crystals without tedious purification procedures. The key transformations include an initial regio- and stereoselective bromoamidation of a bromoarene cis-dihydrodiol, as well as the final palladium-catalyzed carbonylation and phosphonylation.

Abstract: An optical waveguide SPR sensor is adapted for differential measurement. The optical waveguide SPR sensor includes a base, a bottom layer, and at least one set of optical waveguide layers. The set of the optical waveguide layers includes a measuring optical waveguide channel and a reference optical waveguide channel. The measuring optical waveguide channel includes an SPR sensing film layer. The measuring optical waveguide channel and the reference optical waveguide channel are independently configured and substantially parallel one to another. The bottom layer has a refractive index higher than a refractive index of the optical waveguide layer.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are disclosed relating to use of fractions, polysaccharides, and oligosaccharides of Dendrobium huoshanense. The fractions, polysaccharides, and oligosaccharides are able to effect an increase in beneficial cytokines and chemokines.

Abstract: An optical waveguide SPR sensor is adapted for differential measurement. The optical waveguide SPR sensor includes a base, a bottom layer, and at least one set of optical waveguide layers. The set of the optical waveguide layers includes a measuring optical waveguide channel and a reference optical waveguide channel. The measuring optical waveguide channel includes an SPR sensing film layer. The measuring optical waveguide channel and the reference optical waveguide channel are independently configured and substantially parallel one to another. The bottom layer has a refractive index higher than a refractive index of the optical waveguide layer.

Abstract: The crude extract of Plectranthus Amboinicus (PA) has anti-inflammatory effects and can inhibit AP-1 binding in vitro. The incubation with PA crude extract resulted in significant inhibition of the LPS-induced expression of IL-6, IL-12, MCP-1, and RANTES in HUVEC cells. After the crude extract was further fractionated using preparative HPLC, fraction 8, 9, 10 and 11 were identified to inhibit the AP-1 binding activity. The active component of fraction 8 is Mena 987; fraction 9 is Mena 998; fraction 10 is Mena 9102; and fraction 11 is rosmarinic acid and the synthestic rosmarinic acid analogues. Other compounds showed inhibitory activities as well. These compounds have inhibitory effects on AP-1 activity and are useful as preventive or therapeutic agent for diseases in which excessive expression or activities of AP-1 are involved.

Abstract: This document describes compounds, extracts, and pharmaceutical compositions relating to Gastrodia spp., and methods for the treatment subjects having metabolic disorders or medical conditions such as Huntington's disease, a trinucleotide repeat disease or abnormal blood glucose levels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 8-hydroxyjulolidine, its analogous compounds and their preparation methods. The invented method comprises one single step of cyclization reactions of 3-aminophenol or 1,3-dihydroxyaniline with 1,3-dihalopropane or its analogs, to prepare the desired julolidines with improved yields.

Abstract: An 8-hydroxyjulolidine compound, having the formula: (wherein R1 and R2 represent independently H, halogen, hydroxyl or alkyl) is prepared by the following chemical reaction: wherein X and Y represent independently halogen, acyloxyl, sulfonyloxyl or phosphoryloxyl and R1 and R2 are as defined above.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing ferrocenyl-1,3-butadiene, in which a ferrocenecarbonyl is reacted with an allyl halide in a polar aprotic solvent lacking a carbonyl group and containing a samarium diiodide in a temperature range.