Abstract: An exchange computer system configured to continuously, securely, dynamically, and efficiently generate and disseminate implied correlation index values is described. The exchange computer system may include at least one communication interface that is configured to receive, via a computer network, data related to a stock market index option, data related to a plurality of stocks, and data related to a plurality of stock options. The exchange computer system may further include at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium configured to store data received over particular periods of time, and an index engine including at least one hardware processor that is configured to continuously generate and disseminate implied correlation index values for display on a plurality of user computing devices that are connected via the computer network, and that are configured to facilitate trading of financial instruments related to the implied correlation index via a graphical user interface.

Abstract: Systems and apparatuses are disclosed that include an RF generator configured to generate RF signals having a wavelength. Amplifiers are configured to receive and amplify the RF signals from the RF generator and are separated from each other by a separation distance in a range between about 0.2 times the wavelength and about 10.0 times the wavelength. A power management system is configured to control one or more of the amplifiers based on information received that is associated with the RF signals.

Abstract: Systems and apparatuses are disclosed that include an RF generator configured to generate RF signals having a wavelength. Amplifiers are configured to receive and amplify the RF signals from the RF generator and are separated from each other by a separation distance in a range between about 0.2 times the wavelength and about 10.0 times the wavelength. A power management system is configured to control one or more of the amplifiers based on information received that is associated with the RF signals.

Abstract: Systems and apparatuses are disclosed that include an RF generator configured to generate RF signals having a wavelength. Amplifiers are configured to receive and amplify the RF signals from the RF generator and are separated from each other by a separation distance in a range between about 0.2 times the wavelength and about 10.0 times the wavelength. A power management system is configured to control one or more of the amplifiers based on information received that is associated with the RF signals.

Abstract: Systems and apparatuses are disclosed that include a modular power amplifier having a power amplifier subsystem with a first 90 degree hybrid block configured to receive an RF signal and output a split RF signal with components having a 90 degree phase shift, a second 90 degree hybrid block configured to receive and combine the split RF signal by removing the 90 degree phase shift, a high-power amplifier configured to amplify at least one of the components of the split RF signal. The modular power amplifier also includes a power distribution module configured to regulate an amount of power input to the high-power amplifier and a power sequencer configured to control the timing of power delivery by the power distribution module. Three-dimensional power amplifiers having a first high-power amplifier and a second high-power amplifier having different orientations causing a reduction in electromagnetic interference are also disclosed.

Abstract: Systems and apparatuses are disclosed that include an RF generator configured to generate RF signals having a wavelength. Amplifiers are configured to receive and amplify the RF signals from the RF generator and are separated from each other by a separation distance in a range between about 0.2 times the wavelength and about 10.0 times the wavelength. A power management system is configured to control one or more of the amplifiers based on information received that is associated with the RF signals.

Abstract: Systems and apparatuses are disclosed that include a modular power amplifier having a power amplifier subsystem with a first 90 degree hybrid block configured to receive an RF signal and output a split RF signal with components having a 90 degree phase shift, a second 90 degree hybrid block configured to receive and combine the split RF signal by removing the 90 degree phase shift, a high-power amplifier configured to amplify at least one of the components of the split RF signal. The modular power amplifier also includes a power distribution module configured to regulate an amount of power input to the high-power amplifier and a power sequencer configured to control the timing of power delivery by the power distribution module. Three-dimensional power amplifiers having a first high-power amplifier and a second high-power amplifier having different orientations causing a reduction in electromagnetic interference are also disclosed.

Abstract: Systems and apparatuses are disclosed that include an RF generator configured to generate RF signals having a wavelength. Amplifiers are configured to receive and amplify the RF signals from the RF generator and are separated from each other by a separation distance in a range between about 0.2 times the wavelength and about 10.0 times the wavelength. A power management system is configured to control one or more of the amplifiers based on information received that is associated with the RF signals.

