Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a printed circuit board including, a first insulating layer, a first metal layer disposed on the first insulating layer, a bridge disposed on the first metal layer and including a bridge insulating layer and a bridge circuit layer, a second insulating layer disposed on the first insulating layer and covering at least a portion of the bridge, a second metal layer disposed on the second insulating layer, and a connecting via penetrating the bridge and the second insulating layer to connect the first metal layer to the second insulating layer. The connecting via is spaced apart from the bridge circuit layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a pedal simulator of a vehicle, and the pedal simulator of the vehicle includes a housing unit, a piston unit slidably mounted on the housing unit, a rotation unit rotatably coupled to the housing unit, and a first damper unit disposed in a plurality of rotation units and compressed by a pressure of the piston unit inside the housing unit.

Abstract: A display device includes: a base layer including a display area including an emission area and a non-emission area adjacent to the emission area, and a non-display area around the display area; a light emitting element in the emission area on the base layer; a color filter layer located above the light emitting element; and a light blocking pattern on the light emitting element and including a first light blocking pattern in the non-emission area and a second light blocking pattern in the non-display area. The first light blocking pattern and the second light blocking pattern are different in thickness from each other.

Abstract: A pedal simulator includes a pedal housing, a pedal unit rotatably mounted to the pedal housing, and a simulator unit mounted in the pedal housing and configured to compress a plurality of rods connected to the pedal unit by pressing the pedal unit.

Abstract: Disclosed are a pedal simulator including a housing, a piston part slidably mounted in an inner space of the housing, and including a plurality of piston rod units, and a plurality of damper parts mounted in the housing, and disposed to face the plurality of piston rod units, respectively, wherein the damper parts are compressed by pressure from the piston rod units facing each other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for the diagnosis of a degenerative brain disease, comprising hpmA, which is a substance derived from Proteus, Shigella, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or Citrobacter, preferably a Proteus mirabilis strain, from a biological sample of a subject. In addition, the present invention relates to a method for providing information for the diagnosis of a degenerative brain disease such as Parkinson's disease, brain neuritis (neuroinflammation), or Alzheimer's disease, by measuring the amount of hpmA.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an encoding apparatus using a Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) scanning, which includes a mode selection means for selecting an optimal mode for intra prediction; an intra prediction means for performing intra prediction onto video inputted based on the mode selected in the mode selection means; a DCT and quantization means for performing DCT and quantization onto residual coefficients of a block outputted from the intra prediction means; and an entropy encoding means for performing entropy encoding onto DCT coefficients acquired from the DCT and quantization by using a scanning mode decided based on pixel similarity of the residual coefficients.

Abstract: A pixel includes: a light emitting element; a first transistor including a gate electrode electrically connected to a first node, a second node to which a first power voltage for driving the light emitting element is to be applied, and a third node electrically connected to the light emitting element; and a bias control transistor configured to be controlled in operating timing thereof by a bias control signal, and configured to switch electrical connection between the second node and a bias power line for transmitting a bias voltage. In one frame period, a voltage level of the bias voltage to be applied to the second node sequentially increases.

Abstract: A software package, a gateway for transmitting the same, and a software update method using the same are provided. A software package includes a binary file, a configuration file, and a hash file. The binary file includes read-only memory (ROM) data of a target controller. A management server generates the configuration file by combining a hash value obtained by hashing the binary file with meta information indicating an update procedure between a gateway and the target controller. The management server generates the hash file by hashing the configuration file. The gateway receives the software package and extract the binary file and the configuration file. The gateway transmits the binary file to the target controller according to the update procedure indicated by the meta information.

Abstract: A vehicular heat management system includes a refrigerant circulation line configured to generate hot energy or cold energy depending on a flow direction of a refrigerant, a heater core side coolant circulation line configured to transfer refrigerant heat generated in the refrigerant circulation line to a heater core to heat a passenger compartment, and a battery side coolant circulation line configured to receive coolant heat of the heater core side coolant circulation line via a coolant and then circulate the coolant through a battery to preheat the battery.

