Abstract: In a process for the heterogeneously catalyzed dehydrogenation in one or more reaction zones of one or more dehydrogenatable C2-C30-hydrocarbons in a reaction gas mixture comprising them, with at least part of the heat of dehydrogenation required being generated directly in the reaction gas mixture in at least one reaction zone by combustion of hydrogen, the hydrocarbon or hydrocarbons and/or carbon in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas, the reaction gas mixture comprising the dehydrogenatable hydrocarbon or hydrocarbons is brought into contact with a Lewis-acid dehydrogenation catalyst which has essentially no Bronsted acidity.

Abstract: A continuously operated heterogeneously catalyzed gas-phase partial oxidation of at least one organic compound in an oxidation reactor is operated safely by a process in which an explosion diagram for the feed gas mixture is deposited as the basis of a cut-out mechanism in a computer.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of acrolein or acrylic acid or a mixture thereof from propane, the propane is subjected, in a first reaction stage, to a partial dehydrogenation under heterogeneous catalysis to give propene, of the components contained in the product gas mixture formed in the first reaction stage other than propene and propane at least a portion of the molecular hydrogen present is then separated off from said mixture and the product gas mixture is then used for the preparation of acrolein and/or acrylic acid by gas-phase catalytic propylene oxidation, molecular nitrogen being present for diluting the reaction gas mixture during the propylene oxidation.

Abstract: Crude acrylic acid is purified batchwise by crystallization by a process which comprises at least one purification stage and at least one stripping stage and in which at least the first stripping stage is carried out in a different crystallizer from the first purification stage.

Abstract: A process for preparing acrylic acid or methacrylic acid comprises (a) preparing a gaseous product mixture having essentially the composition of a reaction mixture of the catalytic gas phase oxidation of C3-/C4-alkanes, -alkenes, -alkanols and/or -alkanals and/or precursors thereof to form acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, characterized by (b) condensing said product mixture, (c) crystallizing acrylic acid or methacrylic acid from the solution obtained in step (b), and (d) removing the resulting crystals from the mother liquor.

Abstract: The present invention provides machine readable media embedded with the three-dimensional molecular structure coordinates of PLP-dependent enzyme, and subsets thereof, including binding pockets, methods of using the structure to identify and design affecters, including inhibitors and activator, mutants of PSH, and compounds and compositions that affect PSH activity.

Abstract: In a process for the purification of a crude acrylic acid melt, the crude acrylic acid melt is converted, under the action of low temperatures, into a crude acrylic acid suspension consisting of acrylic acid crystals and residual melt, and the acrylic acid crystals of the crude acrylic acid suspension are freed from remaining residual melt in a wash column, the production of the acrylic acid crystals of the crude acrylic acid suspension being carried out in the presence of water, the wash column being a wash column with forced transport of the acrylic acid crystals and the wash liquid used being the melt of acrylic acid crystals purified in the wash column.

Abstract: In a process for stabilizing chemical compounds having at least one ethylenically unsaturated bond to undesired free radical polymerization, a nitroxyl radical and a chemical compound containing phosphorus in chemically bonded form are added to the unsaturated compound present as pure substance or as a component of a mixture.

Abstract: A device for planting seeds in the ground having an inlet orifice via which an airstream transporting seeds arrives, an outlet orifice via which the seeds are planted in the ground and a separating device. The separating device includes a grating which lies substantially in the continuation of the airstream and seed inlet orifice so that a maximum of the air escapes through this grating and the seeds are held back.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of acrylic acid, a product gas mixture obtained by catalytic gas-phase oxidation of a C3-precursor of acrylic acid and containing acrylic acid is directly cooled with a quench liquid and then subjected to fractional condensation in a separation column provided with baffles, said product gas mixture ascending into itself and a crude acrylic acid being removed via a side take-off, and the acrylic acid oligomers formed are cleaved and recycled.