Abstract: An investment instrument based on a range of index values is disclosed that allows investors to take risk positions relative to the size, or length, of the range. The investment instrument has a monetary value that increases as the index value increases within a low range interval of the range, decreases as the index value increases within a high range interval of the range, and is fixed or capped if the index value falls within a middle range interval of the range. Typically, one settlement amount will be zero and the other will be an amount greater than the investment instrument price.

Abstract: An investment instrument based on a range of index values is disclosed that allows investors to take risk positions relative to the size, or length, of the range. The investment instrument has a monetary value that increases as the index value increases within a low range interval of the range, decreases as the index value increases within a high range interval of the range, and is fixed or capped if the index value falls within a middle range interval of the range. Typically, one settlement amount will be zero and the other will be an amount greater than the investment instrument price.

Abstract: An investment instrument based on a range of index values is disclosed that allows investors to take risk positions relative to the size, or length, of the range. The investment instrument has a monetary value that increases as the index value increases within a low range interval of the range, decreases as the index value increases within a high range interval of the range, and is fixed or capped if the index value falls within a middle range interval of the range. Typically, one settlement amount will be zero and the other will be an amount greater than the investment instrument price.

Abstract: A method of creating and trading derivative contracts based on a statistical property reflecting a volatility of an underlying asset is disclosed. Typically, an underlying asset is chosen to be a base of a volatility derivative and a processor calculates a value of the statistical property reflecting an average volatility of price returns of the underlying asset over a predefined period. A trading facility display device coupled to a trading platform then displays the volatility derivative based on the value of the statistical property reflecting the volatility of the underlying asset and the trading facility transmits volatility derivative quotes from liquidity providers over at least one dissemination network.

Abstract: An investment instrument based on a range of index values is disclosed that allows investors to take risk positions relative to the size, or length, of the range. The investment instrument has a monetary value that increases as the index value increases within a low range interval of the range, decreases as the index value increases within a high range interval of the range, and is fixed or capped if the index value falls within a middle range interval of the range. Typically, one settlement amount will be zero and the other will be an amount greater than the investment instrument price.

Abstract: An investment instrument based on a range of index values is disclosed that allows investors to take risk positions relative to the size, or length, of the range. The investment instrument has a monetary value that increases as the index value increases within a low range interval of the range, decreases as the index value increases within a high range interval of the range, and is fixed or capped if the index value falls within a middle range interval of the range. Typically, one settlement amount will be zero and the other will be an amount greater than the investment instrument price.

Abstract: A method of creating and trading derivative contracts based on a statistical property reflecting a volatility of an underlying asset is disclosed. Typically, an underlying asset is chosen to be a base of a volatility derivative and a processor calculates a value of the statistical property reflecting an average volatility of price returns of the underlying asset over a predefined period. A trading facility display device coupled to a trading platform then displays the volatility derivative based on the value of the statistical property reflecting the volatility of the underlying asset and the trading facility transmits volatility derivative quotes from liquidity providers over at least one dissemination network.

Abstract: A system and method for creating a limited risk derivative based on a realized variance of an underlying equity is disclosed. In one implementation, a limited risk derivative product includes a capped value for a statistical property reflecting a variance of the underlying equity is calculated based on a pari-mutuel action. The capped value comprises a dynamic value and a cap. The dynamic value reflects an average volatility of prices returns of the underlying equity over a predefined period of time and the cap reflects a maximum value of the dynamic value. The limited risk derivative product additionally includes an average of a summation of each squared daily return of the underlying equity included in the value for the statistical property reflecting the variance of the underlying equity.

Abstract: A method of creating and trading derivative contracts based on a statistical property reflecting a variance of an underlying asset is disclosed. Typically, an underlying asset is chosen to be a base of a variance derivative and a processor calculates a value of the statistical property reflecting an average volatility of price returns of the underlying asset over a predefined period. A trading facility display device coupled to a trading platform then displays the variance derivative based on the value of the statistical property reflecting the volatility of the underlying asset and the trading facility transmits variance derivative quotes from liquidity providers over at least one dissemination network.