Abstract: Methods and systems for detecting vehicle crash events using real-time sensor data are disclosed. In some embodiments, an application executing on a computing device disposed in a vehicle receives a stream of time-series data from one or more motion sensors during a drive. For each contiguous interval of a first predefined length, the application generates a crash prediction indicative of whether a crash occurred during that interval. Generating the crash prediction includes executing a crash detection neural network on sensor data collected over a time period that comprises the interval and has a second, greater predefined length. For each crash prediction, the application determines whether the prediction meets one or more predefined threshold criteria. In response to meeting the criteria, the application generates a crash analysis using the corresponding sensor data.

Abstract: Information defining a plurality of states, a plurality of transitions, an initial state, and a final state is received from a user. The user may also provide additional information including pre-conditions and post-conditions for one or more transitions. Context information including one or more context variables and context variable values is generated based on the information provided by the user. A first plurality of possible paths between the initial state and the final state is automatically identified, wherein each path traverses at least one state and at least one transition. A second plurality of paths is identified from among the plurality of paths, based on the context information and the pre-conditions defined by the user. A Q-value is determined for each path in the second plurality of paths, using the rewards. A path having a highest Q-value is selected and presented to the user as a BPM. An acceptance or rejection of the proposed BPM is received from the user.

Abstract: One or more trenches in a silicon substrate have an electrically active surface at a trench base and metal layer disposed on the electrically active surface. Precursor materials are disposed and/or formed on the metal layer in the trench. An anode is patterned either exclusively in the 3D trench or in the 3D trench, sidewalls and field of the substrate, where the anode patterning transforms and/or moves the precursor materials in the trench into some novel compositions of matter and other final operational structures for the device, e.g. layers of metallic Lithium for energy storage and different concentrations of Lithium-silicon species in the substrate. A multi-faceted mechanism is disclosed for Al2O3 silicon interfacial additives. When the anode is patterned both in and outside the 3D wells, Al2O3 provides an for electron-conductive Li-metal interface that enables homogenous plating on both the insulated substrate field as well as active silicon trench base where Al2O3 acts as a barrier to Li—Si diffusion.

Abstract: One or more trenches in a silicon substrate have an electrically active surface at a trench base and metal layer disposed on the electrically active surface. Precursor materials are disposed and/or formed on the metal layer in the trench. An anode is patterned either exclusively in the 3D trench or in the 3D trench, sidewalls and field of the substrate, where the anode patterning transforms and/or moves the precursor materials in the trench into some novel compositions of matter and other final operational structures for the device, e.g. layers of metallic Lithium for energy storage and different concentrations of Lithium-silicon species in the substrate. A multi-faceted mechanism is disclosed for Al2O3 silicon interfacial additives. When the anode is patterned both in and outside the 3D wells, Al2O3 provides an for electron-conductive Li-metal interface that enables homogenous plating on both the insulated substrate field as well as active silicon trench base where Al2O3 acts as a barrier to Li—Si diffusion.

Abstract: Techniques for measuring extrinsic crash risk are provided. In some examples, a plurality of segments are instantiated in a road segment datastore, with each segment corresponding to a physical road segment in a geographic area and including segment attributes derived from digital map data as well as a risk attribute. From the digital map data, pairs of physical road segments that intersect are determined such that each pair has a corresponding pair of segments in the road segment datastore, and each segment is included in at least one pair. A connection between each segment in each pair is created in the datastore comprising connectivity attributes derived from the digital map data. Based on the segment attributes for a segment, as well as the one or more paired segments and their connectivity attributes, the risk attribute for each segment is updated in the road segment datastore.

Abstract: Making a rechargeable Lithium energy storage device begins by forming one or more trenches in a solid silicon substrate. One or more region interface precursors are deposited in the trench followed by one or more anode materials, one or more solid polymer electrolytes (SPE), and one or more cathode materials. Electrically cycling transforms the battery structures prior to full operation of the battery. Some, or all, of the process steps can be performed while the materials are within the trench, i.e. in-situ.

