Abstract: A catheter system for accessing the central venous system through an occlusion in the neck region.

Abstract: A catheter system for accessing the central venous system through an occlusion in the neck region.

Abstract: Some of the present methods include, and some embodiments of the present systems are configured for gaining access to a patient's vessel by way of the vessel (i.e. from the inside out). Some embodiments facilitate gaining access to an occluded vessel, where part of the access path is through the occlusion.

Abstract: Some of the present methods include, and some embodiments of the present systems are configured for gaining access to a patient's vessel by way of the vessel (i.e. from the inside out). Some embodiments facilitate gaining access to an occluded vessel, where part of the access path is through the occlusion.

Abstract: A catheter system for accessing the central venous system through an occlusion in the neck region.

Abstract: A catheter system for accessing the central venous system through an occlusion in the neck region.

Abstract: A catheter system and method of use for re-establishing venous access near an occluded vessel.

Abstract: Some of the present methods include, and some embodiments of the present systems are configured for gaining access to a patient's vessel by way of the vessel (i.e. from the inside out). Some embodiments facilitate gaining access to an occluded vessel, where part of the access path is through the occlusion.

Abstract: A catheter system and method of use for re-establishing venous access near an occluded vessel.

Abstract: A catheter system and method of use for re-establishing venous access near an occluded vessel.

Abstract: A catheter system for accessing the central venous system through an occlusion in the neck region.

Abstract: A catheter system for accessing the central venous system through an occlusion in the neck region.

Abstract: A catheter system for accessing the central venous system through an occlusion in the neck region.

Abstract: A catheter system and method of use for re-establishing venous access near an occluded vessel.

Abstract: A lead connector including a connector element array is fitted into a selected adaptor from a plurality of adaptors to electrically couple one or more elements of the connector element array, corresponding to one or more selected electrodes from an array of lead electrodes, to one or more contact zones of the selected adaptor in order to facilitate electrical connection with an implantable medical device.

Abstract: A lead connector including a connector element array is fitted into a selected adaptor from a plurality of adaptors to electrically couple one or more elements of the connector element array, corresponding to one or more selected electrodes from an array of lead electrodes, to one or more contact zones of the selected adaptor in order to facilitate electrical connection with an implantable medical device.

Abstract: A method of tuning or trimming a flexure stage to substantially constrain a workpiece carried by the flexure stage's free end from moving along an axis of motion that does not contain a desired path of free end travel. In the case of an XY flexure stage, measures are incorporated into the flexure stage to prevent simple out-of-plane motion (either linear or non-linear), rolling, pitching, or combinations of all three, as well as out-of-axis motion where desired. A preferred tuning technique begins with initially aligning the flexure stage's actuator so that its highest off-axis force component extends as much as possible within the plane of desired motion, followed by positioning the actuator on the flexure stage so as to eliminate as much as possible simple out-of-plane motion and accompanied if necessary by incorporating additional measures to eliminate as much as possible roll or pitch motion and residual simple out-of-plane motion.

Abstract: A probe-based surface characterization or metrology instrument such as a scanning probe microscope (SPM) or a profilometer is controlled to account for errors in the vertical positioning of its probe and errors in detecting the vertical position of its probe while scanning over relatively large lateral distances. Accounting for these errors significantly improves the measurement of vertical dimensions. These errors are accounted for by subtracting reference scan data acquired from the scanned sample from measurement scan data. The measurement scan data is obtained from an area that includes the feature of interest as well as a portion of a reference area which is preferably located near to the feature of interest and which is preferably featureless. The reference scan data is obtained from an area that includes the reference area and that preferably excludes the features of interest.

Abstract: A feedback control system for enhancing the feedback loop characteristics of a vertical axis control in a scanning tunneling microscope or the like, including a tip member for positioning relative to a surface for measuring the topography of the surface. A horizontal control coupled to the tip for providing a plurality of adjacent horizontal scans across the surface. A vertical control coupled to the tip for providing a vertical control of the tip during the plurality of adjacent horizontal scans. A local error signal produced in accordance with the vertical position of the tip relative to the surface in real time during the plurality of adjacent horizontal scans.

Abstract: An atomic force microscope in which a probe tip is oscillated at a resonant frequency and at amplitude setpoint and scanned across the surface of a sample, which may include an adsorbed water layer on its surface, at constant amplitude in intermittent contact with the sample and changes in phase or in resonant frequency of the oscillating are measured to determine adhesion between the probe tip and the sample. The setpoint amplitude of oscillation of the probe is greater than 10 nm to assure that the energy in the lever arm is much higher than that lost in each cycle by striking the sample surface, thereby to avoid sticking of the probe tip to the sample surface. In one embodiment the probe tip is coated with an antibody or an antigen to locate corresponding antigens or antibodies on the sample as a function of detected variation in phase or frequency.