Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an amino sugar selected from the group consisting of N-acetylglucosamine, glucosamine, or a combination thereof. The method comprises culturing a yeast in a culture medium and recovering N-acetylglucosamine, glucosamine, or a combination thereof, wherein the yeast comprises an exogenous nucleic acid sequence encoding glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase operably linked to a promoter. The invention also provides a genetically modified yeast that produces an amino sugar selected from the group consisting of N-acetylglucosamine, glucosamine, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: The invention pertains to compositions containing glucosamine and organic acids, methods of making such compositions and methods of using such compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to integrating at least two processes that use at least one acid, wherein one process utilizes an ion-exchange purification step.

Abstract: Glucosamine suitable for human or animal consumption is disclosed. The glucosamine is derived from fungal biomass containing chitin. Various methods of producing glucosamine by acid hydrolysis of fermented fungal biomass are also disclosed.

Abstract: Glucosamine suitable for human or animal consumption is disclosed. The glucosamine is derived from microbial biomass containing chitin. Suitable starting materials include substantially uniform microbial fungal sources, such as fungal sources derived from Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Mucor sp. and combinations thereof. Methods of producing glucosamine by acid hydrolysis of fermented fungal biomass are also disclosed.

Abstract: Glucosamine suitable for human or animal consumption is disclosed. The glucosamine is derived from microbial biomass containing chitin. Suitable starting materials include substantially uniform microbial fungal sources, such as fungal sources derived from Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Mucor sp. and combinations thereof. Methods of producing glucosamine by acid hydrolysis of fermented fungal biomass are also disclosed.

Abstract: A highly deacetylated chitosan obtained from microbial biomass, a method of obtaining chitosan from microbial biomass, and biomass for making chitosan are disclosed. The method includes providing chitin-containing biomass; reacting the chitin-containing biomass in a caustic solution of greater than 25 percent alkali at a reaction temperature greater than 95° C. for a reaction period of at least 10 hours to convert the chitin in the biomass to chitosan; and separating the chitosan from the caustic solution.