Abstract: Systems, devices and methods for advanced electrode management in neurological monitoring applications include receiving sockets configured to receive connectors having groups of electrodes. The physician is not required to manually map each electrode with its corresponding input channel. Electrodes are coupled to the corresponding input channels in groups through connectors having a unique identification (ID). The system is configured to read the unique ID of each connector and establish its identity. Based on the ID, the system configures itself to automatically correlate or associate each electrode with its corresponding input channel when the connectors are first inserted into the receiving sockets, and again if the connectors are removed and re-inserted into different positions in the receiving sockets, to insure the electrodes are always mapped to the same input channels.

Abstract: The present specification discloses an intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) system including a computing device capable of executing an IONM software engine, a stimulation module having multiple ports and various stimulation components and recording electrodes. The system is used to implement transcranial electrical stimulation and motor evoked potential monitoring by positioning at least one recording electrode on a patient, connecting the stimulation components to at least one port on the stimulation module, positioning the stimulation components on a patient's head, activating, using the IONM software engine, at least one port, delivering stimulation to the patient; and recording a stimulatory response on the patient.

Abstract: An intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) system for identifying and assessing neural structures comprises at least one probe, at least one reference electrode, at least one strip or grid electrode, at least one sensing electrode, and a stimulation module. Threshold responses determined by stimulation during a surgical procedure are used to identify and assess functionality of neural structures. The identified neural structures are avoided and preserved while diseased or damaged tissue is resected during said surgical procedure.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods are described for neuromonitoring. A minimum stimulus signal required to elicit a threshold neuromuscular response is determined by delivery of stimulus signals to tissue and detection of neuromuscular responses in muscle tissue. The strength of the delivered stimulus signals is varied, for example by adjusting the current amplitude or pulse width of the signals, and muscle responses are measure, for example by detecting EMG signals. The delivered stimuli and corresponding responses are then used to determine a stimulation threshold. The stimulation threshold may be used to indicate at least one of nerve proximity and pedicle integrity.

Abstract: Systems, devices and methods are provided for neuromonitoring, particularly neuromonitoring to reduce the risks of contacting or damaging nerves or causing patient discomfort during and after surgical procedures, including spinal surgeries. The neuromonitoring procedures include monitoring for the presence of or damage to sensory nerves, and optionally includes additional monitoring for motor nerves. In some systems, including systems that monitor for both sensory and motor nerves, components of the monitoring systems (e.g., stimulating electrodes and response sensors), may be combined with one or more surgical instruments. The systems, devices, and methods provide for pre-surgical assessment of neural anatomy and surgical planning, intraoperative monitoring of nerve condition, and post-operative assessment of nerve position and health.

Abstract: Systems, devices and methods for advanced electrode management in neurological monitoring applications include receiving sockets configured to receive connectors having groups of electrodes. The physician is not required to manually map each electrode with its corresponding input channel. Electrodes are coupled to the corresponding input channels in groups through connectors having a unique identification (ID). The system is configured to read the unique ID of each connector and establish its identity. Based on the ID, the system configures itself to automatically correlate or associate each electrode with its corresponding input channel when the connectors are first inserted into the receiving sockets, and again if the connectors are removed and re-inserted into different positions in the receiving sockets, to insure the electrodes are always mapped to the same input channels.

Abstract: Systems, devices and methods are provided for neuromonitoring, particularly neuromonitoring to reduce the risks of contacting or damaging nerves or causing patient discomfort during and after surgical procedures, including spinal surgeries. The neuromonitoring procedures include monitoring for the presence of or damage to sensory nerves, and optionally includes additional monitoring for motor nerves. In some systems, including systems that monitor for both sensory and motor nerves, components of the monitoring systems (e.g., stimulating electrodes and response sensors), may be combined with one or more surgical instruments. The systems, devices, and methods provide for pre-surgical assessment of neural anatomy and surgical planning, intraoperative monitoring of nerve condition, and post-operative assessment of nerve position and health.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods are described for neuromonitoring. A minimum stimulus signal required to elicit a threshold neuromuscular response is determined by delivery of stimulus signals to tissue and detection of neuromuscular responses in muscle tissue. The strength of the delivered stimulus signals is varied, for example by adjusting the current amplitude or pulse width of the signals, and muscle responses are measure, for example by detecting EMG signals. The delivered stimuli and corresponding responses are then used to determine a stimulation threshold. The stimulation threshold may be used to indicate at least one of nerve proximity and pedicle integrity.

