Abstract: An energy transfer element includes a first winding coupled to an input circuit and a second winding coupled to an output circuit. The first winding has a first unit and a second unit, and the second winding is wound between the first unit of the first winding and the second unit of the first winding. The energy transfer element further includes a third winding provided between the first unit of the first winding and the second winding. The third winding is used to supply a bias voltage of the input circuit, and a winding width of the third winding is greater than a winding width of the first unit of the first winding and a width of the second winding.

Abstract: Provided is an optical waveguide device including: a core having a stacked structure of at least three layers in which first thin films having a finite width and thickness and formed of a material having a relatively high electric conductivity and a second thin film having the same width as the first thin films and formed of a material having a lower conductivity than the material forming the first thin films are stacked in sequence, the first thin films being disposed in a first layer and an uppermost layer and adjacent to each other for interaction of surface plasmons; and a clad disposed around the core and formed of a material having a lower conductivity than the material forming the first thin films and a higher refractive index than the material forming the second thin film.

Abstract: Provided is a method for quantifying an initial concentration of a nucleic acid from a real-time nucleic acid amplification data. Nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) extracted from organism or virus is amplified using an enzyme. Then, the initial concentration of the nucleic acid is found by calculating the characteristic amplification cycle number or the characteristic amplification time at which the fluorescence intensity of the nucleic acid subtracted by the background fluorescence intensity of the nucleic acid has half of its maximum value, or the characteristic amplification cycle number or the characteristic amplification time at which the amplification efficiency has the maximum or the minimum value, or the prior-to-amplification fluorescence intensity of the nucleic acid subtracted by the background fluorescence intensity of the nucleic acid. Accordingly, the initial concentration of the nucleic acid can be calculated without differentiation or integration.

Abstract: A switching mode power supply (SMPS) and a driving method thereof are provided. The SMPS includes a power supply block that includes a first switch coupled to a first coil of a primary side of a transformer for converting an input voltage, wherein the power supply block supplies power to a second coil and a third coil of a secondary side of the transformer according to operation of the first switch; and a PWM signal generator determines a turn-on time of the first switch according to the input voltage, and the turn-on time is determined regardless of a power magnitude of an output terminal connected to the second coil. Accordingly, screen noise due to a ripple can be eliminated and stress on the switch breakdown due to excessive power input can be reduced to enable an SMPS with stable driving.

Abstract: An RFID reader control system and method is provided. A protocol for controlling an RFID reader and an RFID reader control unit of a mobile phone is defined. Messages, information, commands, responses, and notification are constructed and transmitted between the RFID reader and the RFID reader control unit.

Abstract: Provided are a heat-dissipating black resin composition having excellent physical properties such as heat-dissipation, workability, corrosion resistance, solvent resistance, coating adherence and gloss, and being free from chromium and used for surface treatment of a zinc coated steel sheet, a method for treating a zinc coated steel sheet, and a zinc coated steel sheet treated thereby. The composition includes, based on 100 parts by weight: 10 to 60 parts by weight of a resin composition which at least one main resin and a melamine-based curing agent are mixed in a weight ratio of 10:2-7, the main resin being selected from the group consisting of polyester, epoxy, polyolefin, polyurethane, fluorine, phenol, acryl and polycarbonate resins; 1 to 10 parts by weight of at least one pigment selected from the group consisting of carbon black and carbon nano tube; 1 to 10 parts by weight of a matting agent; and the balance of a solvent.

Abstract: Provided is an optical wiring module. The optical wiring module includes a light source mounted on a surface of a substrate, a metal optical waveguide coupled to a transverse magnetic mode of light emitted from the light source and using a long-range surface palsmon polariton, and a photodetector. The optical wiring module has a simple structure enabling it to be further miniaturized and its yield to be increased.

Abstract: A converter is provided including: a first switch; an energy transmitting element for converting input energy into output energy according to the switching of the first switch; and a switching controller for detecting a time when a voltage between a first terminal and a second terminal of the first switch reaches a valley of a resonance waveform, and actuating the first switch corresponding to one of the detected valleys of the resonance waveform. The switching controller includes: a valley detector for changing the state of the output signal whenever a voltage between a first terminal and a second terminal of the first switch reaches a valley of the resonance waveform; and a PWM controller for actuating the first switch corresponding to an output signal of the valley detector.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a capacitance type pressure measurement apparatus by using a diaphragm, and more specifically to an apparatus for measuring pressure by using a diaphragm capable of measuring pressure of atmospheric pressure or less as well as pressure of atmospheric pressure or more without having a getter pump by fixedly mounting a pressure variable container on a sensor housing having a diaphragm mounted therein.

Abstract: In a power converter, a primary coil receives an input voltage, and a switch includes a first electrode, a second electrode coupled to the primary coil, and a control electrode. An output unit includes a secondary coil, and outputs an output voltage. The primary coil and the secondary coil form a transformer, and the input voltage is converted to the output voltage by the transformer.

Abstract: An RFID reader control system and method is provided. A protocol for controlling an RFID reader and an RFID reader control unit of a mobile phone is defined. Messages, information, commands, responses, and notification are constructed and transmitted between the RFID reader and the RFID reader control unit.