Abstract: A method of forming a solid-state lithium ion rechargeable battery may include depositing a metal layer onto a top surface of a substrate, depositing a handle layer onto a top surface of the metal layer, wherein a portion of the handle layer overlaps the metal layer and the substrate, spalling a portion of the substrate thereby forming a spalled substrate layer, porosifying the spalled substrate layer thereby forming a porous substrate layer, depositing an electrolyte layer onto a top surface of the porous substrate layer, wherein the electrolyte layer is in direct contact with the porous substrate layer, and depositing a cathode onto a top surface of the electrolyte layer. The method may include depositing a cathode contact layer onto a top surface of the cathode, wherein the cathode contact layer is in direct contact with the cathode. The porous substrate layer may be made of silicon.

Abstract: A semiconductor device structure and method for forming the same is disclosed. The structure incudes a silicon substrate having at least one trench disposed therein. An electrical and ionic insulating layer is disposed over at least a top surface of the substrate. A plurality of energy storage device layers is formed within the one trench. The plurality of layers includes at least a cathode-based active electrode having a thickness of, for example, at least 100 nm and an internal resistance of, for example, less than 50 Ohms/cm2. The method includes forming at least one trench in a silicon substrate. An electrical and ionic insulating layer(s) is formed and disposed over at least a top surface of the silicon substrate. A plurality of energy storage device layers is formed within the trench. Each layer of the plurality of energy storage device layers is independently processed and integrated into the trench.

Abstract: Electrolytic interior surface treatment apparatus (100) for the electrolytic treatment of an internal surface (102) of a metallic pipe (1) includes at least two oppositely polarised electrodes (3, 4). The apparatus (100) includes: an electrically insulating centralisation arrangement (106) to keep, in use, the electrodes (3, 4) centred within the pipe (1); and an electrically insulating flexible connection arrangement (104) located between the two electrodes (3, 4) to permit movement of one electrode relative to the other. The centralisation arrangement (106) includes a plurality of spaced apart centralisation devices (5, 6). Each centralisation device (5, 6) includes an electrically insulating mounting (7) for mounting the respective centralisation device (5, 6) to the apparatus (100). Each centralisation device (5, 6) includes a plurality of flexible elements (108), each of which is fixed to the mounting (7) and extends outwardly from the mounting (7).

Abstract: The invention provides electrochemical surface treatment apparatus (100) for the treatment of radioactively contaminated internal surfaces of a pipe (1). The apparatus (100) includes an electrode device (102). The device (102) includes an electrode (4), which, in use, is located in electrolyte liquid (2) within the pipe (1) adjacent a treatment surface (104) to be treated with a gap (106) defined between the electrode (4) and the treatment surface (104). The apparatus (100) includes a circulation arrangement (108). The electrode (4) defines an internal passage (110). In use, the circulation arrangement (108) causes a recirculating flow of electrolyte liquid (2) through the gap (106) in one direction and along the passage (110) in an opposite direction.

Abstract: A composition includes an electrode made of Lithium Manganese Oxyfluoride (LMOF). A single layer separator adheres to a surface of the electrode, is a dielectric that is conductive for Lithium ions but not electrons, and has top and bottom sides. A solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) saturates the electrode so that the LMOF is between 55 percent and 85 percent by mass of a composition of the LMOF electrode and the SPE is between 7.5 percent and 20 percent by mass of the composition of the LMOF electrode. The SPE saturates the separator so that the SPE resides both on the separator top and bottom sides so that the SPE residing on the separator top side contacts the surface. The LMOF exhibits X-Ray Diffraction spectrum peaks between twenty-two and twenty-four 2-theta degrees, between forty-eight and fifty 2-theta degrees, between fifty-four and fifty-six 2-theta degrees, and between fifty-six and fifty-eight 2-theta degrees.

