Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing a perovskite crystal that improves the performance of a photovoltaic cell. One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a perovskite crystal, the method including: a step S1 of preparing a perovskite solution containing a perovskite precursor and a first polar aprotic solvent; and a step S2 of preparing a perovskite crystal by mixing the perovskite solution and an antisolvent, wherein the antisolvent includes a second polar aprotic solvent.

Abstract: A seat control system of an air vehicle for urban air mobility (UAM)UAM is provided. When the air vehicle turns strongly to one side during rotor failure of the air vehicle for UAM, side pads and air cells prevent the head and the body of a passenger seated on a seat in the air vehicle from being sharply tilted to the one side. Additionally, air bags of the side pads prevent and cushion impact energy applied to the head of the passenger at the moment when the air vehicle lands on the ground.

Abstract: An apparatus of limiting a steering angle in a steer-by-wire (SBW) system, may include a steering column rotating in association with a steering wheel; a striker which is provided to penetrate the steering column and rotates together with the steering column, and has a guide pin and a stopper pin; and a disk member that has a spiral sliding slot formed on a surface facing the guide pin, and a stopper formed on a position limiting a maximum steering angle of the steering column in a process of the guide pin rotating along the sliding slot and the striker being translated with respect to the steering column, so that the stopper pin is caught by the stopper in the rotation and translation motions of the striker.

Abstract: A drone-type air mobility vehicle includes a body, a plurality of rotors, and a plurality of rotor arms configured to connect the plurality of rotors to the body. The drone-type air mobility vehicle further includes: a plurality of air flaps provided in the rotor arms, respectively, and configured to be deployed downwards with the respect to the respective rotor arms by gas injected into the air flaps; and a controller configured to determine whether the rotors are abnormal, based on a yaw rate of the mobility vehicle and state information of the rotors, and the controller configured to determine whether to deploy the air flaps according to a result of the determination on whether the rotors are abnormal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a self-powered perovskite X-ray detector. The self-powered perovskite X-ray detector according to an embodiment of the present invention has a shape wherein a scintillator converting incident X-rays into visible light is combined with a perovskite photodetector, wherein the scintillator and the perovskite light absorption layer include a perovskite compound represented by Formula 1 below: AaMbXc??[Formula 1] where A is a monovalent cation, M is a divalent metal cation or a trivalent metal cation, X is a monovalent anion, a+2b=c when M is a divalent metal cation, a+3b=4c when M is a trivalent metal cation, and a, b, and c are natural numbers.

Abstract: Disclosed are a perovskite photoelectric device and a method of fabricating the same. A perovskite photoelectric device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first electrode; a hole transport layer formed on the first electrode; a perovskite layer formed on the hole transport layer and made of a first perovskite compound; an electron transport layer formed on the perovskite layer; a second electrode formed on the electron transport layer; and a graded wall formed on the hole transport layer and the perovskite layer and made of a second perovskite compound, wherein the first perovskite compound and the second perovskite compound are represented by Formula 1 below, and the graded wall suppresses movement of anions included in the perovskite layer: AaMbXc??[Formula 1] where A is a monovalent cation, M is a divalent or trivalent metal cation, X is a monovalent anion, a+2b=c when M is a divalent metal cation, a+3B=c when M is a trivalent metal cation, and a, b and c are natural numbers.

Abstract: An embodiment steering system for a dual joystick includes left and right joysticks respectively disposed at left and right sides of a seat and configured to rotate about rotary shafts to steer, feedback actuators configured to provide reaction torque and a steering angle variation to the left and right joysticks, respectively, and a controller configured to control the feedback actuators, generate a target steering angle, and steer a vehicle based on a steering input from a driver and factors reflecting a driving state of the vehicle.

Abstract: A drone-type air mobility vehicle includes a body, a plurality of rotors, and a plurality of rotor arms configured to connect the plurality of rotors to the body. The drone-type air mobility vehicle further includes: a plurality of air flaps provided in the rotor arms, respectively, and configured to be deployed downwards with the respect to the respective rotor arms by gas injected into the air flaps; and a controller configured to determine whether the rotors are abnormal, based on a yaw rate of the mobility vehicle and state information of the rotors, and the controller configured to determine whether to deploy the air flaps according to a result of the determination on whether the rotors are abnormal.

Abstract: A control system of an air vehicle for urban air mobility (UAM) is provided. A human-machine interface (HMI) system enables people to more easily control the air vehicle for UAM with a familiar method. The control system includes a steeling wheel operated for steering of the air vehicle, an accelerator pedal operated for acceleration of the air vehicle, and a decelerator pedal operated for deceleration and braking of the air vehicle. An altitude designating device selects and designates a target altitude and a controller generates a control command for adjusting altitude, acceleration, deceleration and braking, and steering of the air vehicle, based on air vehicle driving information. A drive device is then operated according to the control command generated from the controller.

