Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for detecting malfunction of a relay, which includes a temperature determination unit configured to determine whether or not a relay resistor is overheated based on a resistance temperature of the relay resistor being connected to a relay; a charging voltage determination unit configured to determine whether or not a variation value of a charging voltage of a direct current (DC) link capacitor according to an operation start of an inverter system exceeds a reference variation value; and a relay malfunction determination unit configured to determine whether or not the relay is malfunctioned based on one or more the determination results whether or not the relay resistor is overheated and whether or not the variation value exceeds the reference variation value.

Abstract: Provided is a method of preparing poly(alkylene carbonate) using a molecular weight regulator in a process of preparing a copolymer of carbon dioxide/epoxide using a novel complex synthesized from salen-type ligand including a quaternary ammonium salt as a catalyst. According to the present invention, even though the molecular weight regulator is used, an activity of the catalyst may be stably maintained, whereby the low molecular weight of poly(alkylene carbonate) having a desirable level may be effectively provided. In addition, it is expected that since the novel complex as the catalyst of the present invention has a simple structure as compared to the existing copolymerization catalyst, due to the economical preparation cost thereof, the novel complex may be effectively applied to a large-scale commercial process.

Abstract: Provided are a double metal cyanide (DMC) catalyst used in copolymerization of an epoxide/carbon dioxide useful for preparing polyurethane, a foaming agent, an elastomer, sealant, a coating material, and the like, and an epoxide/carbon dioxide copolymer prepared using the same. In addition, the present invention provides a double metal cyanide (DMC) catalyst prepared using an ion-exchange resin without washing alcohol, and an epoxide/carbon dioxide copolymer having a high purity, a high selectivity, and a high carbonate content prepared using the same.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a cathode active material including a lithium manganese oxide, in which the lithium manganese oxide has a spinel structure with a predetermined constitutional composition represented by Formula 1 described in the detailed description, wherein a conductive material is applied to the surface of lithium manganese oxide particles, so as to exhibit charge-discharge properties in the range of 2.5 to 3.5V as well as in the 4V region.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for detecting malfunction of a relay, which includes a temperature determination unit configured to determine whether or not a relay resistor is overheated based on a resistance temperature of the relay resistor being connected to a relay; a charging voltage determination unit configured to determine whether or not a variation value of a charging voltage of a direct current (DC) link capacitor according to an operation start of an inverter system exceeds a reference variation value; and a relay malfunction determination unit configured to determine whether or not the relay is malfunctioned based on one or more the determination results whether or not the relay resistor is overheated and whether or not the variation value exceeds the reference variation value.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a novel complex synthesized from a Salen-type ligand. The novel complex contains a quaternary ammonium salt. The present invention is also directed to a preparation method of a copolymer of carbon dioxide and epoxide using the complex synthesized from a Salen-type ligand as a catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a novel complex synthesized from a Salen-type ligand. The novel complex contains a quaternary ammonium salt. The present invention is also directed to a preparation method of a copolymer of carbon dioxide and epoxide using the complex synthesized from a Salen-type ligand as a catalyst.

Abstract: Provided is a method of preparing poly(alkylene carbonate) using a molecular weight regulator in a process of preparing a copolymer of carbon dioxide/epoxide using a novel complex synthesized from salen-type ligand including a quaternary ammonium salt as a catalyst. According to the present invention, even though the molecular weight regulator is used, an activity of the catalyst may be stably maintained, whereby the low molecular weight of poly(alkylene carbonate) having a desirable level may be effectively provided. In addition, it is expected that since the novel complex as the catalyst of the present invention has a simple structure as compared to the existing copolymerization catalyst, due to the economical preparation cost thereof, the novel complex may be effectively applied to a large-scale commercial process.

Abstract: Provided are a double metal cyanide (DMC) catalyst used in copolymerization of an epoxide/carbon dioxide useful for preparing polyurethane, a foaming agent, an elastomer, a sealant, a coating material, and the like, and an epoxide/carbon dioxide copolymer prepared using the same. In addition, the present invention provides a double metal cyanide (DMC) catalyst prepared us ing an ion-exchange resin without washing alcohol, and an epoxide/carbon dioxide copolymer having a high purity, a high selectivity, and a high carbonate content prepared using the same.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an image comparison device using a personal video recorder, the device comprising: a display unit configured to output a reference image; at least one camera configured to obtain a comparison image by taking a picture of a present scene of a subject chasing a movement of an object included in the reference image while the reference image is displayed on the screen of the display unit; and a controller configured to display the comparison image along with the reference image on the screen, and a method using the image comparison device.