Abstract: A seat back for an automotive seat with an integrated protective device and a process for preventing injuries to a seat occupant caused by an accident in the event of a rear-end impact. The seat back features a bottom seat-back part and a top seat-back part that, by means of a torque, pivots around an axis in the seat back that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, out of a position of standard use and into a safety position. To improve the efficiency of such a seat back, it is proposed that the protective device features a device that generates the torque regardless whether the automotive seat is occupied, and means for detecting a rear-end impact, which are actively linked with the torque-generating device in such a way that the device is activated in the event of a rear-end impact and the swinging movement is started.

Abstract: Pure acrylic acid is stored and/or transported by a process in which the pure acrylic acid is stored and/or transported as liquid aqueous solution at ≦15° C.

Abstract: An apparatus is described for the densitometric measurement of printed products such as sheets printed by sheet-fed offset printing machines, having a densitometer measuring head. The head moves along a measurement strip comprising a number of measurement fields and generates signals that are converted into ink density values in a downstream evaluation unit, which is assigned to ink metering zones. The evaluation unit comprising a computer that contains stored information about the arrangement of the measurement fields of the printed colors in each metering zone. The ink density values from one measurement field are compared with the ink density values from neighboring measurement fields of the same color and type in accordance with the known structure of the measurement strip. The invention provides for the simple and fail-safe arrangement of the measurement-field colors in the individual ink metering zones.

Abstract: Unsaturated compounds in hydrocarbon streams are hydrogenated over a catalyst which, in the unused state, shows reflections which correspond to the following lattice plane spacings in the X-ray diffraction pattern [in 10−10m]: 4.52, 2.85, 2.73, 2.44, 2.31, 2.26, 2.02, 1.91, 1.80, 1.54, 1.51, 1.49, 1.45 and 1.39 and have specific relative intensities.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of acrolein by gas-phase partial oxidation under heterogeneous catalysis, a reaction gas starting mixture which contains propene and molecular oxygen in a molar C3H6:O2 ratio of >1 is reacted in reaction zones connected in series, at elevated temperatures, over solid-state catalysts, further molecular oxygen being added to the reaction gas mixture in the course of the partial oxidation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for planting seeds in the ground, comprising an inlet orifice via which an airstream transporting seeds arrives, an outlet orifice via which said seeds are planted in the ground and a device for separating said seeds from the airstream that transports them.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions or aqueous emulsions of copolymers are obtainable by copolymerization of (a) from 20 to 95 mol % of at least one monoethylenically unsaturated C4-C12-dicarboxylic acid or the anhydride thereof with (b) from 5 to 80 mol % of at least one branched oligomer or polymer which has a vinyl, vinylidene or alkylvinylene terminal group and is of at least 9 carbon atoms and (c) from 0 to 50 mol % of at least one further monoethylenically unsaturated compound which is copolymerizable with the monomers (a) and (b) and contain from 0.5 to 70% by weight, based on the total amount of the solutions or emulsions, of these copolymers. These copolymer solutions or emulsions are suitable as leather assistants and as dispersants for pigments.

Abstract: A catalyst packing which can be produced by vapor deposition and/or sputtering of at least one substance active as catalyst and/or promotor onto woven or knitted fabrics or sheets as support material is used in a process for catalytic distillation in which a heterogeneously catalyzed reaction is combined with a simultaneous distillation or rectification over the catalyst packing.

Abstract: A process and a device for producing filtration-active fibers is described. An aqueous suspension is produced from a homopolymer of polyacrylonitrile, polyamide or cellulose acetate and the suspension is heated in a tank to a temperature T which is at least 60° above the boiling point of the water and at least 30° C. below the softening temperature of the polymer. The at least plasticized polymer mass which has been obtained in this way is discharged through at least one nozzle means at least using the autogenous pressure of superheated water. The device calls for that the suspension is prepared in a storage tank, that a mixing tank is connected to the storage tank and is made for heating an aqueous polymer suspension under pressure, and that furthermore there is a nozzle means for discharge of the plasticized polymer mass located at the output of the mixing tank.

Abstract: A process for preparing a compound of the formula I where R1 and R2 are hydrogen or C1-C4-alkyl and R3 is C1-C10-alkyl, phenyl or C1-C4-alkyl-substituted phenyl, comprises reacting a compound II with a compound of the formula III where X is chlorine, bromine or iodine, in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst in one step to give a compound I.