Abstract: An optical system deviation estimating apparatus includes an erected/inverted attitude setting means 9 for changing dispositional attitude of an optical system under test, a non-interferometric type wavefront measuring means 10 for measuring wavefronts at the attitudes as set up without resorting to interference phenomenon of light, a polynomial approximation means 15 for expanding measured wavefront values determined by the non-interferometric type wavefront measuring means 10 to a polynomial, an averaging arithmetic means 11 for averaging the measured values derived from output of the non-interferometric type wavefront measuring means 10 or alternatively arithmetic values derived from output of the polynomial approximation means 15, and a polynomial specific coefficient extraction arithmetic means 16 for extracting specific coefficient values of the polynomial.

Abstract: A refracting optical lens 15 is provided to project light from transmitting means onto a convex mirror 16 to correct for pincushion distortion of the convex mirror 16.

Abstract: (Object)

Abstract: It has been difficult to reduce a waste of energy in a fuel cell power generating process when, for example, a temporary rise or drop of a power load occurs. A fuel cell power generation system includes: load detection means 103 of detecting power requested by a load 104; and output control means 102 of accumulating a time at which a detected power requested by the load 104 is equal to or larger than a predetermined value when a fuel cell body 101 does not generate power to be supplied to the load 104, and allowing the fuel cell body 101 to start generating power to be supplied to the load 104 according to a predetermined rule based on an accumulation result.

Abstract: There is provided a vehicle system, including an electromobile having a fuel cell power generator mounted therein, and a predetermined mobile unit jointable to the electromobile, such that cogeneration within the mobile unit can be realized even during the travel of the electromobile. Via a joint section 30, a vehicle 10 including a fuel cell 13 as a source of motive power is jointed to a mobile unit 20 capable of travelling and at least including a storage battery 23 and a water tank 25. The water produced in the fuel cell 13 is recovered by a water recovery section 21 via the joint section 30. The heat produced in the fuel cell 13 is recovered by a heat recovery section 22 via the joint section 30. The recovered water is warmed up with the recovered heat, and thereafter stored in the water tank 25. The hot water stored in the water tank 25 is utilized as hot water to be used for controlling the temperature of the mobile unit 20 or supplied as hot water.

Abstract: A variable speed power tool may include a speed adjusting device and/or a maximum speed adjusting device for adjusting the operating speed, and a fixed operating speed switch. An operator adjustable speed adjusting device having a position maintaining mechanism also may be utilized. When manipulated by the operator, the fixed operating speed switch gives priority to the adjusted position of the speed adjusting device and adjusts the operating speed to a preset operating speed. In the alternative, a switching device and an internal integrated circuit may be utilized to adjust the operating speed to a target speed using feedback control. The switching device preferably selects a voltage corresponding to the target speed from either a voltage representative of the position of the speed adjusting device or a predetermined voltage representative of the present operating speed.

Abstract: In order to realize a catalytic combustion apparatus capable of effectively utilizing radiation from a surface of a catalytic element, providing a higher efficiency of heat exchange, and characterized in superior characteristics of an exhaust gas, a catalytic combustion apparatus according to the invention comprises a catalytic element 7 in the shape of a plate consisting of multiple through-holes for combusting a mixed gas of a fuel gas and air and a combustion chamber 6 accommodating the catalytic element 7, and incorporating a radiated heat receiving plate 11 that is positioned in opposition to either one of two surfaces of the catalytic element 7 as a part of its side walls.

Abstract: A refracting optical lens 15 is provided to project light from transmitting means onto a convex mirror 16 to correct for pincushion distortion of the convex mirror 16.

Abstract: A combustion control method for use in a catalytic combustion system having (a) a gaseous mixture inlet port, located at the upstream side of said catalytic combustion system, for the entrance of a fuel-air mixture; (b) an exhaust gas outlet port, located at the downstream side of said catalytic combustion system, for the exit of an exhaust gas; (c) a primary combustion chamber in which a catalyst body is disposed, said catalyst body being formed of a porous base material with numerous communicating holes that supports thereon an oxidation catalyst; (d) a secondary supply port, located downstream of said primary combustion chamber, for the supply of a gaseous mixture or air; and (e) a secondary combustion chamber located downstream of said secondary supply port; comprising such process that an excess air ratio of said primary combustion chamber is initially set above 1 and after the rate of combustion of said secondary combustion chamber exceeds a given level, combustion is made to take place, with the

Abstract: A combustion apparatus has a fuel supply section; an air blowing section for supplying combustion air; a mixing section for mixing the fuel with the combustion air; a plurality of first catalyst bodies which are arranged substantially in parallel with each other to divide the downstream location in the flow direction of mixture into a plurality of flow paths; and a first heat receiving section configured by a plurality of heat receiving fins arranged in flow paths divided by said first catalyst bodies and a cooling path penetrating the heat receiving fins, the opposed heat receiving fin and first catalyst body being characterized in that the area of the heat receiving fin on the upstream side of said cooling path is smaller than the area of the first catalyst body on the upstream side of the cooling path.

Abstract: In a refrigeration cycle using a flammable refrigerant as a refrigerant and comprising an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, a compressor and an expansion device which are annularly connected to one another through pipes, the refrigeration cycle is provided with a gas sensor and a refrigerant discharge portion, the gas sensor monitors leakage of the refrigerant from the refrigeration cycle to outside, and after the leakage is detected by the gas sensor, the discharge portion is opened to discharge the refrigerant to outside. At that time, the gas sensor is disposed inside a room, and the discharge portion is disposed outside the room. Further, the discharge portion is provided with a fan to facilitate the dispersion of the refrigerant. Further, the discharge portion is provided with a burner portion to discharge out the refrigerant while burning the refrigerant.

