Abstract: An expectorated blood spatter generator includes: a compressed air ejection unit configured to eject compressed air through an air nozzle; and a blood ejection unit having one end connected to the air nozzle and ejecting blood through a blood nozzle by pressure of compressed air being ejected.

Abstract: A method of comparing and determining three-dimensional (3D) identity of a tool mark includes: obtaining a 3D image of a suspect tool and a tool mark; extracting a contact portion of the suspect tool contributed to formation of the tool mark from the 3D image of the suspect tool; determining a matching area by comparing a shape of the contact portion 12 of the suspect tool 10 with a shape of the tool mark 20; and calculating a matching rate between the contact portion of the suspect tool and the tool mark.

Abstract: A data storage apparatus includes a nonvolatile memory device including a dump region configured to temporarily store data according to a state of applied power; and a controller configured to monitor health information of the dump region of the nonvolatile memory device, generate environmental information corresponding to a power loss protection (PLP) operation based on the health information, and share the environmental information with an external device.

Abstract: A data storage apparatus includes a nonvolatile memory device including a dump region configured to temporarily store data according to a state of applied power; and a controller configured to monitor health information of the dump region of the nonvolatile memory device, generate environmental information corresponding to a power loss protection (PLP) operation based on the health information, and share the environmental information with an external device.

Abstract: A memory system includes a memory device including a first memory block used for power-loss data protection and a controller coupled to the memory device. The controller includes a hardware layer and a firmware layer. The hardware layer checks whether at least one write data entry belongs to a programmable range in the memory device after power loss occurs, determines whether a logical address associated with the at least one write data entry is repeated, and programs the at least one write data entry in the first memory block.

Abstract: A deep learning-based fuse state determination apparatus includes an image obtaining unit configured to obtain a fluoroscopic image of an object including a fuse, a fuse area extraction unit configured to extract a fuse area from the fluoroscopic image of the object, a trained model application unit configured to calculate a probability (determination probability) of determining a fuse state of the extracted fuse area as a fuse state of set classification by applying a pre-trained model, and a fuse state determination unit configured to determine the fuse state of the extracted fuse area according to a set determination condition.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining electrical melting traces by direct current and alternating current in wires based on deep learning includes an image obtaining unit configured to obtain a wire image including an electrical melting trace, a trained model application unit configured to calculate a probability (determination probability) of determining the electrical melting trace as an electrical melting trace by direct current or alternating current by applying a pre-trained model, and a determination unit configured to determine the electrical melting trace according to a set determination condition.

Abstract: A wire melting trace photographing apparatus according to an embodiment includes a wire fixing member connected to one side of a wire including a melting trace and fixing the wire, and a photographing member capable of photographing the melting trace in a circumferential direction of the wire. A deep learning-based electric wire-melting trace determination apparatus according to an embodiment includes an image obtaining unit configured to obtain a wire image for each rotation angle, a trained model application unit configured to calculate a determination probability of the wire image for each rotation angle, a melting trace analysis unit configured to analyze information related to a determination probability of a melting trace included in the wire, and a melting trace determination unit configured to determine the melting trace included in the wire according to a set determination condition.

Abstract: A developed impact mark analysis apparatus includes: an image acquisition unit configured to obtain at least one first image by photographing impact marks that are developed, and to obtain a second image of impact marks at a crime scene that are developed from evidence at the crime scene; an outliner configured to outline the at least one first image to obtain at least one first outline image, and to outline the second image to obtain a second outline image; a database configured to store the first outline image corresponding to related tool characteristic information; a matching unit configured to search the database for the first outline image determined to be similar to the second outline image and match them with each other; a display unit; and a user input unit.

Abstract: A fingerprint ridge digital enhancement apparatus includes: a fingerprint image obtainer configured to obtain a fingerprint image; a pixel value extractor configured to divide an area with ridges and an area without ridges in the fingerprint image, and to extract a pixel value according to a color model for each area; an outlier detector configured to detect an outlier of the pixel value according to the color model for each area; a correction operator configured to calculate the average and standard deviation of pixel values according to the color model for each area from which the outlier is removed; a parameter operator configured to set a parameter that is a criterion for dividing each area, and to operate a reference value of the parameter; and a matrix operator configured to generate and operate a matrix including the pixel value according to the color model of the fingerprint image and the reference value of the parameter.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a first region and a second region surrounding the first region. A substrate includes a first surface and a second surface that is opposite to the first surface. A photoelectric conversion element is disposed on the substrate. A passivation layer is disposed on the first surface of the substrate. A microlens is disposed on the passivation layer in the first region and is not disposed on the passivation layer in the second region. A pattern structure is disposed on an upper surface of the passivation layer in the second region. The pattern structure includes a metal and has at least one lateral side wall having a sloped profile.

