Abstract: Methods, apparatus, devices, subsystems, and systems for holographically displaying three-dimensional objects are provided. In one aspect, a device includes a plurality of elements arranged in rows and columns and a controller coupled to the plurality of elements, the controller comprising a plurality of driving circuits and a plurality of row scanners. Each of the plurality of elements is coupled to a respective driving circuit of the plurality of driving circuits. The plurality of row scanners include a row scanner having a series of selectors that are arranged in a column between two adjacent columns of elements, each selector of the series of selectors being configured to select a corresponding row of elements through corresponding driving circuits coupled to the corresponding row of elements.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, devices, subsystems, and systems for holographically displaying three-dimensional objects are provided. In one aspect, a device includes: an optical guiding device configured to guide light to propagate along a first direction within the optical guiding device, an in-coupling diffractive structure configured to diffract the light to propagate in the optical guiding device, and one or more out-coupling diffractive structures arranged downstream the in-coupling diffractive structure along the first direction and configured to diffract at least part of the light out of the optical guiding device along a second, different direction. The in-coupling diffractive structure is configured to cause a first optical dispersion for the light, and at least one out-coupling diffractive structure is configured to cause a second optical dispersion for the light.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, devices, subsystems, and systems for holographically displaying three-dimensional objects are provided. A system includes a display and a controller. The display includes: a backplane having a plurality of circuits and a plurality of display elements arranged on the backplane. The plurality of display elements form an irregular pattern. Each of the plurality of display elements is coupled to a respective circuit of the plurality of circuits. The controller is coupled to the display and configured to transmit at least one control signal to at least one display element of the display for modulating at least one property of the at least one display element.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, devices, subsystems, and systems for holographically displaying three-dimensional objects are provided. In one aspect, a device includes at least one processor and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and having instructions executable by the at least one processor to perform operations including: obtaining primitive data of a plurality of primitives corresponding to at least one object based on information of the plurality of primitives, the information of the plurality of primitives comprising respective primitive identifiers of the plurality of primitives; for each primitive of the plurality of primitives, determining an electromagnetic (EM) field contribution to each of a plurality of display elements of a display based on primitive data of the primitive; and for each of the plurality of display elements of the display, generating a sum of the EM field contributions of the plurality of primitives to the display element.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, devices, subsystems, and systems for holographically displaying three-dimensional objects are provided. In one aspect, a system includes a display and a controller. The display includes: a backplane having a plurality of circuits and a plurality of display elements arranged on the backplane. The plurality of display elements form an irregular pattern. Each of the plurality of display elements is coupled to a respective circuit of the plurality of circuits. The controller is coupled to the display and configured to transmit at least one control signal to at least one display element of the display for modulating at least one property of the at least one display element.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, devices, subsystems, and systems for holographically displaying three-dimensional objects are provided. In one aspect, a computer-implemented method of manipulating data of a plurality of primitives corresponding to at least one object includes: for each of a plurality of vertices of the plurality of primitives, associating a respective vertex identifier of the vertex with respective vertex data of the vertex, and storing the association between the respective vertex identifier and the respective vertex data of the vertex in a memory; and for each of the plurality of primitives, associating a respective primitive identifier of the primitive with one or more respective vertex identifiers of one or more vertices of the primitive in the memory, and storing an association between the respective primitive identifier and the one or more respective vertex identifiers for the primitive in the memory.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, devices, subsystems, and systems for holographically displaying three-dimensional objects are provided. In one aspect, a system includes a display and a controller. The display includes: a backplane having a plurality of circuits and a plurality of display elements arranged on the backplane. The plurality of display elements form an irregular pattern. Each of the plurality of display elements is coupled to a respective circuit of the plurality of circuits. The controller is coupled to the display and configured to transmit at least one control signal to at least one display element of the display for modulating at least one property of the at least one display element.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, devices, subsystems, and systems for holographically displaying three-dimensional objects are provided. In one aspect, an optical device includes: an optical guiding device configured to guide light to propagate along a first direction within the optical guiding device; an in-coupling diffractive structure configured to diffract the light to propagate in the optical guiding device; and out-coupling diffractive structures configured to diffract at least part of the light out of the optical guiding device along a second direction different from the first direction. The out-coupling diffractive structures are configured to have gradually increased diffraction efficiencies for the light along the first direction away from the in-coupling diffractive structure.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, devices, subsystems, and systems for holographically displaying three-dimensional objects are provided. In one aspect, a system includes a display and a controller. The display includes: a backplane having a plurality of circuits and a plurality of display elements arranged on the backplane. The plurality of display elements form an irregular pattern. Each of the plurality of display elements is coupled to a respective circuit of the plurality of circuits. The controller is coupled to the display and configured to transmit at least one control signal to at least one display element of the display for modulating at least one property of the at least one display element.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, devices, subsystems, and systems for holographically displaying three-dimensional objects are provided. In one aspect, a system includes a display and a controller. The display includes: a backplane having a plurality of circuits and a plurality of display elements arranged on the backplane. The plurality of display elements form an irregular pattern. Each of the plurality of display elements is coupled to a respective circuit of the plurality of circuits. The controller is coupled to the display and configured to transmit at least one control signal to at least one display element of the display for modulating at least one property of the at least one display element.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, devices, subsystems, and systems for holographically displaying three-dimensional objects are provided. In one aspect, a system includes: a display having a plurality of display elements and a driving device coupled to the driving device and configured to: obtain a hologram for the display, wherein the hologram comprises, for each display element of the plurality of display elements, a respective sum of electromagnetic (EM) field contributions of a plurality of primitives corresponding to at least one object to the display element; and generate, for each display element of the plurality of display elements, a respective modulation control signal based on the respective sum of EM field contributions of the plurality of primitives to the display element.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, devices, subsystems, and systems for holographically displaying three-dimensional objects are provided. In one aspect, a system includes a display and a controller. The display includes: a backplane having a plurality of circuits and a plurality of display elements arranged on the backplane. The plurality of display elements form an irregular pattern. Each of the plurality of display elements is coupled to a respective circuit of the plurality of circuits. The controller is coupled to the display and configured to transmit at least one control signal to at least one display element of the display for modulating at least one property of the at least one display element.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, devices, subsystems, and systems for holographically displaying three-dimensional objects are provided. In one aspect, a system includes a display and a controller. The display includes: a backplane having a plurality of circuits and a plurality of display elements arranged on the backplane. The plurality of display elements form an irregular pattern. Each of the plurality of display elements is coupled to a respective circuit of the plurality of circuits. The controller is coupled to the display and configured to transmit at least one control signal to at least one display element of the display for modulating at least one property of the at least one display element.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, devices, subsystems, and systems for holographically displaying three-dimensional objects are provided. In one aspect, a system includes a display and a controller. The display includes: a backplane having a plurality of circuits and a plurality of display elements arranged on the backplane. The plurality of display elements form an irregular pattern. Each of the plurality of display elements is coupled to a respective circuit of the plurality of circuits. The controller is coupled to the display and configured to transmit at least one control signal to at least one display element of the display for modulating at least one property of the at least one display element.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, devices, subsystems, and systems for holographically displaying three-dimensional objects are provided. In one aspect, a computer-implemented method of manipulating data of a plurality of primitives corresponding to at least one object includes: for each of a plurality of vertices of the plurality of primitives, associating a respective vertex identifier of the vertex with respective vertex data of the vertex, and storing the association between the respective vertex identifier and the respective vertex data of the vertex in a memory; and for each of the plurality of primitives, associating a respective primitive identifier of the primitive with one or more respective vertex identifiers of one or more vertices of the primitive in the memory, and storing an association between the respective primitive identifier and the one or more respective vertex identifiers for the primitive in the memory.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to methods, apparatuses, computer readable media and systems for providing, along with a token, a token assurance level and data used to generate the token assurance level. At the time a token is issued, one or more Identification and Verification (ID&V) methods may be performed to ensure that the token is replacing a PAN that was legitimately used by a token requestor. A token assurance level may be assigned to a given token in light of the type of ID&V that is performed and the entity performing the ID&V. Different ID&Vs may result in different token assurance levels. An issuer may wish to know the level of assurance and the data used in generating the level of assurance associated with a token prior to authorizing a payment transaction that uses the token.

