Abstract: Synthesis gas containing nitrogen as the majority component is processed to increase the hydrogen to carbon dioxide ratio. Nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and other contaminants are subsequently removed by a purification unit to produce a purified hydrogen gas stream. A recycle stream within the purification unit helps achieve a hydrogen purity greater than 99.9 percent, and hydrogen recovery greater than 99 percent.

Abstract: An adaptive bidding system for networked advertising. A bid request is received from an exchange over a network. Each bid request represents the opportunity to bid on an advertising opportunity. A processing time limit is determined based at least in part on a network latency measurement and an exchange reported timeout. The execution of one or more tasks is initiated by the adaptive bidding system. A response is determined from one or more results which are available before the processing time limit expires. The execution of any tasks that have not completed execution before the processing time limit expires are terminated. The response is provided to the exchange.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is operated at fuel-rich conditions by adjusting one or more operating parameters such as, for example, a throttle, an ignition timing, a load coupled to the engine, a fuel pressure, power to a supercharger, and power to a preheater to maintain a specified engine speed and a temperature of an exhaust gas. Operating the engine under these conditions allows the engine to function as a reformer producing a synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

Abstract: Protected audience selection system. Media consumption histories of browsers which have converted are received at a modeling system where targeting of browsers is prohibited. A model is built by determining a frequency of each respective media consumption event among the histories and comparing each determined frequency of a respective media consumption event to a frequency of the respective media consumption event among a population of browsers without the conversion event. The model is sent to a targeting system which excludes conversion events. A description of the conversion event is received at the targeting system. A history of a targetable browser is received at the targeting system. The model is applied to the history of the targetable browser at the targeting system, where conversion events have been excluded from the history. Advertising content is sent to the targetable browser according to a result of applying the model.

Abstract: Synthesis gas containing nitrogen as the majority component is processed to increase the hydrogen to carbon dioxide ratio. Nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and other contaminants are subsequently removed by a purification unit to produce a purified hydrogen gas stream. A recycle stream within the purification unit helps achieve a hydrogen purity greater than 99.9 percent, and hydrogen recovery greater than 99 percent.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is operated at fuel-rich conditions by adjusting one or more operating parameters such as, for example, a throttle, an ignition timing, a load coupled to the engine, a fuel pressure, power to a supercharger, and power to a preheater to maintain a specified engine speed and a temperature of an exhaust gas. Operating the engine under these conditions allows the engine to function as a reformer producing a synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

Abstract: An adaptive bidding system for networked advertising. A bid request is received from an exchange over a network. Each bid request represents the opportunity to bid on an advertising opportunity. A processing time limit is determined based at least in part on a network latency measurement and an exchange reported timeout. The execution of one or more tasks is initiated by the adaptive bidding system. A response is determined from one or more results which are available before the processing time limit expires. The execution of any tasks that have not completed execution before the processing time limit expires are terminated. The response is provided to the exchange.

Abstract: Protected audience selection system. Media consumption histories of browsers which have converted are received at a modeling system where targeting of browsers is prohibited. A model is built by determining a frequency of each respective media consumption event among the histories and comparing each determined frequency of a respective media consumption event to a frequency of the respective media consumption event among a population of browsers without the conversion event. The model is sent to a targeting system which excludes conversion events. A description of the conversion event is received at the targeting system. A history of a targetable browser is received at the targeting system. The model is applied to the history of the targetable browser at the targeting system, where conversion events have been excluded from the history. Advertising content is sent to the targetable browser according to a result of applying the model.

Abstract: An adaptive bidding system for networked advertising. A bid request is received from an exchange over a network. Each bid request represents the opportunity to bid on an advertising opportunity. A processing time limit is determined based at least in part on a network latency measurement and an exchange reported timeout. The execution of one or more tasks is initiated by the adaptive bidding system. A response is determined from one or more results which are available before the processing time limit expires. The execution of any tasks that have not completed execution before the processing time limit expires are terminated. The response is provided to the exchange.

Abstract: Protected audience selection system. Media consumption histories of browsers which have converted are received at a modeling system where targeting of browsers is prohibity. A model is built by determining a frequency of each respective media consumption event among the histories and comparing each determined frequency of a respective media consumption event to a frequency of the respective media consumption event among a population of browsers without the conversion event. The model is sent to a targeting system which excludes conversion events. A description of the conversion event is received at the targeting system. A history of a targetable browser is received at the targeting system. The model is applied to the history of the targetable browser at the targeting system, where conversion events have been excluded from the history. Advertising content is sent to the targetable browser according to a result of applying the model.

Abstract: Preserving privacy related to networked media consumption activity. Privacy zones are defined and associated with privacy standards. Privacy standards include frequency criteria governing the storage of datasets including information associated with networked media consumption activity collected from the privacy zone. Transaction requests are received over a network from a client device at a location by a networked privacy system. The privacy zone associated with the client device is identified. A dataset can be created including information associating the networked media consumption activity. The dataset is processed to comply with the privacy standards. The processed dataset can be stored in a database on a physical storage device at a storage location coupled to the networked privacy system.

