Abstract: A multimedia extension unit (MEU) is provided for performing various multimedia-type operations. The MEU can be coupled either through a coprocessor bus or a local CPU bus to a conventional processor. The MEU employs vector registers, a vector ALU, and an operand routing unit (ORU) to perform a maximum number of the multimedia operations within as few instruction cycles as possible. Complex algorithms are readily performed by arranging operands upon the vector ALU in accordance with the desired algorithm flowgraph. The ORU aligns the operands within partitioned slots or sub-slots of the vector registers using vector instructions unique to the MEU. At the output of the ORU, operand pairs from vector source or destination registers can be easily routed and combined at the vector ALU. The vector instructions employ special load/store instructions in combination with numerous operational instructions to carry out concurrent multimedia operations on the aligned operands.

Abstract: A routable operand and selectable operation processor multimedia extension unit is employed to draw lines in a video system using an efficient, parallel technique. A first series of integral y pixel values and error values are calculated according to Bresenham's line drawing algorithm. Then, subsequent pixels and error values are calculated in parallel based on the previously calculated values.

Abstract: A multimedia extension unit (MEU) is provided for performing various multimedia-type operations. The MEU can be coupled either through a coprocessor bus or a local CPU bus to a conventional processor. The MEU employs vector registers, a vector ALU, and an operand routing unit (ORU) to perform a maximum number of the multimedia operations within as few instruction cycles as possible. Complex algorithms are readily performed by arranging operands upon the vector ALU in accordance with the desired algorithm flowgraph. The ORU aligns the operands within partitioned slots or sub-slots of the vector registers using vector instructions unique to the MEU. At the output of the ORU, operand pairs from vector source or destination registers can be easily routed and combined at the vector ALU. The vector instructions employ special load/store instructions in combination with numerous operational instructions to carry out concurrent multimedia operations on the aligned operands.

Abstract: A multimedia extension unit (MEU) is provided for performing various multimedia-type operations. The MEU can be coupled either through a coprocessor bus or a local CPU bus to a conventional processor. The MEU employs vector registers, a vector ALU, and an operand routing unit (ORU) to perform a maximum number of the multimedia operations within as few instruction cycles as possible. Complex algorithms are readily performed by arranging operands upon the vector ALU in accordance with the desired algorithm flowgraph. The ORU aligns the operands within partitioned slots or sub-slots of the vector registers using vector instructions unique to the MEU. At the output of the ORU, operand pairs from vector source or destination registers can be easily routed and combined at the vector ALU.

Abstract: A multimedia extension unit (MEU) is provided for performing various multimedia-type operations. The MEU can be coupled either through a coprocessor bus or a local central processing unit (CPU) bus to a conventional processor. The MEU employs vector registers, a vector arithmetic logic unit (ALU), and an operand routing unit (ORU) to perform a maximum number of the multimedia operations within as few instruction cycles as possible. Complex algorithms are readily performed by arranging operands upon the vector ALU in accordance with the desired algorithm flowgraph. The ORU aligns the operands within partitioned slots or sub-slots of the vector registers using vector instructions unique to the MEU. At the output of the ORU, operand pairs from vector source or destination registers can be easily routed and combined at the vector ALU.

Abstract: A multimedia extension unit (MEU) is provided for performing various multimedia-type operations. The MEU may be coupled either through a coprocessor bus or a local CPU bus to a conventional processor. The MEU employs vector registers, a vector ALU, and an operand routing unit (ORU) to perform a maximum number of the multimedia operations within as few instruction cycles as possible. Complex algorithms are readily performed by arranging operands upon the vector ALU in accordance with the desired algorithm flowgraph. The ORU aligns the operands within partitioned slots or sub-slots of the vector registers using vector instructions unique to the MEU. At the output of the ORU, operand pairs from vector source or destination registers may be easily routed and combined at the vector ALU. The vector instructions employ special load/store instructions in combination with numerous operational instructions to carry out concurrent multimedia operations on the aligned operands.

