Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for authentication and identification of a user by use of an electroencephalographic (EEG) signal. For example, a method for authenticating a user includes the following steps. At least one electroencephalographic response is obtained from a user in accordance with perceptory stimuli presented to the user. The user is authenticated based on the obtained electroencephalographic response. The authenticating step may be based on detection of an event-related potential in the obtained electroencephalographic response. The event-related potential may be a P300 event-related potential. The method may also include the step of enrolling the user prior to authenticating the user. The enrolling step may include a supervised enrollment procedure or an unsupervised enrollment procedure.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for authentication and identification of a user by use of an electroencephalographic (EEG) signal. For example, a method for authenticating a user includes the following steps. At least one electroencephalographic response is obtained from a user in accordance with perceptory stimuli presented to the user. The user is authenticated based on the obtained electroencephalographic response. The authenticating step may be based on detection of an event-related potential in the obtained electroencephalographic response. The event-related potential may be a P300 event-related potential. The method may also include the step of enrolling the user prior to authenticating the user. The enrolling step may include a supervised enrollment procedure or an unsupervised enrollment procedure.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for authentication and identification of a user by use of an electroencephalographic (EEG) signal. For example, a method for authenticating a user includes the following steps. At least one electroencephalographic response is obtained from a user in accordance with perceptory stimuli presented to the user. The user is authenticated based on the obtained electroencephalographic response. The authenticating step may be based on detection of an event-related potential in the obtained electroencephalographic response. The event-related potential may be a P300 event-related potential. The method may also include the step of enrolling the user prior to authenticating the user. The enrolling step may include a supervised enrollment procedure or an unsupervised enrollment procedure.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for authentication and identification of a user by use of an electroencephalographic (EEG) signal. For example, a method for authenticating a user includes the following steps. At least one electroencephalographic response is obtained from a user in accordance with perceptory stimuli presented to the user. The user is authenticated based on the obtained electroencephalographic response. The authenticating step may be based on detection of an event-related potential in the obtained electroencephalographic response. The event-related potential may be a P300 event-related potential. The method may also include the step of enrolling the user prior to authenticating the user. The enrolling step may include a supervised enrollment procedure or an unsupervised enrollment procedure.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for sequential authentication of a user that employ one or more error rates characterizing each security challenge. According to one aspect of the invention, a user is challenged with at least one knowledge challenge to obtain an intermediate authentication result; and the user challenges continue until a cumulative authentication result satisfies one or more criteria. The intermediate authentication result is based, for example, on one or more of false accept and false reject error probabilities for each knowledge challenge. A false accept error probability describes a probability of a different user answering the knowledge challenge correctly. A false reject error probability describes a probability of a genuine user not answering the knowledge challenge correctly. The false accept and false reject error probabilities can be adapted based on field data or known information about a given challenge.

Abstract: A method of identifying and using side information available to statistical machine translation systems within an enterprise setting, the method including extracting user-specific interaction and non-interaction-based information from at least one corresponding database within the enterprise for each of a plurality of users, aggregating the user-specific interaction and non-interaction based information from a plurality of users, by using a processor on a computer, to tune and adapt background translation and language models, and updating all relevant models within the enterprise after user activity based on the tuned and adapted translation and language models.

Abstract: A capacitor containing a solid electrolytic capacitor element including a sintered porous anode body and a relatively large diameter anode lead wire is provided. The lead wire is electrically connected to the anode body for connection to an anode termination. Further, the lead wire has a diameter that is at least about 10% of the height of the porous anode body to improve the points of contact between the anode body and wire to reduce ESR. A portion of the lead wire extends from a surface of the anode body in a longitudinal direction. At least one notch can be formed in the portion of the lead wire that extends from the anode body. The notch can be formed via a laser or by cutting, punching, or sawing and can serve as the point of electrical connection between the anode termination and the lead wire.

Abstract: A method of generating a statistical machine translation database through a game in which a monolingual structure is provided to a plurality of players. A first translation attempt is received from each of the plurality of players. The first translation attempt from each of the plurality of players is compared. Feedback is provided to each of the plurality of players and the attempts are received and compared to provide feedback to iteratively converge subsequent translations from each of the plurality of players into a final translated structure.

Abstract: A solid electrolytic capacitor that contains a capacitor element that includes an anode body, dielectric layer, and solid electrolyte is provided. The capacitor also contains an anode lead that is electrically connected to the anode body by a refractory metal paste (e.g., tantalum paste). The use of such a refractory metal paste allows the anode lead to be sinter bonded to a surface of the anode body after it is pressed. In this manner, a strong and reliable connection may be achieved without substantially decreasing the surface area of the lead that is available for connection to a termination. Furthermore, because the lead is not embedded within the anode body, the capacitor may be configured so that little, if any, portion of the lead extends beyond the anode body. This may result in a highly volumetrically efficient capacitor with excellent electrical properties.

Abstract: A solid electrolytic capacitor has a capacitor body formed from a pressed anode, a dielectric layer and a solid electrolyte layer. An anode lead extends from anode pellet and is electrically connected to an anode termination. The outer surface of the capacitor body forms a cathode that is electrically connected to a cathode termination. Base anode and cathode termination portions are coplanar and connected with a recessed leadframe channel. A capacitor element is attached to the anode and cathode termination portions and encapsulated. The recessed leadframe channel is removed to isolate the anode and cathode terminations on a single mounting surface, leaving a surface groove formed between the anode and cathode terminations.