Abstract: An adaptive bidder for networked advertising. A bid request is received from an exchange over a network. Each bid request represents the opportunity to bid on an advertising opportunity. A processing time limit is determined based at least in part on a network latency measurement, an exchange reported timeout and a bid response buffer. The network latency measurement may be required to meet a freshness standard. The bid response buffer represents the time allotted for the adaptive bidding system to generate a response based on one or more partial results. The exchange reported timeout value can be included in the bid request, and can vary from bid request to bid request. The execution of one or more tasks is initiated by the adaptive bidding system, and each task can make a partial result available. In some cases, a partial result is a cumulative result. A response is determined from one or more partial results which are available before the processing time limit expires.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is operated at fuel-rich conditions by adjusting one or more operating parameters such as, for example, a throttle, an ignition timing, a load coupled to the engine, a fuel pressure, power to a supercharger, and power to a preheater to maintain a specified engine speed and a temperature of an exhaust gas. Operating the engine under these conditions allows the engine to function as a reformer producing a synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

Abstract: Synthesis gas containing nitrogen as the majority component is processed to increase the hydrogen to carbon dioxide ratio. Nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and other contaminants are subsequently removed by a purification unit to produce a purified hydrogen gas stream. A recycle stream within the purification unit helps achieve a hydrogen purity greater than 99.9 percent, and hydrogen recovery greater than 99 percent.

Abstract: Protected audience selection system. Media consumption histories of browsers which have converted are received at a modeling system where targeting of browsers has been disabled by excluding targeting labels. A model is built by determining a frequency of each respective media consumption event among the histories and comparing each determined frequency of a respective media consumption event to a frequency of the respective media consumption event among a population of browsers without the conversion event. The model is sent to a targeting system which excludes conversion events. A description of the conversion event is received at the targeting system. A history of a targetable browser is received at the targeting system. The model is applied to the history of the targetable browser at the targeting system in the absence of records of conversion events. Advertising content is sent to the targetable browser according to a result of applying the model.

Abstract: Preserving privacy related to networked media consumption activity. Source privacy zones are defined and associated with privacy standards Privacy standards include frequency criteria governing the storage of datasets including information associated with networked media consumption activity collected from the source privacy zone. Transaction requests including a networking protocol address are received over a network from a client device at a target location by a networked privacy system. The source privacy zone associated with the client device is identified. Using the networking protocol address to access characteristics having characteristic value(s), a dataset can be created including associating the networked media consumption activity with the characteristic and characteristic value(s). The dataset is pre-processed to comply with the privacy standards. The networking protocol address is discarded.

Abstract: Preserving privacy related to networked media consumption activity. Source privacy zones are defined and associated with privacy standards. Privacy standards include frequency criteria governing the storage of datasets including information associated with networked media consumption activity collected from the source privacy zone. Transaction requests including a networking protocol address are received over a network from a client device at a target location by a networked privacy system. The source privacy zone associated with the client device is identified. Using the networking protocol address to access characteristics having characteristic value(s), a dataset can be created including associating the networked media consumption activity with the characteristic and characteristic value(s). The dataset is pre-processed to comply with the privacy standards. The networking protocol address is discarded.

Abstract: An adaptive bidder for networked advertising. A bid request is received from an exchange over a network. Each bid request represents the opportunity to bid on an advertising opportunity. A processing time limit is determined based at least in part on a network latency measurement, an exchange reported timeout and a bid response buffer. The network latency measurement may be required to meet a freshness standard. The bid response buffer represents the time allotted for the adaptive bidding system to generate a response based on one or more partial results. The exchange reported timeout value can be included in the bid request, and can vary from bid request to bid request. The execution of one or more tasks is initiated by the adaptive bidding system, and each task can make a partial result available. In some cases, a partial result is a cumulative result. A response is determined from one or more partial results which are available before the processing time limit expires.

Abstract: Preserving privacy related to networked media consumption activity. Source privacy zones are defined and associated with privacy standards. Privacy standards include frequency criteria governing the storage of datasets including information associated with networked media consumption activity collected from the source privacy zone. Transaction requests including a networking protocol address are received over a network from a client device at a target location by a networked privacy system. The source privacy zone associated with the client device is identified. Using the networking protocol address to access characteristics having characteristic value(s), a dataset can be created including associating the networked media consumption activity with the characteristic and characteristic value(s). The dataset is pre-processed to comply with the privacy standards. The networking protocol address is discarded.

Abstract: Apparatus for integrating a new subsystem with an existing computing architecture, the apparatus includes a first physical interface for receiving data from the existing computing apparatus, a second physical interface for outputting data to the new subsystem; a processing means, and memory having stored thereon a first software module, a plurality of other software modules, and a first stored configuration, wherein the first software module, when executed by the processing means, is configured to read the first stored configuration and to cause the processing means to load a combination of ones of the plurality of other software modules, the combination of ones of the plurality of other software modules and a first subset of the combination of ones of the plurality of other software modules being defined by the first stored configuration, the first subset of the combination being operable, when executed by the processing means, to transform data received at the first physical interface into a form that is co