Abstract: C-7 functionalized artemisinin derivatives, and methods of producing and using C-7 functionalized artemisinin derivatives, for the treatment of malaria. Semi-synthesis of artemisinin analogs based on the functionalization of C-7 through fungal biotransformation. Fungal fermentation techniques were used to add hydroxyl groups to artemisinin positions that are difficult to access chemical, namely C-7.

Abstract: A seat system for a passenger aircraft. The seat system includes at least one passenger seat and a stowable tray installed onto or adjacent to the passenger seat. The stowable tray includes a tray plate adapted to support one or more items; a support arm attached to the tray plate adapted to move the tray plate between a stowable position and a presentation position; and a friction hinge attaching the tray plate to the support arm and adapted to adjust the tray plate between the presentation position and a tray position, wherein the tray plate is adapted to support a personal electronic device while in the presentation position and adapted to support one or more cocktail items while in the tray position. A second stowable tray may also be attached to the passenger seat.

Abstract: A fluid dispenser apparatus includes a fluid dispenser having plurality of nozzles aligned in a first longitudinal direction. A dispenser shield is positioned relative to the plurality of nozzles, the dispenser shield configured to form an aperture aligned in the first longitudinal direction with the plurality of nozzles. The plurality of nozzles are configured to dispense fluid towards a substrate. The dispenser shield is further positioned such that fluid dispensed from a first subset of the plurality of nozzles passes through the aperture while fluid dispensed from a second subset of the plurality nozzles is captured by the dispenser shield.

Abstract: A seat system for a passenger aircraft. The seat system includes at least one passenger seat and a stowable tray installed onto or adjacent to the passenger seat. The stowable tray includes a tray plate adapted to support one or more items; a support arm attached to the tray plate adapted to move the tray plate between a stowable position and a presentation position; and a friction hinge attaching the tray plate to the support arm and adapted to adjust the tray plate between the presentation position and a tray position, wherein the tray plate is adapted to support a personal electronic device while in the presentation position and adapted to support one or more cocktail items while in the tray position. A second stowable tray may also be attached to the passenger seat.