Abstract: A personal virtual agent for journey planning for a user of a vehicle, having a central processing unit, a user interface device for communication with at least one user-specific information memory, a vehicle interface device for communication with at least one vehicle-specific information memory, and a route interface device for communication with at least one information memory for routes. The central processing unit is embodied to take into consideration information from the user-specific information memory and/or information from the vehicle-specific information memory (to receive at least one route from the information memory for routes, and to take into consideration the information from the user-specific information memory and the information from the vehicle-specific information memory to select a route.

Abstract: A personal virtual agent for journey planning for a user of a vehicle, having a central processing unit, a user interface device for communication with at least one user-specific information memory, a vehicle interface device for communication with at least one vehicle-specific information memory, and a route interface device for communication with at least one information memory for routes. The central processing unit is embodied to take into consideration information from the user-specific information memory and/or information from the vehicle-specific information memory (to receive at least one route from the information memory for routes, and to take into consideration the information from the user-specific information memory and the information from the vehicle-specific information memory to select a route.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rotating tool including a support shaft extending in the axial direction along a rotational axis and a tool head connected thereto having a base body extending along the rotational axis and a core, to which a jacket made of a cutting material is placed, wherein the core has a circular cross-section (Q) in the radial direction and a jacket has a specified wall thickness and wherein a number of grooves is made in the jacket in order to form a number of cutting edges.

Abstract: Methylchlorosilanes are synthesized by an at least two stage reaction in which contact composition from a first fluidized bed reactor is fed to a second fluidized bed reactor.

Abstract: Pneumatic conveying of fine solids in the direct synthesis of alkylchlorosilanes conveying gas containing at least 50% by volume of alkyl chloride. The conveying apparatus preferably contains a means for switching conveying gas in the pneumatic conveying of fine solids.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rotating tool including a support shaft extending in the axial direction along a rotational axis and a tool head connected thereto having a base body extending along the rotational axis and a core, to which a jacket made of a cutting material is placed, wherein the core has a circular cross-section (Q) in the radial direction and a jacket has a specified wall thickness and wherein a number of grooves is made in the jacket in order to form a number of cutting edges.

Abstract: Pneumatic conveying of fine solids in the direct synthesis of alkylchlorosilanes conveying gas containing at least 50% by volume of alkyl chloride. The conveying apparatus preferably contains a means for switching conveying gas in the pneumatic conveying of fine solids.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilanes by reaction of chloromethane with a contact composition comprising silicon and copper catalyst, wherein the concentration of oxygen in the chloromethane used is reduced by mixing a) chloromethane which contains oxygen, and b) chloromethane which contains a gaseous boron compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilanes by reaction of chloromethane with a contact composition comprising silicon and copper catalyst, wherein the concentration of oxygen in the chloromethane used is reduced by mixing a) chloromethane which contains oxygen, and b) chloromethane which contains a gaseous boron compound.

Abstract: A process for the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilanes by reaction of chloromethane with a contact composition comprising silicon, copper catalyst and from 10 to 90 ppm of strontium leads to increased selectivity and higher production rate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilanes by reaction of chloromethane with a contact composition comprising silicon, copper catalyst and a total proportion of sodium and potassium of from 10 to 400 ppm.

Abstract: An operating method for an internal combustion engine is described, especially for a motor vehicle, in which, in a first operating mode, fuel is injected preferably for heating a catalytic converter and, in at least one further operating mode, into a combustion chamber. In order to prevent a sudden change in the torque produced by the internal combustion engine during the switchover from/to the first operating mode, a distribution factor influencing torque is taken into account in an actual branch and/or in a setpoint branch of controller of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilanes by reaction of chloromethane with a contact composition comprising silicon, copper catalyst and a total proportion of sodium and potassium of from 10 to 400 ppm.

Abstract: A process for the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilanes by reaction of chloromethane with a contact composition comprising silicon, copper catalyst and from 10 to 90 ppm of strontium leads to increased selectivity and higher production rate.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine (10) is operated in dependence upon operating characteristic variables such as rpm (nmot) of a crankshaft (18), temperature (Tmot) of the internal combustion engine (10) and/or temperature of the intake air (Taev). In the method, a temperature (Taevk) of the inducted air in the combustion chamber (16) is, at least in approximation, obtained from a detected or modeled temperature (Taev) of the inducted air in a region remote from the combustion chamber.

Abstract: An operating method for an internal combustion engine is described, especially for a motor vehicle, in which, in a first operating mode, fuel is injected preferably for heating a catalytic converter and, in at least one further operating mode, into a combustion chamber. In order to prevent a sudden change in the torque produced by the internal combustion engine during the switchover from/to the first operating mode, a distribution factor influencing torque is taken into account in an actual branch and/or in a setpoint branch of controller of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine (10) is operated in dependence upon operating characteristic variables such as rpm (nmot) of a crankshaft (18), temperature (Tmot) of the internal combustion engine (10) and/or temperature of the intake air (Taev). In the method, a temperature (Taevk) of the inducted air in the combustion chamber (16) is, at least in approximation, obtained from a detected or modeled temperature (Taev) of the inducted air in a region remote from the combustion chamber.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a combustion chamber, a crankshaft and inlet and outlet valves. The engine is operated with a method wherein a fresh air charge (rl) of the combustion chamber and the engine rpm (nmot) are considered when computing a pressure (ps) in a region lying upstream of the inlet valve. The computation is done by utilizing at least one of thermodynamic equations and flow equations at at least one discrete time point during a work cycle of the engine. Or, a pressure (ps) in the above region and the rpm (nmot) of the crankshaft are considered when computing the fresh air charge (rl) of the combustion chamber by utilizing one of thermodynamic equations and flow equations at at least one discrete time point during a work cycle of the engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a combustion chamber, a crankshaft and inlet and outlet valves. The engine is operated with a method wherein a fresh air charge (rl) of the combustion chamber and the engine rpm (nmot) are considered when computing a pressure (ps) in a region lying upstream of the inlet valve. The computation is done by utilizing at least one of thermodynamic equations and flow equations at at least one discrete time point during a work cycle of the engine. Or, a pressure (ps) in the above region and the rpm (nmot) of the crankshaft are considered when computing the fresh air charge (rl) of the combustion chamber by utilizing one of thermodynamic equations and flow equations at at least one discrete time point during a work cycle of the engine.

Abstract: A valve flow characteristic line is adapted by weighting the valve position as an input variable using a variable offset value. To calculate a robust model of the intake manifold pressure, a modeled partial pressure of the recirculated exhaust gas is determined so that it differs as little as possible from the actual partial pressure of the recirculated exhaust gas. To do so, a modeled partial pressure of the recirculated exhaust gas is derived from a flow characteristic of a valve in an exhaust gas recirculating line as a function of the valve position. The modeled partial pressure of the recirculated exhaust gas derived from the flow characteristic is corrected adaptively as a function of the difference between the modeled intake manifold pressure and a measured intake manifold pressure.