Abstract: Systems, devices and methods for advanced electrode management in neurological monitoring applications include receiving sockets configured to receive connectors having groups of electrodes. The physician is not required to manually map each electrode with its corresponding input channel. Electrodes are coupled to the corresponding input channels in groups through connectors having a unique identification (ID). The system is configured to read the unique ID of each connector and establish its identity. Based on the ID, the system configures itself to automatically correlate or associate each electrode with its corresponding input channel when the connectors are first inserted into the receiving sockets, and again if the connectors are removed and re-inserted into different positions in the receiving sockets, to insure the electrodes are always mapped to the same input channels.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for mapping the location of a nerve. The apparatus includes at least one stimulation module, a stimulation detection module, a distance module, and a mapping module. The stimulation module stimulates a nerve with an electrical stimulation current from at least one stimulation electrode. A stimulation detection module detects a muscle reaction resulting from stimulation of the nerve by the at least one stimulation electrode. The distance module uses information from the at least one stimulation electrode and from the stimulation detection module to calculate a distance between the at least one stimulation electrode and the nerve. The mapping module maps a location on the nerve using at least two distances calculated by the distance module and position information of the at least one stimulation electrode for each of the at least two distances calculated.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for mapping the location of a nerve. The apparatus includes at least one stimulation module, a stimulation detection module, a distance module, and a mapping module. The stimulation module stimulates a nerve with an electrical stimulation current from at least one stimulation electrode. A stimulation detection module detects a muscle reaction resulting from stimulation of the nerve by the at least one stimulation electrode. The distance module uses information from the at least one stimulation electrode and from the stimulation detection module to calculate a distance between the at least one stimulation electrode and the nerve. The mapping module maps a location on the nerve using at least two distances calculated by the distance module and position information of the at least one stimulation electrode for each of the at least two distances calculated.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods are described for neuromonitoring. A minimum stimulus signal required to elicit a threshold neuromuscular response is determined by delivery of stimulus signals to tissue and detection of neuromuscular responses in muscle tissue. The strength of the delivered stimulus signals is varied, for example by adjusting the current amplitude or pulse width of the signals, and muscle responses are measure, for example by detecting EMG signals. The delivered stimuli and corresponding responses are then used to determine a stimulation threshold. The stimulation threshold may be used to indicate at least one of nerve proximity and pedicle integrity.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods are described for neuromonitoring. A minimum stimulus signal required to elicit a threshold neuromuscular response is determined by delivery of stimulus signals to tissue and detection of neuromuscular responses in muscle tissue. The strength of the delivered stimulus signals is varied, for example by adjusting the current amplitude or pulse width of the signals, and muscle responses are measure, for example by detecting EMG signals. The delivered stimuli and corresponding responses are then used to determine a stimulation threshold. The stimulation threshold may be used to indicate at least one of nerve proximity and pedicle integrity.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for mapping the location of a nerve. The apparatus includes at least one stimulation module, a stimulation detection module, a distance module, and a mapping module. The stimulation module stimulates a nerve with an electrical stimulation current from at least one stimulation electrode. A stimulation detection module detects a muscle reaction resulting from stimulation of the nerve by the at least one stimulation electrode. The distance module uses information from the at least one stimulation electrode and from the stimulation detection module to calculate a distance between the at least one stimulation electrode and the nerve. The mapping module maps a location on the nerve using at least two distances calculated by the distance module and position information of the at least one stimulation electrode for each of the at least two distances calculated.

Abstract: Systems, devices and methods are described for physiological monitoring, for example monitoring EEG signals to detect the onset or probability of adverse events. The systems, devices and methods discussed herein may monitor received EEG signals to identify trends or patterns in the signal that are either indicative of ongoing seizures or indicative of a future risk of seizure. The systems, devices and methods provide the user with increased control and flexibility in the monitoring processes that produce the alerts. In particular, in some implementations the physician is able to make adjustments during monitoring and customize the process by which EEG data is displayed and analyzed during the patient monitoring without pausing the monitoring to make the adjustments.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for mapping the location of a nerve. The apparatus includes at least one stimulation module, a stimulation detection module, a distance module, and a mapping module. The stimulation module stimulates a nerve with an electrical stimulation current from at least one stimulation electrode. A stimulation detection module detects a muscle reaction resulting from stimulation of the nerve by the at least one stimulation electrode. The distance module uses information from the at least one stimulation electrode and from the stimulation detection module to calculate a distance between the at least one stimulation electrode and the nerve. The mapping module maps a location on the nerve using at least two distances calculated by the distance module and position information of the at least one stimulation electrode for each of the at least two distances calculated.

Abstract: Systems, devices and methods are provided for neuromonitoring, particularly neuromonitoring to reduce the risks of contacting or damaging nerves or causing patient discomfort during and after surgical procedures, including spinal surgeries. The neuromonitoring procedures include monitoring for the presence of or damage to sensory nerves, and optionally includes additional monitoring for motor nerves. In some systems, including systems that monitor for both sensory and motor nerves, components of the monitoring systems (e.g., stimulating electrodes and response sensors), may be combined with one or more surgical instruments. The systems, devices, and methods provide for pre-surgical assessment of neural anatomy and surgical planning, intraoperative monitoring of nerve condition, and post-operative assessment of nerve position and health.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods are described for neuromonitoring. A minimum stimulus signal required to elicit a threshold neuromuscular response is determined by delivery of stimulus signals to tissue and detection of neuromuscular responses in muscle tissue. The strength of the delivered stimulus signals is varied, for example by adjusting the current amplitude or pulse width of the signals, and muscle responses are measure, for example by detecting EMG signals. The delivered stimuli and corresponding responses are then used to determine a stimulation threshold. The stimulation threshold may be used to indicate at least one of nerve proximity and pedicle integrity.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for mapping the location of a nerve. The apparatus includes at least one stimulation module, a stimulation detection module, a distance module, and a mapping module. The stimulation module stimulates a nerve with an electrical stimulation current from at least one stimulation electrode. A stimulation detection module detects a muscle reaction resulting from stimulation of the nerve by the at least one stimulation electrode. The distance module uses information from the at least one stimulation electrode and from the stimulation detection module to calculate a distance between the at least one stimulation electrode and the nerve. The mapping module maps a location on the nerve using at least two distances calculated by the distance module and position information of the at least one stimulation electrode for each of the at least two distances calculated.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for creating an electrical connection with an electrically conductive element. The apparatus includes a first contact element having an engagement surface for engaging a first side of the electrically conductive element and a second contact element positioned opposite the first contact element includes an opposing engagement surface for engaging a second side of the electrically conductive element. The first contact element is slideable past the second contact element to form a scissor-like jaw. A valley formed in at least one of the engagement surface and the opposing engagement surface of the first and second contact elements creates a stage. At least one of the first and the second contact elements are made of an electrically conductive material that conducts an electrical current between the electrically conductive element and at least one of the first and second contact elements.