Abstract: A system and method for automated and closed cell culture system. The system includes a disposable assembly, actuators, sensors, software/firmware and smart device App. The disposable includes fresh media, drug or reagents containers, waste container, sample out containers, cell culture flask, well, bag or bioreactor and active or passive pumping elements. The system is expanded to multiple containers cell or organ processing. In all these precisely controlling the fluids are achieved by interdigitated differential capacitance measurements. The system has provision for imaging, machine vision control, controlled over the internet, volume metering and can use wide variety of pumps for actuation. The system is programmed to perform cGMP protocols and operated as a portable instrument.

Abstract: Gravity-driven microfluidic system provides unidirectional physiological flow in cells, organs, multi-organs and organoids culture. Such gravity-driven flow is integrated in multi-organ system on a plate or multi-organ system on a chip to provide recirculations that simulates blood flow in humans. In addition, mechanical actuations on the organs provide true human on a chip or true human on a plate platform. Stretching of the organ substrate using gas at controlled pressure profile provides muscular stimulation and culturing the stretched organ at air/media or gas/liquid interface is useful for organ simulations.

Abstract: A system and method for array system for cells, organoids and organs culture and testing. The system includes a disposable chips and systems with actuators, sensors, software/firmware and smart device App. The disposable includes standard well plates, custom well plates, T-flasks, microfluidic chips. The system includes vascular fluidics using gravity-driven flow and pneumatic flow, media, reagents, protein and collagen dispensers in wells or surfaces, manufacturing techniques for multi-layer chips and plates and culture system with gas and media control.

Abstract: A silicon-based electrode forms an interface with a layer pair being: 1. a thin, semi-dielectric layer made of a lithium (Li) compound, e.g. lithium fluoride, LiF, disposed on and adheres to the electrode surface of the silicon-based electrode and 2. an molten-ion conductive layer of a lithium containing salt (lithium salt layer) disposed on the semi-dielectric layer. One or more device layers can be disposed on the layer pair to make devices such as energy storage devices, like batteries. The interface has a low resistivity that reduces the energy losses and generated heat of the devices.

Abstract: Information defining a plurality of states, a plurality of transitions, an initial state, and a final state is received from a user. The user may also provide additional information including pre-conditions and post-conditions for one or more transitions. Context information including one or more context variables and context variable values is generated based on the information provided by the user. A first plurality of possible paths between the initial state and the final state is automatically identified, wherein each path traverses at least one state and at least one transition. A second plurality of paths is identified from among the plurality of paths, based on the context information and the pre-conditions defined by the user. A Q-value is determined for each path in the second plurality of paths, using the rewards. A path having a highest Q-value is selected and presented to the user as a BPM. An acceptance or rejection of the proposed BPM is received from the user.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the electrochemical removal of material from a surface in which two or more fluid jets or flows are arranged to impinge on the surface of the object and an electrical current flows through one fluid flow path, through the object, and then through a second fluid flow path.

Abstract: An energy storage device sits within a trench with electrically insulated sides within a substrate. Within the trench there is an anode, an electrolyte disposed on the anode, and a cathode structure disposed on the electrolyte. Variations of an electrically conductive contact are disposed on and in electrical contact with the cathode structure. At least part of the conductive contact is disposed within the trench and the conductive contact partially seals the anode, electrolyte, and cathode structure within the trench. Conductive and/or non-conductive adhesives are used to complete the seal thereby enabling full working electrochemical devices where singulation of the devices from the substrate enables high control of device dimensionality and footprint.

Abstract: An energy storage device is provided that includes a pre-lithiated silicon based anode and a carbon nanotube based cathode. The pre-lithiated silicon anode has a porous region and a non-porous region. The full cell energy storage device has high electrochemical performance which exhibits greater 200 rechargeable cycles with less than 25% after 10 charge discharge cycles relative to the first discharge cycle, a maximum specific discharge capacity greater than 300 mAh/g and a specific capacity of greater than 100 mAh/g for over 130 cycles. Such an energy storage device is scalable for a wide array of applications due to its wafer level processing and silicon-based substrate integrability.