Abstract: A method and apparatus for redirecting a wireless communication unit (113) from a LTE cell to a neighboring 3G or 2G cell for the purposes of performing a procedure which is available in the 2G or 3G cell but not available in the LTE cell includes the provision of an additional LTE access point (109) within the coverage area of an LTE macrocell. The additional LTE access point (109) is arranged to capture a wireless communication unit (113) which is camped onto the LTE macrocell and redirect it to a 3G/2G cell irrespective of whether or not a better service may be provided in the 2G/3G cell. The invention has application to presence detection where collection of wireless communication units' and subscribers' IDs for such a purpose is possible in 3G and 2G cells but not in LTE cells.

Abstract: A presence service can be provided by an access point 101 serving a small cell 100 by rejecting a request for registration from a user equipment 103 after acquiring its IMSI and sending the IMSI to a presence database 105. The user equipment determines if the cell is a presence cell by comparing the cell's location area code (LAC) with LACs stored in a list and looking for a match. It the cell is a presence cell then the user equipment, rather than placing the LAC in a forbidden list, re-tries registration again but only after a pre-set time period of 5-10 minutes has elapsed. This has the advantage that a presence service can be notified of subscribers who linger in a particular area or return to that area at regular intervals.

Abstract: A presence service can be provided by an access point 101 serving a small cell 100 by rejecting a request for registration from a user equipment 103 after acquiring its IMSI and sending the IMSI to a presence database 105. The user equipment determines if the cell is a presence cell by comparing the cell's location area code (LAC) with LACs stored in a list and looking for a match. It the cell is a presence cell then the user equipment, rather than placing the LAC in a forbidden list, re-tries registration again but only after a pre-set time period of 5-10 minutes has elapsed. This has the advantage that a presence service can be notified of subscribers who linger in a particular area or return to that area at regular intervals.

Abstract: A TAI (Tracking Area Identifier) assigned to a small, ‘presence’ cell (106), which is different from that assigned to a neighbouring cell (101), forces a User Equipment (105) entering the presence cell's coverage area to attempt to register with the presence cell. The presence cell forwards the registration request (which includes the UE's temporary subscriber identity and the identity of the most recently serving Mobility Management Entity) to an additional network node (107) that appears as a Mobility Management Entity to other MMEs in the network. The network node then generates a request for the permanent subscriber identity of the UE and sends it to the most recently serving MME (103). The received permanent identity can be forwarded to a presence analytics server (108) for presence purposes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for redirecting a wireless communication unit (113) from a LTE cell to a neighbouring 3G or 2G cell for the purposes of performing a procedure which is available in the 2G or 3G cell but not available in the LTE cell includes the provision of an additional LTE access point (109) within the coverage area of an LTE macrocell. The additional LTE access point (109) is arranged to capture a wireless communication unit (113) which is camped onto the LTE macrocell and redirect it to a 3G/2G cell irrespective of whether or not a better service may be provided in the 2G/3G cell. The invention has application to presence detection where collection of wireless communication units' and subscribers' IDs for such a purpose is possible in 3G and 2G cells but not in LTE cells.

Abstract: A method and network elements for obtaining a subscriber identity of a User Equipment (105) being served by a LTE cell (104) exploits a conventional handover procedure by generating a “fake” handover request at the LTE (source) cell (104) designating a 3G cell (102) as the target. The target 3G cell is arranged to forward the subscriber identity which is included in a relocation request message received from a core network (107) to the LTE cell and to send a relocation failure message back to the core network.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for facilitating identification of a cell in a cellular communication system and particularly a system which incorporates different radio access technologies. A network element such as a Radio Network Controller (RNC) includes a store containing a neighbor cell list, the neighbor cell list containing parameters relating to neighbor cells wherein parameters of cells in the neighbor cell list which have a common area of coverage and which support radio access technologies different from one another are linked together. A signal processor correlates measurement reports received by the RNC from a user equipment with the neighbor cell list to determine the identity of a cell in the cellular communication system. The invention has particular applicability to resolving the problem of Primary Scrambling Code confusion where a repeating pattern of small cells lies underneath a macrocell.

Abstract: A TAI (Tracking Area Identifier) assigned to a small, ‘presence’ cell (106), which is different from that assigned to a neighbouring cell (101), forces a User Equipment (105) entering the presence cell's coverage area to attempt to register with the presence cell. The presence cell forwards the registration request (which includes the UE's temporary subscriber identity and the identity of the most recently serving Mobility Management Entity) to an additional network node (107) that appears as a Mobility Management Entity to other MMEs in the network. The network node then generates a request for the permanent subscriber identity of the UE and sends it to the most recently serving MME (103). The received permanent identity can be forwarded to a presence analytics server (108) for presence purposes.