Abstract: A multimedia extension unit (MEU) is provided for performing various multimedia-type operations. The MEU can be coupled either through a coprocessor bus or a local CPU bus to a conventional processor. The MEU employs vector registers, a vector ALU, and an operand routing unit (ORU) to perform a maximum number of the multimedia operations within as few instruction cycles as possible. Complex algorithms are readily performed by arranging operands upon the vector ALU in accordance with the desired algorithm flowgraph. The ORU aligns the operands within partitioned slots or sub-slots of the vector registers using vector instructions unique to the MEU. At the output of the ORU, operand pairs from vector source or destination registers can be easily routed and combined at the vector ALU. The vector instructions employ special load/store instructions in combination with numerous operational instructions to carry out concurrent multimedia operations on the aligned operands.

Abstract: A multimedia extension unit (MEU) is provided for performing various multimedia-type operations. The MEU can be coupled either through a coprocessor bus or a local CPU bus to a conventional processor. The MEU employs vector registers, a vector ALU, and an operand routing unit (ORU) to perform a maximum number of the multimedia operations within as few instruction cycles as possible. Complex algorithms are readily performed by arranging operands upon the vector ALU in accordance with the desired algorithm flowgraph. The ORU aligns the operands within partitioned slots or sub-slots of the vector registers using vector instructions unique to the MEU. At the output of the ORU, operand pairs from vector source or destination registers can be easily routed and combined at the vector ALU. The vector instructions employ special load/store instructions in combination with numerous operational instructions to carry out concurrent multimedia operations on the aligned operands.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method perform an N-point Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on first and second arrays having real and imaginary input values using a processor with a multimedia extension unit (MEU), wherein N is a power of two. The invention repetitively sub-divides the N-point Fourier Transform into N/2-point Fourier Transforms until only a 2-point Fourier Transform remains. Next, it vector processes the 2-point Fourier Transform using the MEU and cumulates the results of the 2-point Fourier Transforms from each of the sub-divided N/2 Fourier Transforms to generate the result of the N-point Fourier Transform.

Abstract: A routable operand and selectable operation processor multimedia extension unit is employed to motion compensate MPEG video using improved vector processing. A vector processing unit executes an add and divide instruction that adds two vector registers and divides the result in a single instruction. This is implemented through loading a first vector register with a first plurality of elements from a source block. A second vector register is then loaded with a second plurality of elements that are adjacent to the first plurality of elements. The add and divide instruction is then executed on the first and second vector registers, yielding an interpolated source element that is stored in a resultant vector register.

Abstract: A multimedia extension unit (MEU) is provided for performing various multimedia-type operations. The MEU can be coupled either through a coprocessor bus or a local CPU bus to a conventional processor. The MEU employs vector registers, a vector ALU, and an operand routing unit (ORU) to perform a maximum number of the multimedia operations within as few instruction cycles as possible. Complex algorithms are readily performed by arranging operands upon the vector ALU in accordance with the desired algorithm flowgraph. The ORU aligns the operands within partitioned slots or sub-slots of the vector registers using vector instructions unique to the MEU. At the output of the ORU, operand pairs from vector source or destination registers can be easily routed and combined at the vector ALU. The vector instructions employ special load/store instructions in combination with numerous operational instructions to carry out concurrent multimedia operations on the aligned operands.

Abstract: A signal represented as a matrix of input values is adaptively filtered using a processor with a multimedia extension unit. A plurality of coefficients are loaded into a first vector register and input values are loaded into a second vector register. Next, for each of the coefficients in the first vector register, (1) a single cycle vector multiply-accumulate operation is performed between the selected coefficient and the input values stored in the second vector register and the result is stored in a third register; (2) a partition-shift on input values in the second vector register is then performed and a new input value is then moved into the second vector register. After each of the four loaded coefficients have been processed, the results are saved and the operation is repeated until all input values in the matrix have been processed.

Abstract: A multimedia extension unit (MEU) is provided for performing various multimedia-type operations. The MEU can be coupled either through a coprocessor bus or a local CPU bus to a conventional processor. The MEU employs vector registers, a vector ALU, and an operand routing unit (ORU) to perform a maximum number of the multimedia operations within as few instruction cycles as possible. Complex algorithms are readily performed by arranging operands upon the vector ALU in accordance with the desired algorithm flowgraph. The ORU aligns the operands within partitioned slots or sub-slots of the vector registers using vector instructions unique to the MEU. At the output of the ORU, operand pairs from vector source or destination registers can be easily routed and combined at the vector ALU. The vector instructions employ special load/store instructions in combination with numerous operational instructions to carry out concurrent multimedia operations on the aligned operands.

