Abstract: When a multi-step process reaction is carried out in a solution, it generally requires several treatments and purification procedures to go through with after the reaction, however, the inventive method for preparing 2,2?-disubstituted-3,4-dihydro-7,8-disubstituted-6-amino benzopyran derivative using a solid-phased synthetic method simplifies the treatment and purification procedures after the reaction, which makes possible to efficiently construct numerous drug-like libraries.

Abstract: Provided is a content addressable memory (CAM) cell for operating at a high speed. The CAM cell includes a bit line pair consisting of a bit line and an inverted bit line, first and second memory cells, a match line, and first and second comparators. The first memory cell includes a first storage unit for storing data and first connectors for connecting the bit line pair to the first storage unit and for transmitting data input through the bit line pair to the first storage unit. The second memory cell includes a second storage unit for storing data and second connectors for connecting the bit line pair to the second storage unit and for transmitting the data input through the bit line pair to the second storage unit. The first comparator is connected to the match line and the first storage unit and connects the match line to a first voltage or disconnects the match line from the first voltage in response to search data input through a search line and the data stored in the first storage unit.

Abstract: A remote robot control method using a three-dimensional pointing procedure and a robot control system using the remote robot control method. The robot control system controls a robot in response to a user's gesture or sign without modifying the structure of the robot. The remote robot control method includes measuring a distance between a remote controller and a robot, calculating an initial position of the remote controller in an inertial navigation frame of the remote controller, calculating an initial position of the robot in the navigation frame of the remote controller, calculating an origin of the inertial navigation frame of the remote controller shown in an inertial navigation frame of the robot, calculating a new position of the remote controller in the inertial navigation frame of the remote controller, and calculating a new position of the robot in the navigation frame of the robot.

Abstract: A bus system including a bus arbiter and a plurality of masters. The bus arbiter grants bus control to one of the plurality of masters. When a master with bus control sends a read command, bus control is transferred to another one of the plurality of masters, thereby increasing the efficiency of the bus system. A method including sending a read command and transferring bus control to another one of a plurality of masters before receiving the response to the read command.

Abstract: A semiconductor wafer washing system can execute a method in which the washing solution is quickly changed over and over again without the need to alter the structure of the system. The wafer washing system includes a washing solution supply section in which a plurality of chemicals are stored separately, and from which selected ones of the chemicals can be supplied in a predetermined ratio into a washing tank. A circulation section includes circulation piping connected to the washing tank for circulating the washing solution to and from the tank. A discharge section selectively discharges residual chemicals or washing solution from the washing solution supply section, the washing tank and the circulation section. A controller controls the flow of chemicals and washing solution in the washing solution supply section, the circulation section and the discharge section, respectively.

Abstract: An open roof assembly for a vehicle having a roof opening and a closure mechanism. The roof opening is surrounded by a frame connected to the roof of the vehicle, including at least two guides extending along opposite longitudinal edges of the roof opening for cooperation with the closure mechanism, and drain channels extending substantially along all edges of the roof opening. The drain channels are integrally combined into one single frame part. The frame part includes receiving recesses for housing the two guides.

Abstract: There is provided a process and an image formation apparatus for enhancing the image quality of an image forming apparatus such as a printer, a facsimile and a complex machine employing an electrophotographic technique, capable of obtaining a good image quality even though the image is formed on a thick paper such as an envelope. The process includes the steps of: storing image data to be printed at a memory if a print demand is received; detecting the kind of paper selected by a user; editing by reducing the number of pixels of the image data at a certain rate if the detected paper is a thick; and transmitting the edited image data to the LSU and performing the printing work for the edited image data.

Abstract: In the case four-wheel drive is required, a generator connected to an engine generates electric current, which is supplied to a motor such that a rear wheel shaft can be driven by a driving force transferred through a clutch interposed between the motor and the rear wheel shaft. Accordingly, slippage of the vehicle wheels is prevented and safety of the vehicle is improved.

Abstract: In a coolant recovery system of a vehicle, a coolant reservoir is connected at its upper portion to a radiator by a first pressure cap and a first ventilation hose, and to an engine by a second ventilation hose that is provided with a check valve thereon.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for automated calibration of I/O over a multi-variable eye window is provided. A transmitter may conduct data transmissions to a receiver of an integrated circuit (IC) over a plurality of signal lines. The data transmissions may be conducted according to a certain parameters or sets of parameters. Parameters may include voltage levels at which signals are transmitted or timing delays. The receiver may determine whether the correct data value was received over each signal line. The results may be recorded in a storage mechanism in the same IC as the receiver. The storage mechanism may, for each signal line, store a pass/fail result corresponding to the particular parameters for the data transmission. The system may select the parameters which subsequent transmissions are to be conducted over each of the plurality of signal lines from the storage mechanism.