Abstract: Provided is an in-band full-duplex MIMO antenna, which includes: a substrate; and transmission antenna elements and reception antenna elements separately coaxially disposed on the same plane of the substrate, in which the transmission antenna elements have a first polarization characteristic, and the reception antenna elements have a second polarization characteristic different from the first polarization characteristic.

Abstract: Provided is an unconstrained vibration damping metal sheet with foam pores. The unconstrained vibration damping metal sheet of the present invention comprises: a metal sheet; an organic-inorganic pretreatment layer containing an acrylic resin formed on the metal sheet; and a foam resin layer formed on the pretreatment layer, the foam resin layer containing, based on weight % thereof, a thermoplastic polyvinyl chloride resin: 40-80%, a plasticizer: 5-40%, a foaming agent: 0.1-10%, an oxide-based crosslinker: 1-4%, and spherical silica: 1-10%.

Abstract: A vehicular heat management system for individually cooling and heating a plurality of air conditioning regions of a vehicle includes a plurality of refrigerant circulation lines configured to cool and heat the air conditioning regions individually shared by the refrigerant circulation lines. The refrigerant circulation lines are provided with one or more air conditioning units for individually cooling and heating the respective air conditioning regions, and are configured to supply a refrigerant to the corresponding air conditioning units to individually cool and heat the air conditioning regions corresponding to the air conditioning units.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method, an apparatus and a storage medium for encoding/decoding using a transform-based feature map. An optimal basis vector is extracted from one or more feature maps, and a transform coefficient is acquired through a transform using the basis vector. The basis vector and the transform coefficient may be transmitted through a bitstream. In an embodiment, one or more feature maps are reconstructed using the basis vector and the transform coefficient, which are decoded from the bitstream.

Abstract: A vehicular software update system for remotely performing a software update of a vehicle and a method thereof are provided. The vehicular software update system includes a management controller installed in a vehicle and a server that performs a remote software update in cooperation with the management controller. The management controller controls the vehicle to start in response to receiving a request for the remote software update from the server, downloads software for update from the server after controlling the vehicle to start, transmits the downloaded software for update to a performance controller in the background, determines whether the transmission of the software for update in the background is completed based on the vehicle being turned off, and performs a software update of the performance controller using the software for update based on the transmission of the software for update in the background being completed.

Abstract: A vehicular software update system includes a management controller coupled to a vehicle and at least one performance controller that receives software for over-the-air (OTA) update in the background from the management controller. The management controller determines a network load of the vehicle and adjusts a transmission speed of the software for OTA update, the software being transmitted to the at least one performance controller, based on a driving state of the vehicle and the network load of the vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for encoding and decoding an image by skip encoding. The image-encoding method by skip encoding, which performs intra-prediction, comprises: performing a filtering operation on the signal which is reconstructed prior to an encoding object signal in an encoding object image; using the filtered reconstructed signal to generate a prediction signal for the encoding object signal; setting the generated prediction signal as a reconstruction signal for the encoding object signal; and not encoding the residual signal which can be generated on the basis of the difference between the encoding object signal and the prediction signal, thereby performing skip encoding on the encoding object signal.

Abstract: Provided are a flexible circuit board for forming a protective layer on an inner lead region, a manufacturing method therefor, and a package having the flexible printed circuit board. The flexible circuit board comprises: a base layer; a wiring layer which includes a plurality of electrode lines each having an inner lead and an outer lead respectively provided on both sides thereof and which is formed on at least one surface of the base layer; a first protective layer formed on the wiring layer so as to expose the inner lead and the outer lead of the electrode line; and a second protective layer formed in an inner lead region that is formed by being encompassed by the first protective layer.

Abstract: A sample stage includes a sample holder that accommodates a sample and a first drive module, a second drive module, and a third drive module that are radially connected to the sample holder and allow the sample holder to have translational degrees of freedom in three directions and rotational degrees of freedom in at least two directions.