Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes: preparing a wafer in which a first cell area and a second cell area are defined; forming a bottom electrode structure in the first cell area and a dummy structure located in the second cell area; and sequentially forming a dielectric layer and a top electrode on the bottom electrode structure and the dummy structure, wherein the bottom electrode structure includes a plurality of bottom electrodes extending in a first direction in the first cell area and first and second supporters to support the plurality of bottom electrodes, wherein the dummy structure includes a first mold film, a first supporter film, a second mold film, and a second supporter film that are sequentially formed to cover the second cell area, and the second supporter and the second supporter film are at a same level relative to the wafer.

Abstract: An embryonic stem cell line derived from a nucleus-transferred oocyte prepared by transferring a nucleus of a human somatic cell into an enucleated human oocyte may differentiate into various desired cell types.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a semiconductor device includes providing a substrate having a cell region and a peripheral circuit region. A plurality of bit line structures are formed on the substrate in the cell region, and a gate structure having the same structure as each of the bit line structures is formed on the substrate in the peripheral circuit region. A spacer is formed on sidewalls of the bit line structures and the gate structure. The bit line structures extend in a first direction and are spaced apart from each other in a second direction that is perpendicular to the first direction by first grooves that extend in the first direction. A sacrificial layer is formed to fill the first grooves and to cover top surfaces of the bit line structures and the gate structure. The sacrificial layer is planarized until the top surfaces of the bit line structures and the gate structure are exposed.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a semiconductor device includes providing a substrate having a cell region and a peripheral circuit region. A plurality of bit line structures are formed on the substrate in the cell region, and a gate structure having the same structure as each of the bit line structures is formed on the substrate in the peripheral circuit region. A spacer is formed on sidewalls of the bit line structures and the gate structure. The bit line structures extend in a first direction and are spaced apart from each other in a second direction that is perpendicular to the first direction by first grooves that extend in the first direction. A sacrificial layer is formed to fill the first grooves and to cover top surfaces of the bit line structures and the gate structure. The sacrificial layer is planarized until the top surfaces of the bit line structures and the gate structure are exposed.

Abstract: A wet etching nozzle, semiconductor manufacturing equipment including the same, and a wet etching method using the same are provided. The wet etching nozzle includes a first supply pipe configured to supply a first solution, for etching a partial area of an etched layer, to a substrate including the etched layer; a first suction pipe configured to suck the first solution from the substrate; a second supply pipe configured to supply a second solution for cleaning the partial area of the etched layer; and a second suction pipe configured to suck the second solution from the substrate.

Abstract: An embryonic stem cell line derived from a nucleus-transferred oocyte prepared by transferring a nucleus of a human somatic cell into an enucleated human oocyte may differentiate into various desired cell types.

Abstract: An embryonic stem cell line derived from a nucleus-transferred oocyte prepared by transferring a nucleus of a human somatic cell into an enucleated human oocyte may differentiate into various desired cell types.

Abstract: A folding table is provided for a vehicle. The folding table includes, but is not limited to a tabletop that can be fastened to a vehicle seat so that it can be pivoted from a pivoted-in non-usage position into a pivoted-out usage position. At substantially the same time, at least one connection point is provided at which accessory parts can be detachably fastened.

Abstract: One or more apparatuses and methods for enabling easy diagnosis, repair, and maintenance of a commercial display screen are disclosed. In one embodiment of the invention, this apparatus includes a removable commercial display kit box, a corresponding base plate interface unit attached to a rear panel of the commercial display screen, and a guiding mechanism for docking the removable commercial display kit box and the corresponding base plate interface unit. Furthermore, in one embodiment of the invention, the removable display kit box contains an analog-to-digital converter board, a power board, automatic-switching dual data ports, maintenance check visual indicators, and a removable fuse inlet. In case of a commercial display screen malfunction, the removable display kit box allows a quick inspection and a modular repair or replacement of a malfunctioning part, without requiring the entire commercial display screen to be dismounted from a wall or another attached structure.

Abstract: A center console is provided between two vehicle seats arranged next to each other. At least one front side of the center console, at least one container can be arranged in a detachable manner.

Abstract: An embryonic stem cell line derived from a nucleus-transferred oocyte prepared by transferring a nucleus of a human somatic cell into an enucleated human oocyte may differentiate into various desired cell types.

Abstract: A center console is provided between two vehicle seats arranged next to each other. At least one front side of the center console, at least one container can be arranged in a detachable manner.

Abstract: A composite electrolyte, a preparation method thereof, and a dye-sensitized solar cell based on an electrolyte with hollow particles of metal oxide are disclosed. A dye-sensitized solar cell includes a photoelectrode substrate, a counter electrode substrate facing the photoelectrode substrate, a light absorbing layer formed on an inner surface of the photoelectrode substrate and having a dye adsorbed thereto, and a composite electrolyte, characterized in that an electrolyte is mixed with hollow particles composed of metal oxide particulates, filled between the light absorbing layer and the counter electrode substrate.