Abstract: There is disclosed an optical source generator for wavelength division multiplexing optical communication systems.

Abstract: The invention describes how contaminant particles may be removed from a surface without in any way damaging that surface. First, the positional co-ordinates of all particles on the surface are recorded. Optionally, only particles that can be expected to cause current or future damage to the surface are included. Then, using optical tweezers, each particle is individually removed and then disposed of. Six different ways to remove and dispose of particles are described.

Abstract: A semiconductor device on a SOI and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. The semiconductor device includes a semiconductor wafer having a SOI structure including an insulating layer having a predetermined thickness and a monocrystalline silicon layer formed on the insulating layer, an isolation insulating layer formed on the insulating layer on the semiconductor wafer, a gate comprised of a gate dielectric layer and a gate conductive layer, which are sequentially stacked on the monocrystalline silicon layer, insulating layer spacers formed at the sidewalls of the gate, and a source junction and a drain junction asymmetrically formed at either side of the gate between the isolation insulating layer spacers and the insulating layer. In the semiconductor device formed on a SOI, source and drain junctions are formed at either side of a gate to be asymmetrical, and thus a ground of a transistor is formed on the SOI, and thus the electrical characteristics of the semiconductor device are improved.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing an aromatic bromide or aromatic iodide from an aromatic amine derivative using nitrite anion and halodimethylsulfonium halide generated in situ from hydrobromic acid/DMSO or hydriodic acid/DMSO. The process for producing compounds of the formula (1) is disclosed (1) wherein X is bromine or iodine: Y is carbon or nitrogen; R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 which may be the same or different and are selected independently from the group consisting of a hydrogen, a hologen, a C1-C8 alkyl, a C1-C10 alkoxy, a nitro, a formyl, an aryl, a benzyl, a C2-C10 alkylcarbonyl and an arylcarbonyl, provided that adjacent groups as selected from R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 may combine to form a ring.

Abstract: A device for enhancing contrast for a liquid crystal display (LCD) projection system is provided. The contrast enhancing device includes an image driver supplying an image signal, a LCD panel for converting the input image signal into an optical image signal, and a contrast control portion positioned on the same optical axis as that of the LCD panel, for controlling an amount of scanned light according to the brightness of a corresponding image. Accordingly, the projection system adopting an image display device as a liquid crystal device provides a remarkably enhanced contrast enhancement effect. In particular, as the brightness of the total image is brighter, the contrast enhancement effect becomes larger.

Abstract: A temperature compensation device for an optical communication device or the like is constructed so that an error value, which is the difference between the current temperature and a reference temperature, is subjected to digital processing in a temperature comparison unit. A digital error voltage value is calculated and digital PID control is performed instead of analog PID which requires electric components such as a power op-amp, a resistor (R), and a capacitor (C). According to this construction it is possible to reduce the number of electric parts. It is also possible to accept various types of temperature sensors while using only one PCB regardless of the types of temperature sensors utilized.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a crushing method using large boreholes in an underwater rock in which plural large boreholes are drilled on the rock in a predetermined space, the drilled boreholes form plural free surfaces, and the large drop hammer gives a blow to the free surface, thus enhancing the crushing effect. The crushing method is comprised of the following processes: plural large boreholes, of which each size is 100˜300 mm?, are arranged on the rock to be crushed, and are drilled in a depth of 1˜10 m, and the free surface is reserved before the drop hammer work; a middle point between the adjoining large boreholes is set as target point; the drop hammer is lift above a position perpendicular to the target point, and is free-fallen to give a blow to the rock to be crushed; and the above processes are repeatedly operated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cutting wheel with blanks which reduces vibration and frictional noise generated when a workpiece such as stone, steel concrete, asphalt, metal, ceramic, or wood is cut, and a method for manufacturing the same. There is provided a cutting wheel of which a wheel body is formed with at least one blank. The blank is shaped in a line with a variable width, and the blank is filled with noise absorbing material. According to the present invention, the noise and vibration is considerably decreased as compared with a general plane type cutting wheel and a conventional cutting wheel with blanks. In addition, the cutting wheel with blanks according to the present invention can absorb the noise and vibration as good as the sandwich type cutting wheel, and particularly, is considerably high in strength, and is inexpensive to manufacture with ½ to ? costs compared with the sandwich type cutting wheel.

Abstract: A method of forming a contact for a semiconductor device by forming a storage node contact in a semiconductor substrate having a first pad and a second pad formed thereon. The storage node contact is connected to the second pad. A bit line electrically insulated from the storage node contact by a spacer and electrically connected to the first pad.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for a making cathode substrate for a flat panel display device including coating a cathode electrode composition on a substrate to produce a cathode electrode, coating a conductive composition including a Si-included material on the cathode electrode to prepare a conductive layer on the cathode electrode and applying an electron emission composition including a material such as carbon nano tube on the conductive layer.