Abstract: A seat control system of an air vehicle for urban air mobility (UAM)UAM is provided. When the air vehicle turns strongly to one side during rotor failure of the air vehicle for UAM, side pads and air cells prevent the head and the body of a passenger seated on a seat in the air vehicle from being sharply tilted to the one side. Additionally, air bags of the side pads prevent and cushion impact energy applied to the head of the passenger at the moment when the air vehicle lands on the ground.

Abstract: A control system for operating an air vehicle for urban air mobility (UAM) is arranged such that when a steering operation for a steering wheel and a stroke operation for an accelerator pedal and a brake pedal are performed for operating the air vehicle for UAM, haptic feedback providing notification of any operational limitations is provided to a driver, so that operation stability and convenience of the driver are secured and stable steering, acceleration, and deceleration of the air vehicle are performed.

Abstract: A control method of an air vehicle for urban air mobility (UAM) is provided. The method enable people to more easily control an air vehicle for UAM, and moves in a flight manner familiar to people during flight to allow a driver and passengers comfortably use the air vehicle without discomfort such as motion sickness, dizziness, etc. The control method includes acquiring air vehicle driving information; adjusting an altitude of the air vehicle to a target altitude; adjusting longitudinal acceleration and longitudinal deceleration of the air vehicle; and operating steering during flight of the air vehicle.

Abstract: An apparatus of limiting a steering angle in a steer-by-wire (SBW) system, may include a steering column rotating in association with a steering wheel; a striker which is provided to penetrate the steering column and rotates together with the steering column, and has a guide pin and a stopper pin; and a disk member that has a spiral sliding slot formed on a surface facing the guide pin, and a stopper formed on a position limiting a maximum steering angle of the steering column in a process of the guide pin rotating along the sliding slot and the striker being translated with respect to the steering column, so that the stopper pin is caught by the stopper in the rotation and translation motions of the striker.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting a hands-off state of a steering wheel may include acquiring, by a controller, a steering torque, a steering angle and a steering angular speed while driving of a vehicle, determining, by the controller, a variance value of the steering angular speed through cumulation for a designated time, determining, by the controller, a difference value between a steering angular speed estimated through a steering system model determined on an assumption that the steering wheel is in the hands-off state and a measured steering angular speed through cumulation for a designated time, when the variance value of the steering angular speed is less than a first threshold value, and divisionally determining, by the controller, whether or not the steering wheel is in the hands-off state or in the hands-on state according to the difference value between the measured and estimated steering angular speeds.

Abstract: Disclosed is a self-powered perovskite X-ray detector. The self-powered perovskite X-ray detector according to an embodiment of the present invention has a shape wherein a scintillator converting incident X-rays into visible light is combined with a perovskite photodetector, wherein the scintillator and the perovskite light absorption layer include a perovskite compound represented by Formula 1 below: AaMbXc??[Formula 1] where A is a monovalent cation, M is a divalent metal cation or a trivalent metal cation, X is a monovalent anion, a+2b=c when M is a divalent metal cation, a+3b=4c when M is a trivalent metal cation, and a, b, and c are natural numbers.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting a hands-off state of a steering wheel may include acquiring, by a controller, a steering torque, a steering angle and a steering angular speed while driving of a vehicle, determining, by the controller, a variance value of the steering angular speed through cumulation for a designated time, determining, by the controller, a difference value between a steering angular speed estimated through a steering system model determined on an assumption that the steering wheel is in the hands-off state and a measured steering angular speed through cumulation for a designated time, when the variance value of the steering angular speed is less than a first threshold value, and divisionally determining, by the controller, whether or not the steering wheel is in the hands-off state or in the hands-on state according to the difference value between the measured and estimated steering angular speeds.

Abstract: Provided is a solar cell including: a first electrode; a composite layer positioned on the first electrode and including a light absorber impregnated thereinto; a light absorption structure positioned on the composite layer and composed of a light absorber; a hole conductive layer positioned on the light absorption structure; and a second electrode positioned on the hole conductive layer.

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing metal/molybdenum oxide nanoparticles, the method including: preparing polycrystalline molybdenum oxide particles; and obtaining metal-doped molybdenum oxide nanoparticles by dissolving the polycrystalline molybdenum oxide particles and a metal precursor in a first solvent, and then performing a solvothermal reaction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of controlling a motor driven power steering system (MDPS). The method includes multiple operations including a torque sensor failure determining operation of determining failure of the torque sensor according to existence of a torque sensor signal input from the torque sensor; a control module calculating operation of, when it is determined that the torque sensor has failure, receiving control signals from a steering angle sensor and a motor angle sensor and calculating a plurality of control modules including a basic assist generating module, an assist maintaining module, and an overshoot preventing module; and an MDPS motor driving operation of driving a motor of the MDPS based on motor torque calculated through the control module.

Abstract: Provided is a solar cell including: a first electrode; an electron transport layer positioned on the first electrode; a light absorber; a hole transport layer; and a second electrode, wherein the light absorber contains a solid-solution of at least two organic-metal halides with a perovskite structure, having different compositions from each other.