Abstract: An aqueous silver-containing solution comprising nano-sized silver particles wherein silver (Ag) particles having a particle diameter of 1 to 20 nm have a concentration of 200 to 100,000 ppm, the pH of the solution is maintained in a range of 6 to 8.5, and based on the weight of the silver-containing solution, an amount of a stabilizer as an impurity is in a range of 0.5 to 1.5% by weight, an amount of anions of a silver salt as another impurity is 1.0% by weight or less and the total amount of the stabilizer and anions of the silver salt is 2.0% by weight or less; an antibacterial resin composition comprising 100 parts by weight of an acrylic, urethane, epoxy or ester resin, 0.

Abstract: Provided are a pointing apparatus capable of providing haptic feedback, and a haptic interaction system and method using the same. The pointing apparatus includes a wireless communication unit, a controller, and a haptic stimulator. The wireless communication unit receives an event including haptic output information through wireless communication with the outside. The controller generates a control signal for reproducing a haptic pattern corresponding to the haptic output information. The haptic stimulator reproduces the haptic pattern by means of the control signal. Thus, it is possible to increase the performance and usability of a user interface of a user terminal including a touch screen.

Abstract: Disclosed is a paint composition having high far-infrared emissivity, antibiotic activity and solvent resistance and a precoated metal sheet for home appliances, coated with the paint composition. The paint composition includes a thermosetting resin, 9-60 parts by weight of ceramic powder and 0.2-4.0 parts by weight of phosphoric acid, based on 100 parts by weight of the thermosetting resin, is provided, and a precoated metal sheet coated with such a paint composition is also provided. The paint composition and the precoated metal sheet coated with the paint composition manifest high far-infrared emissivity and antibiotic activity, and as well, have storage stability and solvent resistance increased by neutralizing the alkalinity of ceramic powder using phosphoric acid. Further, a silane compound and a curing catalyst are additionally used to increase gloss and processability.

Abstract: An array substrate for a liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method thereof is disclosed in the present invention. The liquid crystal display having an array substrate includes a substrate, a gate line and a data line on the substrate, the gate line and the data line crossing each other and defining a pixel area, a thin film transistor electrically connected to the gate line and the data line, and including a gate electrode connected to the gate line, a source electrode over the gate electrode and connected to the data line, a drain electrode spaced apart from the source electrode, and a semiconductor layer having an active layer over the gate electrode and a first extended portion completely covered with the drain electrode at a boundary between the active electrode and the first extended portion, wherein the first extended portion is disposed over the gate electrode, and a pixel electrode in the pixel region and connected to the drain electrode.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes first substrate having an active region and a non-active region along a peripheral portion of the active region, a second substrate facing and spaced apart from the first substrate, and having an active region and a non-active region along a peripheral portion of the active region, a seal pattern between the first and second substrates disposed along a border of the active and non-active regions, a gate line on an interior surface of the first substrate and crossing the seal pattern, a data line crossing the gate line and the seal pattern, a thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the data line, a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor, a common electrode on an interior surface of the second surface, a first step-compensating pattern adjacent to the seal pattern and the gate line, a second step-compensating pattern adjacent to the seal pattern and the data line, and a liquid crystal material layer between the pixel electrode and the common el

Abstract: Provided is a cell lysis method including: preparing a cell sample to be lysed; heating the cell sample; and cooling the cell sample by causing an endothermic reaction near the cell sample. According to the method, cell lysis can be simply and conveniently performed without regard to location and without additional devices since a separate energy source is not required and the apparatus is portable. In particular, when cell lysis is performed in a biochip using a small amount of sample, a greater cell lysis effect can be obtained. In addition, cell lysis efficiency is significantly improved, compared to when only heating is performed.

Abstract: There are provided a resonator for use in a filter, which interprets and reduces intermodulation distortion by analyzing characteristics of current density occurring at resonance and linear and nonlinear characteristics of the filter, a method for manufacturing filters by using the resonator and a filter manufactured by the method. The resonator has a ratio of an inside diameter to an outside diameter belonging to a range which is larger than about 1:3 and smaller than or equal to about 1:3.75 and its length (H) is about ?/4, wherein ? is a wavelength of a plane wave provided to the resonator. By employing the method, it is possible to effectively design the filters through the use of a circuitry and structural approach with breaking from a conventional approach depending on local and minute processing steps when manufacturing the filters.

Abstract: A switching mode power supply (SMPS) and a driving method thereof are provided. The SMPS includes a power supply block that includes a first switch coupled to a first coil of a primary side of a transformer for converting an input voltage, wherein the power supply block supplies power to a second coil and a third coil of a secondary side of the transformer according to operation of the first switch; and a PWM signal generator determines a turn-on time of the first switch according to the input voltage, and the turn-on time is determined regardless of a power magnitude of an output terminal connected to the second coil. Accordingly, screen noise due to a ripple can be eliminated and stress on the switch breakdown due to excessive power input can be reduced to enable an SMPS with stable driving.

Abstract: Provided are a two-dimensional planar photonic crystal superprism device and a method of manufacturing the same, in which a manufacturing process is simplified using a nanoimprint lithography technique, and thus price-reduction and mass production are facilitated. The two-dimensional planar photonic crystal superprism device includes: a single-mode input waveguide comprising a straight waveguide having a taper structure and a bending waveguide; a superprism formed on an output end side of the single-mode input waveguide and comprising a slab and a photonic crystal superprism; and a single-mode output waveguide comprising a straight waveguide having a taper structure and a bending waveguide, and formed adjacent to the photonic crystal superprism. Using the two-dimensional planar photonic crystal superprism device, it is possible to facilitate manufacturing of nano-photonic integrated circuits, photonic crystal integrated circuits and nano-photonic systems.