Abstract: A valve flow characteristic line is adapted by weighting the valve position as an input variable using a variable offset value. To calculate a robust model of the intake manifold pressure, a modeled partial pressure of the recirculated exhaust gas is determined so that it differs as little as possible from the actual partial pressure of the recirculated exhaust gas. To do so, a modeled partial pressure of the recirculated exhaust gas is derived from a flow characteristic of a valve in an exhaust gas recirculating line as a function of the valve position. The modeled partial pressure of the recirculated exhaust gas derived from the flow characteristic is corrected adaptively as a function of the difference between the modeled intake manifold pressure and a measured intake manifold pressure.

Abstract: A continuous process for the direct synthesis of silanes of the formula

Abstract: A continuous process for the direct synthesis of silanes of the formula 1 RaSiCl4−a  (1) involves reacting finely divided silicon metal with R—Cl in a fluidized bed, where R is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl and a is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, where a product stream comprising gaseous silanes of the formula 1, further gaseous reaction products, unreacted RCl and silicon-containing dust is discharged from the fluidized bed, wherein at least part of the dust is introduced in the form of a suspension in a liquid selected from among liquid silanes of the formula 1, further liquid reaction products and mixtures thereof, into the fluidized bed.

Abstract: In the process for the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilanes from chloromethane and silicon in the presence of a copper catalyst and promoter, the reaction mixture comprising chloromethane, methylchlorosilanes, and dust-like components comprising copper, promoter and silicon are removed continuously. The dust-like components are separated from the reaction mixture and cooled with liquid chloromethane.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous process for the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilanes by reacting chloromethane with a catalyst composition comprising silicon, zinc promoter and copper catalyst which is selected from a) copper oxide, b) mixtures of at least 80% by weight of copper oxide and copper(I) chloride, c) copper(I) chloride and d) mixtures of at least 80% by weight of copper(I) chloride and copper oxide, where copper catalysts a), b), c) or d) are employed alternately in such a way that copper catalyst a) or b) is followed by c) or d), or copper catalyst c) or d) is followed by copper catalyst a) or b).