Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds of Chemical Formula 1, optical isomers of the compounds, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds or the optical isomers. The compounds, isomers, and salts exhibit excellent activity as GLP-1 receptor agonists. In particular, they, as GLP-1 receptor agonists, exhibit excellent glucose tolerance, thus having a great potential to be used as therapeutic agents for metabolic diseases. Moreover, they exhibit excellent pharmacological safety for cardiovascular systems.

Abstract: A crack detection chip includes a chip which includes an internal region and an external region surrounding the internal region, a guard ring formed inside the chip along an edge of the chip to define the internal region and the external region, an edge wiring disposed along an edge of the internal region in the form of a closed curve and a pad which is exposed on a surface of the chip and is connected to the edge wiring. The edge wiring is connected to a Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) module which applies an incident wave to the edge wiring through the pad, and detects a reflected wave formed in the edge wiring to detect a position of a crack.

Abstract: A crack detection chip includes a chip which includes an internal region and an external region surrounding the internal region, a guard ring formed inside the chip along an edge of the chip to define the internal region and the external region, an edge wiring disposed along an edge of the internal region in the form of a closed curve and a pad which is exposed on a surface of the chip and is connected to the edge wiring. The edge wiring is connected to a Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) module which applies an incident wave to the edge wiring through the pad, and detects a reflected wave formed in the edge wiring to detect a position of a crack.

Abstract: A crack detection chip includes a chip which includes an internal region and an external region surrounding the internal region, a guard ring formed inside the chip along an edge of the chip to define the internal region and the external region, an edge wiring disposed along an edge of the internal region in the form of a closed curve and a pad which is exposed on a surface of the chip and is connected to the edge wiring. The edge wiring is connected to a Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) module which applies an incident wave to the edge wiring through the pad, and detects a reflected wave formed in the edge wiring to detect a position of a crack.

Abstract: A crack detection chip includes a chip which includes an internal region and an external region surrounding the internal region, a guard ring formed inside the chip along an edge of the chip to define the internal region and the external region, an edge wiring disposed along an edge of the internal region in the form of a closed curve and a pad which is exposed on a surface of the chip and is connected to the edge wiring. The edge wiring is connected to a Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) module which applies an incident wave to the edge wiring through the pad, and detects a reflected wave formed in the edge wiring to detect a position of a crack.

Abstract: A gap-fill polymer for filling fine pattern gaps, which has a low dielectric constant (low-k) and excellent gap filling properties, may consist of a compound formed by condensation polymerization of a first oligomer represented by the formula 1 and a second oligomer represented by the formula 2.

Abstract: A gap-fill polymer for filling fine pattern gaps, which has a low dielectric constant (flow-k) and excellent gap filling properties may consist of a compound formed by condensation polymerization of a first oligomer represented by the formula 1 and a second oligomer represented by the formula 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical vaccine composition comprising: (a) a pathogen-derived antigen selected from the group consisting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen, Bacillus anthracis antigen, HAV (hepatitis A virus) antigen, HBV (hepatitis B virus) antigen, HCV (hepatitis C virus) antigen, HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) antigen, influenza virus antigen, HSV (herpes simplex virus) antigen, Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b) antigen, Neisseria meningitidis antigen, Corynebacterium diphtheriae antigen, Bordetella pertussis antigen, Clostridium tetani antigen and Varicella virus antigen; (b) a deacylated non-toxic LOS (lipooligosaccharide); and (c) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical vaccine composition for a human cervical cancer, comprising: (a) (i) a L1 virus-like particle (VLP) of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16, a L1 VLP of HPV type 18, or a combination thereof; and (ii) a deacylated non-toxic lipooligosaccharide (LOS); and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier; and a method for preparing a human papillomavirus (HPV) L1 virus-like particle (VLP). The pharmaceutical vaccine composition of the present invention is in both Th1-type immune response (cellular immunity) and Th2-type immune response (humoral immunity) against HPV more excellent than Cervrix™ and Gardasil™, exhibiting a superior efficacy as a vaccine for a human cervical cancer.

