Abstract: A process for producing calcium hypochlorite from lime containing insoluble impurities comprises reacting the lime with an aqueous solution of hypochlorous acid to form a reaction mixture comprised of coarse dibasic calcium hypochlorite crystals and fine insolubles comprised of fine dibasic calcium hypochlorite crystals, insoluble impurities, and unreacted lime. Coarse dibasic calcium hypochlorite crystals are separated from the reaction mixture, leaving a slurry comprised of an aqueous calcium hypochlorite solution containing fine insolubles. The slurry of fine insolubles is separated and the resulting clarified aqueous calcium hypochlorite solution is used to wash occluded fine insolubles from the coarse dibasic crystals. The resulting wash solution is combined with fine insolubles and the resulting slurry is reacted with hypochlorous acid and filtered to remove insoluble lime impurities.

Abstract: A composition suitable for sanitizing water bodies consists of a mixture in compressed form of trichloroisocyanuric acid and an alkali metal bicarbonate. The mixture has a molar ratio of alkali metal bicarbonate to trichloroisocyanuric acid of from about 3:1 to about 1:1 and a moisture content of less than 0.2 percent by weight of the mixture.The novel compositions, for example in tablet form, rapidly dissolve in water bodies such as swimming pools, spas and hot tubs to provide high concentrations of available chlorine for sanitizing the water. The compositions effervesce during dissolution and are resistant to thermal decomposition.

Abstract: A process is described for the production of dibasic magnesium hypochlorite which comprises reacting a magnesium salt with an aqueous slurry of a crystalline hypochlorite salt in a reaction mixture containing a chloride ion source. The aqueous slurry has a solids content of from about 10 to about 90 percent by weight of a hypochlorite salt such as an alkali metal hypochlorite or calcium hypochlorite. The process provides a dibasic magnesium hypochlorite product which is readily separated.Dibasic magnesium hypochlorite, Mg(OCl).sub.2.2Mg(OH).sub.2 is useful in bleaching and sanitizing applications.

Abstract: Chlorine-containing gases which may be formed in containers of solid chloroisocyanurates such as trichloroisocyanuric are adsorbed and decomposed by a gas scavenging agent consisting essentially of an alkaline earth metal sulfate, an alkali metal bicarbonate, and carbon. The gas scavenging agent is preferably contained in a gas permeable package which is enclosed in the container. The scavenging agent adsorbs mositure, adsorbs and decomposes nitrogen trichloride, removes chlorine, and neutralizes hydrogen chloride gases formed. Harmful build-up of noxious gases and the reduction of gas pressures within containers for solid chloroisocyanurates is achieved.

Abstract: A highly pure cyanuric acid produced by pyrolyzing a nitrogenous containing material capable of yielding cyanuric acid, such as urea, in an alkyl dinitrile solvent such as adiponitrile, at elevated temperatures, is disclosed. The overall process converts substantially all of the urea to cyanuric acid and cyanuric acid derivatives which are capable of being converted into trichloroisocyanuric acid and similar compounds, while allowing substantially complete recovery of the nitrile solvent for reuse.

Abstract: Cyanuric acid is produced in a process in which a solution of urea or biuret is pyrolyzed by contacting the solution with a heated gas at temperatures which substantially pyrolyze urea or biuret while concurrently evaporating the solvent.The novel process simplifies solvent recovery, reduces solvent losses and has reduced requirements for processing equipment.

Abstract: A process is described for cleaning water containing devices, for example, conventional home flush toilet bowls. Dibasic magnesium hypochlorite is dissolved in the water in the flush tank and thereafter delivered to the bowl when the toilet is flushed. This technique minimizes the deposition of scale on the toilet flush tank and the toilet bowl surface in contact with the water.

Abstract: A process for the production of polychloroisocyanuric acids in which a depressant is added to the reaction mixture. The polychloroisocyanuric acid particles produced have improved filterability and the formation of foam during the reaction is greatly reduced. Depressants employed are alkali metal salts of alkyl esters or sulfonated alkyl esters of dicarboxylic acids or ethylene oxide terminated alkoxylated alcohols having a cloud point of up to about 50.degree. C.

Abstract: Calcium hypochlorite compositions useful as bleaching agents and disinfectants are produced by the reaction of solid granular hydrated lime and a solid granular alkali metal hydroxide with chlorine gas. The process takes place in the absence of a solvent and produces dry, free-blowing Ca(OCl).sub.2 compositions.

Abstract: A process for preparing hypochlorous acid in a sweep reactor is described in which gaseous chlorine is passed rapidly across the surface of an agitated aqueous solution of alkali metal hydroxide at a reduced temperature. The resulting gaseous product mixture of hypochlorous acid, chlorine monoxide, and unreacted chlorine is conveyed from the reactor to a suitable scrubber to produce an aqueous hypochlorous acid solution.The aqueous reaction product of the sweep reactor is a suspension of alkali metal chloride in alkali metal hypochlorite, which is withdrawn and filtered to separate the solid. The clarified aqueous solution of alkali metal hypochlorite is reacted with the aqueous hypochlorous acid solution from the scrubber, chlorine and lime to form an aqueous slurry of calcium hypochlorite. This slurry may be granulated by the spray graining technique, for example, to produce strong rounded granules of calcium hypochlorite.