Abstract: A system for inverter operation control in an emergency situation is provided, the system including: an inverter; an upper level controller configured to set a first operation mode for a normal operation of the inverter and a second operation mode in response to an emergency situation of the inverter; and a controller configured to control an operation of the inverter, by stopping an operation of the inverter when a measured voltage value or a measured current value of the inverter satisfies a first condition when the first operation mode is set, and by maintaining an operation of the inverter even when a measured voltage value or a measured current value of the inverter satisfies a first condition when the second operation mode is set.

Abstract: Provided are a mobility control fluid composition for enhancing oil recovery from an oilfield used for enhancing oil recovery from the oilfield and an enhanced oil recovery method using the same, and more specifically, a mobility control fluid composition including an amine oxide compound and an enhanced oil recovery method from an oilfield using the same. By using the mobility control fluid composition including the amine oxide compound for enhancing oil recovery from the oilfield according to the present invention, foam formation and mobility of the fluid may be effectively controlled.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes a positive electrode having a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode having a negative electrode active material, a separator separating the positive electrode from the negative electrode, and an electrolyte. The negative electrode active material includes a graphite core particle, at least one metal particle located on the graphite core particle, and a polymer film coating the graphite core particle and the at least one metal particle. The polymer includes a polyimide- or polyacrylate-based polymer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a valve seat lubrication oil coating device. More specifically, an oil pan is filled with lubrication oil and configured so that a valve seat partially soaks therein. An oil tank is equipped with a hydraulic pump, and an oil pan oil supplier supplies oil to the oil pan via the hydraulic pump from the oil tank. Additionally, a coating oil supplier coats an outer circumferential surface of a portion of the valve seat, which is not being soaked in the oil, with the oil from the oil tank.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a cathode active material including a lithium manganese oxide, in which the lithium manganese oxide has a spinel structure with a predetermined constitutional composition represented by Formula 1 described in the detailed description, wherein a conductive material is applied to the surface of lithium manganese oxide particles, so as to exhibit charge-discharge properties in the range of 2.5 to 3.5V as well as in the 4V region.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a norbornene polymer that comprises a norbornene monomer having a photoreactive functional group, and a method of manufacturing the same. The norbornene polymer comprises at least 50 mol % of exo isomers among the norbornene monomers having the photoreactive functional group. Since the norbornene polymer according to the present invention comprises at least 50 mol % of exo isomers among the norbornene monomers having the photoreactive functional group, a molecular weight is significantly increased while the yield is not reduced during the manufacturing of the polymer. In views of the three dimensional structure, stability is ensured because the polymer has a planar structure in which the photoreactive groups between the molecules are close to each other. Therefore, the distance between the photoreactive groups is reduced, thus increasing the photoreaction rate.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an image comparison device using a personal video recorder, the device comprising: a display unit configured to output a reference image; at least one camera configured to obtain a comparison image by taking a picture of a present scene of a subject chasing a movement of an object included in the reference image while the reference image is displayed on the screen of the display unit; and a controller configured to display the comparison image along with the reference image on the screen, and a method using the image comparison device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composite formed by physical and chemical bonding of (a) a carbon nanotube (CNT); and (b) a metal complex with at least one kind of ligand coordinated to a central metal, the CNT being connected to the metal within the metal complex by a direct bond to the metal. Also, provided is a dispersant for a CNT containing a metal complex comprising (i) a complex ion with at least one kind of ligand (Ln) chemically bonded to a central metal; and (ii) a counter ion. By using a metal complex as a dispersant for a CNT, various characteristics possessed by the metal complex can be provided to the CNT, and the dispersibility of the CNT can be meaningfully increased by introducing a ligand and/or a counter ion having dispersion medium-affinitive properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a norbornene polymer that comprises a norbornene monomer having a photoreactive functional group, and a method of manufacturing the same. The norbornene polymer comprises at least 50 mol % of exo isomers among the norbornene monomers having the photoreactive functional group. Since the norbornene polymer according to the present invention comprises at least 50 mol % of exo isomers among the norbornene monomers having the photoreactive functional group, a molecular weight is significantly increased while the yield is not reduced during the manufacturing of the polymer. In views of the three dimensional structure, stability is ensured because the polymer has a planar structure in which the photoreactive groups between the molecules are close to each other. Therefore, the distance between the photoreactive groups is reduced, thus increasing the photoreaction rate.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes a positive electrode having a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode having a negative electrode active material, a separator separating the positive electrode from the negative electrode, and an electrolyte. The negative electrode active material includes a graphite core particle, at least one metal particle located on the graphite core particle, and a polymer film coating the graphite core particle and the at least one metal particle. The polymer includes a polyimide- or polyacrylate-based polymer.