Abstract: A method and network elements for obtaining a subscriber identity of a User Equipment (105) being served by a LTE cell (104) exploits a conventional handover procedure by generating a “fake” handover request at the LTE (source) cell (104) designating a 3G cell (102) as the target. The target 3G cell is arranged to forward the subscriber identity which is included in a relocation request message received from a core network (107) to the LTE cell and to send a relocation failure message back to the core network.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for facilitating identification of a cell in a cellular communication system and particularly a system which incorporates different radio access technologies. A network element such as a Radio Network Controller (RNC) includes a store containing a neighbor cell list, the neighbor cell list containing parameters relating to neighbor cells wherein parameters of cells in the neighbor cell list which have a common area of coverage and which support radio access technologies different from one another are linked together. A signal processor correlates measurement reports received by the RNC from a user equipment with the neighbor cell list to determine the identity of a cell in the cellular communication system. The invention has particular applicability to resolving the problem of Primary Scrambling Code confusion where a repeating pattern of small cells lies underneath a macrocell.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the surprising discovery that a hard, low energy epoxysilicone/organic epoxy coating can be generated that can be easily sanded, easily repaired and are chemically stable to the marine environment. The invention reveals the use of epoxy functional siloxanes that chemically bond with an organic epoxy polymer and a polyfunctional amine or amide to form block copolymer networks with the silicone distributed through the entire matrix. The coating thus generated can be applied directly over most hull substrates, anticorrosion coatings or as a repair over itself.

Abstract: Low temperature hydrosilylaltion reactions to create silicone release coatings utilizing hydridosiloxanes that are branched due to the incorporation of T or Q units, and the inclusion of MH terminal units. The hydridosiloxanes of the present invention provide for faster reaction at low temperatures while providing the optimal MH to DHratio and maintaining the required physical properties of the desired polymer product. The silicone release coatings of the present invention are valuable for use on heat-sensitive supports or films.

Abstract: Hydrosilation catalysts are provided in the form of platinum-MQ siloxanes. The platinum-MQ siloxane catalyst can be made directly from platinum-complexes containing at least one ligand and the desired MQ siloxane resin. The platinum-MQ siloxane catalyst can be employed as hydrosilation catalysts to make curable organopolysiloxane compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel low temperature thermal, solventless silicone release coatings for temperature sensitive films. The invention utilizes novel hydridosiloxane crosslinking fluid and hydrosilylation catalyst in conjunction with standard additives, which produce curable polysiloxane release coatings on temperature sensitive films.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions comprising (I) a silicone-based coating component susceptible to misting under mist-producing conditions; and (II) an anti-misting amount of at least one branched polysiloxane of reduced molecular weight and viscosity. The invention also relates to a process for coating a substrate with the above coating formulation, as well as hardened silicone-based coatings or films produced by subjecting the coated substrate to one or more curing steps.

Abstract: The invention relates to a branched polysiloxane composition of reduced molecular weight and viscosity of particular use as mist suppressants in silicone-based paper release coatings. The invention also relates to methods for producing these branched polysiloxane compositions of reduced viscosity.

Abstract: A hydrido-silicone resin is incompletely reacted with an olefin under hydrosilylation conditions to produce a partially substituted hydrido-silicone that is further reacted under hydrosilylation conditions with a vinyl containing silicone to consume the remaining hydride species to produce a composition that is useful as an anti-mist agent in the coating of flexible supports.

Abstract: A hydrido-silicone is incompletely reacted with (preferably) a long chain olefin under hydrosilylation conditions to produce a partially substituted hydrido-silicone that is further reacted under hydrosilylation conditions with a vinyl containing MQ resin to partially consume the remaining hydride species which is then reacted under hydrosilylation conditions to consume the remaining hydride species with a long chain olefin to produce a composition that is useful as an anti-mist agent in the coating of flexible supports.

Abstract: A branched organosiloxane compound contains a siloxane core and one or more hydrocarbon-terminated branches attached to the core, is useful as a component in personal care compositions.

Abstract: The cross-linked hydrosilylation reaction product of an alkenyl functional silicone compound, a silylhydride functional silicone compound, and one or more allyl started, hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or acyl terminated polyether compounds exhibits stability, compatibility with polar organic solvents and is useful as a component in personal care compositions.