Abstract: A method and a system for establishing a local routing in a mobile communication network, and for allowing different mobile stations connected with the same Access Service Network GateWay (ASN GW) to transmit and receive traffic without delivering such traffic to a Home Agent (HA) are provided. In the method, a session server determines whether first and second mobile stations are connected with the same ASN GW by using their location information. In case of a connection with the same ASN GW, the session server establishes a local routing in the ASN GW so that traffic between the first and second mobile stations is directly routed to each other at the ASN GW. Then the ASN GW receiving the traffic from one of both mobile stations transmits the traffic to the other according to the local routing.

Abstract: A maskless exposure device includes an exposure head including a digital micro-mirror device and an exposure source, the digital micro-mirror device being configured to reflect a source beam outputted from the exposure source to a substrate and a system controller configured to control the digital micro-mirror device by using a graphic data system file. The graphic data system file includes data regarding patterns to be formed on the substrate. A pattern extending in a direction parallel to a scan direction of the exposure head includes a first pattern portion having a first width that is greater than a target width and a second pattern portion alternately disposed with the first pattern portion and having a second width that is less than the target width.

Abstract: A method of operating a display device includes operating a timing controller in a normal mode. The timing controller generates a driving signal of a display panel in response to input data signal in the normal mode. The method includes operating the timing controller in a panel self-refresh mode. The timing controller generates the driving signal based on stop image data stored in a frame buffer in response to a first panel self-refresh start command in the panel self-refresh mode. The method includes inputting a second panel self-refresh start command to the timing controller during a synchronization procedure. The timing controller changes an operation mode from the panel self-refresh mode to the normal mode in response to a panel self-refresh end command in the synchronization procedure. The method includes controlling luminance of the display panel, by the timing controller, based on a length of a first vertical blank period.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for detecting photons according to an atmospheric condition, using a function of adjusting light quantity that can significantly improve reliability of an atmospheric condition analysis result by minimizing noise in a spectrum by maintaining the quantity of incident light uniform within a predetermined range regardless of atmospheric conditions and changes, and to a method of adjusting light quantity. The apparatus for detecting photons in accordance with atmospheric conditions using a function of adjusting light quantity includes: an apparatus case having a light inlet; a light quantity adjuster disposed under the light inlet and adjusting quantity of incident light such that a predetermined quantity of light travels inside; and a controller controlling operation of the light quantity adjuster in accordance with intensity of light detected by the light quantity adjuster.

Abstract: A system for producing a heat source for heating or electricity, using medium/low-temperature waste heat includes: an absorption-type heat pump (100) supplied with a driving heat source and heat source water to heat a low-temperature heat medium; a regenerator heat exchange unit (210) for supplying a regenerator (110) with a driving heat source using waste heat; an evaporator heat exchange unit (220) for supplying an evaporator with heat source water; a heat medium circulation line (310) for circulating a heat medium; a generation unit (400) branching off from the heat medium circulation line (310) and producing electricity; a heat production unit (500) branching off from the heat medium circulation line (310) and supplying a heat-demanding place with a heat source for heating; and a switching valve unit (600) for controlling the flow of heat medium supplied the generation unit (400) or the heat production unit (500).

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a drilling fluid, comprising: a) preparing mixed fatty acids from a biomass-derived oil, b) subjecting the mixed fatty acids of step a) to an estolide reaction with a light acid to give an estolide, and c) esterifying the estolide of step b) with an alcohol to obtain the drilling fluid.

Abstract: Provided is a method for detecting an application in a wireless communication system. The method includes receiving and inspecting a packet; detecting flows from the packet using a predefined signature; granting a score to each of the detected flows, and summing the granted scores by integrating the detected flows for each application; comparing the summed score of the flows integrated for each application with a preset value; and determining that an application is detected, if the summed score is greater than the preset value.

Abstract: Provided are a Zn—Mg alloy plated steel sheet and a method for manufacturing same. The Zn—Mg alloy plated steel sheet comprises a base steel sheet and a Zn—Mg plating layer formed on the base steel sheet, wherein the content of Mg in the Zn—Mg plating layer is 8 weight % or less (provided that 0 weight % is excluded), and the Zn—Mg plating layer is a compound phase of Zn and Mg2Zn11. According to the present invention, provided are a Zn—Mg alloy plated steel sheet and a method for manufacturing the same, wherein the Zn—Mg alloy plated steel sheet has excellent corrosion resistance, high adhesion, and superior surface quality of metallic luster.

Abstract: A battery module includes a plurality of battery cells, an end plate, and bush members. The plurality of battery cells are arranged along a direction. The end plate is adjacent to an outermost battery cell among the plurality of battery cells. The bush members are at respective sides of the end plate. In the battery module, the end plate includes a first end plate adjacent to the outermost battery cell, the first end plate including a first material, and a second end plate at an outer side of the first end plate, the second end plate including a second material. The bush members are at respective sides of the first and second end plates and between the first and second end plates.

