Abstract: Methods, apparatus and precursors for producing substantially water-free silica soot, preforms and glass. The methods and apparatus make substantially water-free fused silica preforms or glass by removing water as a reaction product, removing water from the atmosphere, removing water from the transport process, or combinations thereof. In a first embodiment, substantially water-free soot, preforms or glass are achieved by using a hydrogen-free fuel, such as carbon monoxide, in the deposition process. In another embodiment, a soot producing burner has parameters that enable operation on a substantially hydrogen-free fuel. End burners, which minimize water production, are also described. Such water-free methods are useful in depositing fluorine-doped soot because of the low water present and the efficiency in which fluorine is incorporated. In another embodiment, glassy barrier layer methods and apparatus are described for minimizing dopant migration, especially fluorine.

Abstract: An trunk caddy particularly configured to cradle a golf bag in an easily accessible position above the floor of the vehicle trunk compartment, the cradle being supported at either side by adjustable straps which attach to the rim of the trunk compartment opening using generally S-shaped brackets.

Abstract: A method for decreasing the amount of nitrogen and oxygen containing compounds employed in glass batch mixtures. Oxygen fuel burners are utilized to provide an oxidizing atmosphere to the molten glass in the place of the reduced or eliminated nitrogen and oxygen containing compounds.

Abstract: A method of making glass articles, wherein glass flows from a furnace, through a distribution channel, and then to forming means, the method comprising forming at least one oxy/fuel flame at the sides of the distribution channel, the flame having a hottest point within about five inches of the base of the flame so as to produce a large thermal gradient between the sides of the distribution channel and the center of the distribution channel. A novel distribution channel and a method and apparatus for producing an oxy/fuel flame having a hottest point within about five inches of the base of the flame are also disclosed.

Abstract: There is disclosed an oxy/fuel burner with a low volume fuel stream. The burner projects a stream of fuel from a fuel orifice and projects an annular stream of oxygen around the stream of fuel from an annular oxygen orifice such that the oxygen velocity to gas velocity ratio is between 1/1 and 3/1, providing a flame whose hottest point is about 5 inches from the fuel orifice.

Abstract: An oxygen-fuel burner is disclosed wherein the atomizing fluid not only atomizes a liquid fuel, but also functions to cool the burner tip and prevent eddying of the atomized fuel from collecting on the burner tip, which could create undesirable high temperatures upon ignition. Further, oxygen may be utilized as an atomizing fluid in view of the fact that the atomization of the fuel is accomplished so close to the discharge end of the burner and the discharge velocity is maintained at such a high level, that the contact time of the oxy-fuel within the burner is extremely short, thereby precluding preignition within the burner. Further, the oxygen itself also functions to cool the burner tip and prevent preignition or cracking of the liquid fuel in the atomizing chamber. The burner may be utilized with carbon dioxide as an atomizing fluid wherein the burner temperature is thus lowered reducing the amount of NO.sub.

Abstract: An oxygen-fuel burner is disclosed which has a wide range of operation, allowing turn-down ratios of 5 to 1. In addition, the burner construction, which is not liquid cooled, maintains an acceptable burner tip temperature by having a tip which extends outwardly beyond the nose portion of the burner such that the oxygen flows columnarly therealong and functions to remove heat from the tip. In addition a delayed combustion is obtained by the gas discharge tip being axially spaced apart from the oxygen discharge orifice. The burner produces sufficient heat to permit the melting of batch materials to produce molten glass without the use of regenerators or recuperators.

Abstract: The device consists of a stadium seat cover which is slid over the seat portion of a stadium type chair. A pouch is attached to the cover and is provided with a member which has openings for receiving cups and the like and is manually positioned between side attachments to the inside of the pouch.

Abstract: A wall structure is provided for mounting an oxygen sensor probe to accurately measure the oxygen content of flowing elevated temperature atmosphere confined on one side of the wall. The sensor probe is protectively positioned and cushioned within a probe accepting bore through the wall by a flexible fibrous refractory material which thermally insulates and seals the probe within the bore from the surrounding environment. The sensing tip of the probe extends through the wall structure and is exposed to the elevated temperature combustion gases.

Abstract: A laser beam is used to spiral, or otherwise remove a portion of the resistance material from, a resistance film on a glass substrate. The glass has a radiation absorber incorporated in its composition to minimize transmission of the laser beam through the glass.

Abstract: A flow metering apparatus comprising an elongated vortex generating element disposed transversely in a stream of fluid to produce on opposite sides thereof vortices which are shed in alternating fashion and a sensor disposed downstream of the generating element and aligned therewith in such a manner that the vortices alternately pass along opposite sides of the sensor. The sensor comprises an elongated, cylindrically shaped support having two high TCR resistive films longitudinally disposed on the surface thereof which faces the vortex generating element. This combination of vortex shedder and sensor produces a strong, highly reliable electrical signal.

Abstract: A sensing element for measuring fluid flow comprising an elongated cylindrically-shaped support on which is disposed two resistive films having high TCR values. The support is symmetrical about a plane parallel with the direction of flow, and one of the resistive films is disposed on each side of that plane. The films are less than 10,000 A thick, thereby possessing a high ratio of surface area to thermal mass. These films are quickly cooled by pressure variations accompanying the generation of vortices in the fluid stream, and they are therefore capable of operating at high frequencies.

Abstract: A temperature sensing device and a method of forming it is disclosed. A first film or coating of an adherent electro-conductive metallic oxide is applied over the exterior surface of a dielectric substrate. The metal oxide coating is thereafter thoroughly cleansed and a second coating or layer of a metal having a relatively high temperature coefficient of resistance is applied over the metallic oxide film so as to form a strong physical bond as well as a chemical bond therebetween. The composite so formed is fired at a temperature up to about 750.degree.C. If desired, the metal layer is thereafter suitably spiralled to provide the desired resistance and terminal leads are attached to the element. Also, if desired, the element is then coated with a dielectric protective coating.