Abstract: A process for preparing hypochlorous acid is described in which gaseous chlorine is reacted with an aqueous solution of alkali metal hydroxide in a finely divided mist form at an elevated temperature sufficient to prevent condensation of the gaseous product. Gaseous hypochlorous acid product is immediately separated from the resulting solid alkali metal chloride as it is formed and is then scrubbed with water to form an aqueous hypochlorous acid solution. This solution may be reacted with lime to produce calcium hypochlorite.

Abstract: Alkali metal dichloroisocyanurate compositions having improved resistance to thermal decomposition comprise an alkali metal dichloroisocyanurate and a proportion of an alkali metal chloride where the proportion is from about 6 to about 14 percent by weight of the alkali metal dichloroisocyanurate. Water may be used to replace part of the alkali metal chloride proportion.The compositions are suitable for use in bleaching and sanitizing applications.

Abstract: The present invention describes a solid calcium hypochlorite composition comprising calcium hypochlorite and about 0.5% to about 50% by weight of substantially water-insoluble and unchlorinated magnesium compounds, said magnesium compounds being derived from impure hydrated lime. Furthermore, the present invention describes a process for making this composition, which is an improvement in the known process for the manufacture of a solid calcium hypochlorite composition wherein an aqueous slurry comprising a hydrated lime, a mixture of hydrated lime and at least one alkali metal hydroxide, or a mixture of hydrated lime and at least one alkali metal hypochlorite, is chlorinated to form an aqueous chlorinated slurry containing calcium hypochlorite and further processing said chlorinated slurry to recover a solid calcium hypochlorite composition.

Abstract: Calcium hypochlorite compositions useful as bleaching agents and disinfectants are produced by the reaction of solid granular quicklime with a gaseous mixture of dichlorine monoxide and an inert gas. The process takes place in the absence of a solvent and produces dry, free-flowing Ca(OCl).sub.2 compositions.

Abstract: Alkali metal salts of dichloroisocyanuric acid are produced by the reaction of a monoalkali metal cyanurate with an alkali metal hypochlorite and chlorine in an aqueous medium while maintaining the pH of the reaction mixture in the range of from about 6.0 to about 7.5 and recovering the solid alkali metal dichloroisocyanurate produced thereby.The products are useful as bleaching or sanitizing agents.

Abstract: A process for the production of dibasic magnesium hypochlorite comprises the reaction of a solid magnesium salt and a solid hypochlorite where one of the solid reactants is in the hydrate form. The process produces dibasic magnesium hypochlorite with excellent recovery of chlorine values and with reduced requirements for the disposal of solutions containing available chlorine.Dibasic magnesium hypochlorite, Mg(OCl).sub.2 . 2 Mg(OH).sub.2 is useful in bleaching and sanitizing applications.

Abstract: Trichloroisocyanuric acid is produced by the reaction of a symmetrical triazine compound selected from the group consisting of ammelide, chlorosubstituted ammelide, ammeline and chlorosubstituted ammeline, with dichlorine monoxide in a gaseous mixture with a diluent gas. The gaseous mixture is comprised of from about 1 to about 30 percent by volume of dichlorine monoxide.

Abstract: A process for preparing anhydrous metal fluorides is described wherein metal is reacted with HF and halogen in the presence of a nitrile.

Abstract: Alkali metal salts of dichloroisocyanuric acid are produced by the reaction of a monoalkali metal cyanurate with hypochlorous acid while maintaining the pH of the reaction mixture in the range of from about 6.0 to about 7.5 and recovering the solid alkali metal dichloroisocyanurates produced thereby.The products are useful as bleaching or sanitizing agents.

Abstract: A process for preparing hypochlorous acid in a sweep reactor is described in which gaseous chlorine is passed rapidly across the surface of an agitated aqueous solution of .[.alkali metal.]. .Iadd.sodium .Iaddend.hydroxide at a reduced temperature. The resulting gaseous product mixture of hypochlorous acid, chlorine monoxide, and unreacted chlorine is conveyed from the reactor to a suitable scrubber to produce an aqueous hypochlorous acid solution.The aqueous reaction product of the sweep reactor is a suspension of .[.alkali metal.]. .Iadd.sodium .Iaddend.chloride in .[.alkali metal.]. .Iadd.sodium .Iaddend.hypochlorite, which is withdrawn and filtered to separate the solid. The clarified aqueous solution of .[.alkali metal.]. .Iadd.sodium .Iaddend.hypochlorite is reacted with the aqueous hypochlorous acid solution from the scrubber, chlorine and lime to form an aqueous slurry of calcium hypochlorite.