Abstract: A method of enhancing a footwear impression formed on a porous surface using a potassium ferrocyanide solution for footwear impression enhancement includes: forming a porous surface sample by leaving footwear impressions into an object having a porous surface; preparing a potassium ferrocyanide solution for footwear impression enhancement; and applying the potassium ferrocyanide solution for footwear impression enhancement to the porous surface sample.

Abstract: A method of comparing and determining three-dimensional (3D) identity of a tool mark includes: obtaining a 3D image of a suspect tool and a tool mark; extracting a contact portion of the suspect tool contributed to formation of the tool mark from the 3D image of the suspect tool; determining a matching area by comparing a shape of the contact portion 12 of the suspect tool 10 with a shape of the tool mark 20; and calculating a matching rate between the contact portion of the suspect tool and the tool mark.

Abstract: A method of enhancing a footwear impression formed on a porous surface using a potassium ferrocyanide solution for footwear impression enhancement includes: forming a porous surface sample by leaving footwear impressions into an object having a porous surface; preparing a potassium ferrocyanide solution for footwear impression enhancement; and applying the potassium ferrocyanide solution for footwear impression enhancement to the porous surface sample.

Abstract: A memory system includes a memory device including a first memory block used for power-loss data protection and a controller coupled to the memory device. The controller includes a hardware layer and a firmware layer. The hardware layer checks whether at least one write data entry belongs to a programmable range in the memory device after power loss occurs, determines whether a logical address associated with the at least one write data entry is repeated, and programs the at least one write data entry in the first memory block.

Abstract: A cessation cast-off bloodstain pattern generator includes: a body unit including an impact surface that a tool may hit; a shaft unit located to rotate about an arbitrary axis by having one end mounted on the body unit and the other end equipped with the tool; and an impact force measuring unit that is located on the impact surface, and measures an impact force when a tool applied with blood to an experimental site rotates and collides with the impact surface and the blood falls off.

Abstract: A projected bloodstain generator includes: a blood supply capable of supplying blood by applying pressure; a blood vessel nozzle connector that is connected to the blood supply to transfer the blood and change a position for controlling the direction of blood ejection; and a blood vessel nozzle having one end connected to the blood vessel nozzle connector and the other end configured to eject blood by applied pressure.

Abstract: An expectorated blood spatter generator includes: a compressed air ejection unit configured to eject compressed air through an air nozzle; and a blood ejection unit having one end connected to the air nozzle and ejecting blood through a blood nozzle by pressure of compressed air being ejected.

Abstract: A footprint generator capable of applying a constant force includes: a base plate in which a target surface may be on an upper surface of the base plate; a shoe mounting member that is apart from the upper surface of the base plate and capable of mounting a shoe; a driving unit that is apart from the upper surface of the base plate and capable of moving the shoe mounting member up and down; and a force measuring unit configured to measure an impact force when the shoe mounting member descends and contacts the shoe with the target surface to generate a footprint on the target surface.

Abstract: A method of calculating a bleeding site and a trajectory of a bloodstain scattered by impact includes: obtaining, by an electronic device calculating the bleeding site and the trajectory of the bloodstain scattered by impact, captured image information; analyzing the obtained captured image information, by the electronic device, and calculating a collision angle and measuring a direction angle of the bloodstain scattered by impact; calculating, by the electronic device, a coordinate value of the bleeding site by using a linear trajectory method; calculating, by the electronic device, a trajectory of a drop of blood based on the calculated coordinate value of the bleeding site by using a parabolic trajectory method considering gravity and air resistance; and displaying and outputting, by the electronic device, a linear trajectory of the drop of blood and a parabolic trajectory considering gravity and air resistance of the drop of blood on a 3D space.