Abstract: A surface-mountable electrolytic capacitor with improved volumetric efficiency includes an electrolytic capacitor element, anode and cathode terminations, an encapsulation material and external terminations. The capacitor element has first and second opposing end surfaces and an anode wire extending from the first end surface that is electrically connected to a first anode termination portion. A first cathode termination portion is conductively adhered to a surface of the capacitor element, and a second portion is perpendicular to the first portion and parallel to the second end surface of the capacitor element. Encapsulating material surrounds the capacitor element to form a device package that is subsequently diced to improve volumetric efficiency and optionally expose the anode and cathode terminations on opposing end surfaces. First and second external terminations may be formed over the exposed portions of anode and cathode terminations to wrap around to one or more given surfaces of the device package.

Abstract: A method of identifying and using side information available to statistical machine translation systems within an enterprise setting, the method including extracting user-specific interaction and non-interaction-based information from at least one corresponding database within the enterprise for each of a plurality of users, aggregating the user-specific interaction and non-interaction based information from a plurality of users, by using a processor on a computer, to tune and adapt background translation and language models, and updating all relevant models within the enterprise after user activity based on the tuned and adapted translation and language models.

Abstract: A method and system for speaker recognition and identification includes transforming features of a speaker utterance in a first condition state to match a second condition state and provide a transformed utterance. A discriminative criterion is used to generate a transform that maps an utterance to obtain a computed result. The discriminative criterion is maximized over a plurality of speakers to obtain a best transform for recognizing speech and/or identifying a speaker under the second condition state. Speech recognition and speaker identity may be determined by employing the best transform for decoding speech to reduce channel mismatch.

Abstract: A method of generating a statistical machine translation database through a game in which a monolingual structure is provided to a plurality of players. A first translation attempt is received from each of the plurality of players. The first translation attempt from each of the plurality of players is compared. Feedback is provided to each of the plurality of players and the attempts are received and compared to provide feedback to iteratively converge subsequent translations from each of the plurality of players into a final translated structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for treating distortion propagated though a detection system. The system includes a compensation module that compensates for untreated distortions propagating through the detection compensation system, a user model pool that comprises of a plurality of model sets, and a model selector that selects at least one model set from plurality of model sets in the user model pool. The compensation is accomplished by continually producing scores distributed according to a prescribed distribution for the at least one model set and mitigating the adverse effects of the scores being distorted and lying off a pre-set operating point. The method for treating distortion propagated though a detection system includes receiving a signal from a remote device, and compensating the signal for untreated distortions.

Abstract: In detection systems, such as speaker verification systems, for a given operating point range, with an associated detection “cost”, the detection cost is preferably reduced by essentially trading off the system error in the area of interest with areas essentially “outside” that interest. Among the advantages achieved thereby are higher optimization gain and better generalization. From a measurable Detection Error Tradeoff (DET) curve of the given detection system, a criterion is preferably derived, such that its minimization provably leads to detection cost reduction in the area of interest. The criterion allows for selective access to the slope and offset of the DET curve (a line in case of normally distributed detection scores, a curve approximated by mixture of Gaussians in case of other distributions). By modifying the slope of the DET curve, the behavior of the detection system is changed favorably with respect to the given area of interest.

Abstract: A solid electrolytic capacitor has a capacitor body formed from a pressed anode, a dielectric layer and a solid electrolyte layer. An anode lead extends from anode pellet and is electrically connected to an anode termination. The outer surface of the capacitor body forms a cathode that is electrically connected to a cathode termination. Base anode and cathode termination portions are coplanar and connected with a recessed leadframe channel. A capacitor element is attached to the anode and cathode termination portions and encapsulated. The recessed leadframe channel is removed to isolate the anode and cathode terminations on a single mounting surface, leaving a surface groove formed between the anode and cathode terminations.

Abstract: A solid electrolytic capacitor that contains a capacitor element that includes an anode body, dielectric layer, and solid electrolyte is provided. The capacitor also contains an anode lead that is electrically connected to the anode body by a refractory metal paste (e.g., tantalum paste). The use of such a refractory metal paste allows the anode lead to be sinter bonded to a surface of the anode body after it is pressed. In this manner, a strong and reliable connection may be achieved without substantially decreasing the surface area of the lead that is available for connection to a termination. Furthermore, because the lead is not embedded within the anode body, the capacitor may be configured so that little, if any, portion of the lead extends beyond the anode body. This may result in a highly volumetrically efficient capacitor with excellent electrical properties.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for providing a Text Independent (TI) speaker recognition mode in a Text Dependent (TD) Hidden Markov Model (HMM) speaker recognition system and/or a Text Constrained (TC) HMM speaker recognition system. The apparatus includes a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) generator and a Gaussian weight normalizer. The GMM generator is for creating a GMM by pooling Gaussians from a plurality of HMM states. The Gaussian weight normalizer is for normalizing Gaussian weights with respect to the plurality of HMM states.

Abstract: A surface-mountable electrolytic capacitor with improved volumetric efficiency includes an electrolytic capacitor element, anode and cathode terminations, an encapsulation material and external terminations. The capacitor element has first and second opposing end surfaces and an anode wire extending from the first end surface that is electrically connected to a first anode termination portion. A first cathode termination portion is conductively adhered to a surface of the capacitor element, and a second portion is perpendicular to the first portion and parallel to the second end surface of the capacitor element. Encapsulating material surrounds the capacitor element to form a device package that is subsequently diced to improve volumetric efficiency and optionally expose the anode and cathode terminations on opposing end surfaces. First and second external terminations may be formed over the exposed portions of anode and cathode terminations to wrap around to one or more given surfaces of the device package.