Abstract: A semiconductor package includes a wiring substrate including a plurality of solder pads; a chip including a plurality of chip pads connected to the solder pads through a plurality of solders; a sealing layer configured to seal the chip and the solders, at least one void being between the solders; and a solder extrusion prevention layer on one sidewall of the solder exposed by the at least one void.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed towards a sliding liquid level sensor which is mounted in a fuel tank of a vehicle for detecting a remaining amount of a liquid fuel in the tank. The liquid level sensor has a float, a plurality of electrodes, and a sliding contact point configured to slide on the electrodes in accordance with a displacement of the float. The electrodes preferably contain 100 parts by weight of a silver-palladium alloy and preferably 3-20 parts by weight of glass. The silver-palladium alloy preferably contains 20-60% by weight of silver and preferably 80-40% by weight of palladium. The sliding contact point is made from a palladium-nickel alloy that preferably contains 70-90% by weight of palladium and preferably 30-10% by weight of nickel.

Abstract: A semiconductor package includes a wiring substrate including a plurality of solder pads; a chip including a plurality of chip pads connected to the solder pads through a plurality of solders; a sealing layer configured to seal the chip and the solders, at least one void being between the solders; and a solder extrusion prevention layer on one sidewall of the solder exposed by the at least one void.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating arteriosclerosis, comprising: a pharmaceutically effective amount of a protein comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The composition of the present invention exhibits no toxicity in the liver or kidney and effectively reduces the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, thereby exhibiting efficacy in treating arteriosclerosis.

Abstract: Embodiments of methods for forming a semiconductor device that includes a die and a substrate include pressing together the die and the substrate such that a first gold layer and one or more additional material layers are between the die and the substrate, and performing a bonding operation to form a die attach layer between the die and the substrate. The die attach layer includes a gold interface layer that includes gold and a plurality of first precipitates in the gold. Each of the first precipitates includes a combination of nickel, cobalt, palladium, gold, and silicon.

Abstract: Embodiments of a semiconductor device include a primary portion of a substrate, a die, and a die attach layer between the die and the primary portion of the substrate. The die attach layer includes a gold interface layer that includes gold and a plurality of first precipitates in the gold. Each of the first precipitates includes a combination of nickel, cobalt, palladium, gold, and silicon.

Abstract: A method for treating a vascular-related disease in a subject in need thereof, includes administering to the subject a peptide having a sequence Xaa-Gly-Asp. The peptide may have a sequence of SEQ ID NOS: 1, 2, 4, 6 to 10. The vascular-related disease may be edema and/or ischemia caused by blood leakage of blood vessel walls, damages of blood vessels or abnormal angiogenesis.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating arteriosclerosis, comprising: a pharmaceutically effective amount of a protein comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The composition of the present invention exhibits no toxicity in the liver or kidney and effectively reduces the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, thereby exhibiting efficacy in treating arteriosclerosis.

Abstract: Embodiments of methods for forming a semiconductor device that includes a die and a substrate include pressing together the die and the substrate such that a first gold layer and one or more additional material layers are between the die and the substrate, and performing a bonding operation to form a die attach layer between the die and the substrate. The die attach layer includes a gold interface layer that includes gold and a plurality of first precipitates in the gold. Each of the first precipitates includes a combination of nickel, cobalt, palladium, gold, and silicon.

Abstract: Embodiments of a semiconductor device include a primary portion of a substrate, a die, and a die attach layer between the die and the primary portion of the substrate. The die attach layer includes a gold interface layer that includes gold and a plurality of first precipitates in the gold. Each of the first precipitates includes a combination of nickel, cobalt, palladium, gold, and silicon.

Abstract: A method for treating a vascular-related disease in a subject in need thereof, includes administering to the subject a peptide having a sequence Xaa-Gly-Asp. The peptide may have a sequence of SEQ ID NOS: 1, 2, 4, 6 to 10. The vascular-related disease may be edema and/or ischemia caused by blood leakage of blood vessel walls, damages of blood vessels or abnormal angiogenesis.