Abstract: A multimedia extension unit (MEU) is provided for performing various multimedia-type operations. The MEU can be coupled either through a coprocessor bus or a local CPU bus to a conventional processor. The MEU employs vector registers, a vector ALU, and an operand routing unit (ORU) to perform a maximum number of the multimedia operations within as few instruction cycles as possible. Complex algorithms are readily performed by arranging operands upon the vector ALU in accordance with the desired algorithm flowgraph. The ORU aligns the operands within partitioned slots or sub-slots of the vector registers using vector instructions unique to the MEU. At the output of the ORU, operand pairs from vector source or destination registers can be easily routed and combined at the vector ALU. The vector instructions employ special load/store instructions in combination with numerous operational instructions to carry out concurrent multimedia operations on the aligned operands.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for massaging audio signal perform interpolation, dynamic filtering, and panning on the audio signal represented as a matrix of input values. In the interpolation process, the input values are loaded into first and second vector registers, while fractional coefficients are loaded into a third vector register. Next, the first vector register is subtracted from the second vector register. Additionally, in a single operation, the routine performs a vector multiply operation between the second and third registers and accumulates the result of the vector multiply operation in the second register. The results are saved and the process is repeated until all input values in the matrix have been processed.

Abstract: A routable operand and selectable operation processor multimedia extension unit is employed to stretch pixel bit images in a video system using an efficient, parallel technique. For a series of pixels in a row, a series of interpolation values are established, based on multiples of a reciprocal of a stretch factor. For each interpolation value, the integral portion is used to establish the appropriate two source pixels, and the fractional portion then provides weighting of those pixel values. The various source pixels and interpolation values are routed using the operand routing and operated upon using the vector selectable operations, yielding two destination pixels calculated in parallel.

Abstract: A computer system which includes a DMA controller on the local I/O unit which can be programmed by either the host processor or the local processor. Semaphore flags and lock bits are provided to allow determination of control of the local DMA controller and for passing information. Additionally, data alignment and padding circuitry is provided. The circuitry is informed of the logical data arrangement desired or utilized by the host processor or other devices and knows the data arrangement of the local processor. The circuitry properly obtains and realigns the data based on the transfer direction and data arrangement. The circuitry further properly zero pads the data when realignment is such that padding is necessary.

Abstract: A multimedia extension unit (MEU) is provided for performing various multimedia-type operations. The MEU can be coupled either through a coprocessor bus or a local central processing unit (CPU) bus to a conventional processor. The MEU employs vector registers, a vector arithmetic logic unit (ALU), and an operand routing unit (ORU) to perform a maximum number of the multimedia operations within as few instruction cycles as possible. Complex algorithms are readily performed by arranging operands upon the vector ALU in accordance with the desired algorithm flowgraph. The ORU aligns the operands within partitioned slots or sub-slots of the vector registers using vector instructions unique to the MEU. At the output of the ORU, operand pairs from vector source or destination registers can be easily routed and combined at the vector ALU.

Abstract: A computer system which includes a DMA controller on the local I/O unit which can be programmed by either the host processor or the local processor. Semaphore flags and lock bits are provided to allow determination of control of the local DMA controller and for passing information. Additionally, data alignment and padding circuitry is provided. The circuitry is informed of the logical data arrangement desired or utilized by the host processor or other devices and knows the data arrangement of the local processor. The circuitry properly obtains and realigns the data based on the transfer direction and data arrangement. The circuitry further properly zero pads the data when realignment is such that padding is necessary.

Abstract: A computer system which includes a DMA controller on the local I/O unit which can be programmed by either the host processor or the local processor. Semaphore flags and lock bits are provided to allow determination of control of the local DMA controller and for passing information. Additionally, data alignment and padding circuitry is provided. The circuitry is informed of the logical data arrangement desired or utilized by the host processor or other devices and knows the data arrangement of the local processor. The circuitry properly obtains and realigns the data based on the transfer direction and data arrangement. The circuitry further properly zero pads the data when realignment is such that padding is necessary.