Abstract: Targeting-enhanced anticancer nanoparticles and preparation methods for the nanoparticles are provided. In particular, this invention provides targeting-enhanced anticancer nanoparticles comprising non-covalently bound anticancer drugs, serum albumins as the nanoparticle base material, and porphyrin compounds as tumor-targeting moieties. The targeting-enhanced anticancer nanoparticles described in the present invention are characterized by non-covalently bound constituents: anticancer drugs, serum albumin as the nanoparticle base material, and porphyrin compounds as tumor-targeting moieties, thus preventing common toxic side effects, enhancing the structural stability of nanoparticles, and enhancing tumor targeting by treatment with electromagnetic waves due to the activity of porphyrin, without structural and functional changes.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a window for a display apparatus according to the present invention includes: providing, on a stage, a substrate including a foldable part bending around a folding axis extending in a first direction, and forming a groove on the foldable part. The forming the groove includes: grinding the foldable part by using a first machining wheel; grinding the foldable part by using a second machining wheel; and machining the foldable part by using a polishing wheel. The groove has at least one radius of curvature. The first machining wheel includes first abrasive grains, and the second machining wheel includes second abrasive grains less in size than the first abrasive grains.

Abstract: A package module includes first and second components, a conductive wall, and a molding portion. The first component and the second component are disposed on a substrate. The conductive wall is disposed between the first component and the second component. The molding portion is disposed on the first component, the second component, and the conductive wall, and has a slot defining a cavity above an upper portion of the conductive wall.

Abstract: A system and method for indoor positioning is disclosed. The indoor positioning system and method significantly improve accuracy of indoor positioning by measuring an indoor position using radiofrequency (RF) signals output from RF transmitters (e.g. a beacon) and by using position information measured by pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) using sensing information obtained by sensing movement of a user terminal. For measuring an position inside a building using RF transmitters, error caused by internal structures of the building (walls, doors) can be corrected using spatial information (3D model of the building), positions of the RF transmitters, and information of a predetermined area allowed for user access inside the building.

Abstract: An electronic device and an method of operating an electronic device according to various example embodiments include: acquiring one of a plurality of pieces of identification information which are already registered; setting one of a plurality of function sets which are already registered based on the acquired identification information; and allowing access based on the set function set.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for preparing titanium by using electrowinning and, more specifically, to a method for preparing titanium by using electrowinning, comprising the steps of: preparing a mixture by mixing a solid electrolyte, which contains an oxide of a Group 1 element and boron oxide, with titanium dioxide; and forming a molten oxide from the mixture by putting the mixture in an electrowinning apparatus comprising an anode and an insoluble cathode and heating the same, and then forming titanium on the cathode by applying voltage to the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: An image-processing method of removing noise from an image includes: obtaining standard representative values for standard regions of a standard image and reference representative values for reference regions of a reference image, and obtaining a plurality of hierarchical images having different resolutions with respect to the standard image and the reference image based on the standard representative values and the reference representative values; obtaining the standard representative values for the standard regions of the standard image and the reference representative values for the reference regions of the reference image from the hierarchical images; determining a similarity between the standard regions and the reference regions from the standard representative values and the reference representative values; and removing noise by applying filtering to the standard image and the reference image depending on the determined similarity.

Abstract: A planetary gear train of an automatic transmission for a vehicle may include a first planetary gear set, a second planetary gear set, a third planetary gear set, an input shaft, an output shaft disposed in parallel with the input shaft, a first shaft selectively acting as a fixed element, a second shaft directly connected with the input shaft, a third shaft, a fourth shaft selectively connectable with the second shaft, a fifth shaft selectively engaged with the output shaft, a sixth shaft selectively engaged with the output shaft, and transfer gears, each gear-meshed with one of the shafts.

Abstract: A method of processing a non-real time service of a broadcast receiver, which receives and processes a service being transmitted in non-real time, and a broadcast receiver are disclosed. Herein, the method of processing a non-real time service of a broadcast receiver includes receiving a signaling information table including additional information on contents configuring a non real time service and a content identifier for each content, acquiring the additional information on contents and the content identifier for each content from the signaling information table, storing contents being downloaded through a FLUTE or an internet in a storage medium, based upon the additional information on contents and the content identifier for each content, and displaying a list of recordings including the contents stored in the storage medium, wherein a list of recordings screen displaying the list of recordings includes at least one of a content name, a channel name, a date of recording, and a content size.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides Au-based alloys comprising Si capable of forming metallic glass matrix composites, and metallic glass matrix composites formed thereof. The Au-based metallic glass matrix composites according to the present disclosure comprise a primary-Au crystalline phase and a metallic glass phase and are free of any other phase. In certain embodiments, the metallic glass matrix composites according to the present disclosure satisfy the 18-Karat Gold Alloy Hallmark.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention relate to a method for manufacturing a high-performance and low-power field effect transistor (FET) element of which surface roughness scattering is minimized or removed, comprising: a first step of etching a strained silicon substrate into a pin structure; a second step of stacking undoped SiGe thereon; a third step of etching the undoped SiGe; a fourth step of etching after performing lithography; a fifth step of stacking doped SiGe thereon; a sixth step of etching the doped SiGe after performing lithography; and a step of forming a transistor element by sequentially stacking an oxide and a gate metal on the doped SiGe and there is an effect of enabling the implementation of a Fin HEMT capable of having all of good channel controllability and a high on-current, which are advantages of a FinFET, and high electron mobility, which is an advantage of an HEMT.