Abstract: A waste plastic disposal apparatus (K1-K4) including a storage portion (2) for storing waste plastic; a heating portion (7) for heating the waste plastic, which includes a heater (7b) and a fan (7a); a hot-air circulating path (20) for circulating hot air therethrough, which is defined by the storage portion (2) and the heating portion (7); an exhaust path (10) which branches off from the hot-air circulating path (20); and a deodorizing portion (9) which is provided in the exhaust path in response to intake of a predetermined quantity of external air into the hot-air circulating path (20) per unit time, the hot air in the hot-air circulating path (20) is exhausted in a quantity equal to the predetermined quantity from the exhaust path (10) through the deodorizing portion (9).

Abstract: A catalytic combustor utilizes radioactive heat with a high efficiency, has a radiation wavelength distribution rich in visible ray components, and is excellent in complete combustibility and visual confirmability even in a standby combustion condition. The present invention forms a thin film coat of metal or metal oxide which transmits rays having short wavelengths and reflects rays having long wavelengths on a surface of a transmission window disposed opposite to an upstream surface of a catalyst body. The catalyst body is composed of a metal wire structure having a high aperture ratio and is disposed in a combustion chamber. Furthermore, an auxiliary catalyst body which has a high aperture ratio and a small capacity is disposed in the vicinity of a mixed gas injection port at a location in contact with the mixed gas when the flow rate of the mixed gas is less than a predetermined value.

Abstract: According to a combustion apparatus comprising a mixing unit 3 for preparing a fuel-air mixture by mixing a fuel with combustion air, a first catalytic combustion chamber 4 incorporating a first catalyzer 7 for catalytically burning the mixture and a fin 5 for collecting a thermal energy generated by the catalytic combustion and a second catalytic combustion chamber 12 incorporating a second catalyzer 14 for catalytically burning the mixture that is not catalytically burnt by the first catalyzer 7, an operation of catalytic combustion at a high load can be achieved. An operation for improving characteristics of an exhaust discharged at the time of ignition can be also obtained, as a result, a combustion apparatus reduced in emission of NOx is provided.

Abstract: A combustion apparatus has a fuel feed unit, a blower for supplying combustion air, a mixing unit of fuel and combustion air, a first catalyst provided downstream of the mixing unit, a first heat receiving unit adjacent to the first catalyst, a second catalyst with a large geometrical surface area than that of the first catalyst provided downstream in the flow direction of the first catalyst, an electric heater for heating the catalyst provided downstream of the second catalyst, an air permeable insulator provided downstream of the electric heater, and a second heat receiving unit provided downstream of the air permeable insulator, wherein power is supplied to the electric heater when starting combustion to heat the second catalyst over the reaction temperature of catalyst, a mixed gas of fuel and air is fed to start catalytic combustion of second catalyst, the downstream portion in flow direction of the first catalyst is heated over the reaction temperature of catalyst by the combustion heat of the second ca

Abstract: An annular inward turned flange and a plurality of ribs are integrally molded on an inner peripheral surface of an cylindrical portion formed at an upper portion of a reservoir for a master cylinder. The ribs extend from a lower surface of the flange and are disposed in a distributed manner in a circumferential direction of the flange. An annular flat surface area is formed on an upper surface of the flange, and a tip end of a working oil filler is placed into close contact with the annular flat surface area. Thus, when a working oil is filled under pressure into the master cylinder and its output hydraulic pressure circuit through the reservoir by the working oil filler, the urging force from the working oil filler can be reliably supported, and the deformation of the reservoir by a filling pressure cannot be produced.

Abstract: A waste plastics compacting apparatus has a tubular accommodating container for accommodating waste plastics, a bottom plate sliding up and down inside of the accommodating container for varying an inner volume of said accommodating container, a bag provided beneath said bottom plate, an air pump for inflating or deflating said bag, an outer container provided outside of said accommodating container, a lid for loading and unloading the waste plastics provided above said accommodating container, and a hot air generating part having a heater and a blower.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalytic combustion iron capable of further enhancing the stability of catalyst combustion.

Abstract: A catalyst 1 is provided in a gas passage 4 for communicating between a gas flow-in unit 12 and a gas flow-out unit 13, and the catalyst 1 is heated by a heater 2, and a temperature sensor 3 for detecting the temperature of the heater 2 is provided inside the heater 2. By feeding power to the heater 2, the wall temperature of the heater 2 is raised to heat the catalyst 1, and then malodorous gas containing odor substances is passed in from the gas flow-in unit 12. The malodorous gas passes through the catalyst 1 in the gas passage 4 to be oxidized to be harmless and odorless, and is discharged from the gas flow-out unit 13.

Abstract: A drying apparatus for drying a moist material includes a container having an opening for receiving the material therein. A top cover is provided for closing the opening of the container. A heater and fan are provided on the bottom of the top cover so as to confront to the opening of the container when the top cover is closed. The heater and fan produce and blow a heated air stream toward the material to vaporize the moisture therein. A rotary drive unit is provided under the container to rotates the container for mixing the material. By the mixing operation, the material is stirred such that the inside portion the of material is moved up and is exposed to the heated air stream. The vapor released from the heated material is vent ed to the outside of the apparatus through a ventilation unit.