Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus and method for correcting the location of a base station. The apparatus includes a data collection unit for receiving collected data including collection places and scan data acquired from the collection places from a collection-only terminal, and receiving scan data having no collection places from a user service terminal. A determination unit obtains correlations between respective base stations based on a number of times each base station in an identical search group is found in a search using the collected data or the scan data, and determines whether a base station has been moved, deleted or added, based on the correlations between respective base stations. A location specification unit specifies a location of the corresponding base station that has changed due to any one of the movement, deletion, and addition of the base station, based on results of the determination.

Abstract: This document discloses a method and an apparatus for transmitting a paging frame and wakeup frame. The An AP comprises a transceiver receiving a paging frame from an STA; and a processor generating a wakeup frame for informing of existence of buffered data to be transmitted to the STA in response to the paging frame, where the paging frame includes a PLCP (Physical Layer Convergence Protocol) header and the PCLP header includes a waiting time field indicating a waiting time during which an STA is operated in the active mode to receive the wakeup frame; and the wakeup frame includes a PLCP header and the PLCP header includes a wakeup indication indicating the wakeup frame and a wakeup STA identification having information specifying the STA. Therefore, an STA can reduce power consumption wasted in the active mode.

Abstract: Provided are a method for determining a moving direction of a terminal and correcting a position thereof, and a positioning apparatus using the same. Relative direction information is estimated based on N pieces of position information of the terminal, and distortion information is removed from the relative direction information to acquire relative direction information without direction integrity. Further, the relative direction information is transmitted into absolute direction information to acquire a moving path direction of the terminal. Next, the position information of the terminal is corrected based on the moving path direction of the terminal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for transmitting channel parameter information. A method for transmitting a frame in consideration of a channel environment includes the steps of: receiving long training field (LTF) setting information from a station; creating a frame including an LTF, a plurality of divided data fields, and an additional LTF on the basis of the LTF setting information; and transmitting the frame, wherein the LTF positions are ahead of the plurality of divided data fields, the additional LTF positions are between or behind the plurality of divided data fields, and the LTF setting information can be created on the basis of the movement of the station. Therefore, channel estimation performance can be increased.

Abstract: Provided is a method for transceiving data in a wireless LAN system on the basis of a station (STA). The method comprises: receiving an allocation for an association ID (AID) by associating with an access point (AP); and exchanging data with the AP during the channel access period for an STA group comprising the STA. The STA group is grouped on the basis of the AID.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and device for transmitting a frame. The method for transmitting a frame includes a step of generating A-MPDU (aggregate MAC protocol data unit) and a step of transmitting A-MPDU. The A-MPDU includes a first AMPDU subframe and a second A-MPDU subframe, wherein the first A-MPDU subframe includes a data block, and the second AMPDU subframe includes an FEC (Forward Error Correction) coding block which is additionally used in the decoding of the data block. Thus, the STA is capable of preventing unnecessary power consumption of STA by selectively determining whether FEC information is received according to whether an error occurred in the decoded data.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of performing channel sounding in a wireless LAN system. The method includes transmitting a Null Data Packet Announcement (NDPA) frame for providing notice of an NDP to be transmitted, and transmitting the NDP and receiving a feedback frame from a station (STA). The feedback frame includes channel state information created on the basis of the NDP. The NDP includes a signal field and at least one long training field (LTF) for a multiple input multiple output channel. The signal field includes a repetitive instruction subfield. The repetitive instruction subfield provides instruction on whether orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol repetition is applied to the at least one LTF.

Abstract: A nozzle assembly, according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises; a nozzle case; a nozzle provided in the nozzle case to move forward and backward, and having an ejection hole at one end thereof; and a moving guide member provided at the lower side of the nozzle case so as to reciprocate in the direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the nozzle case, wherein the nozzle case is coupled to the moving guide member so as to rotate according to a reciprocating motion of the moving guide member.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display device including a thin film transistor including an active layer, a gate electrode, a source electrode, a drain electrode, a source electrode top layer on the source electrode and a drain electrode top layer on the drain electrode, a first insulating layer between the active layer and the gate electrode, and a second insulating layer between the gate electrode and the source and drain electrodes; a pad electrode including a first pad layer at the same level as the source electrode and a second pad layer on the first pad layer and at the same level as the source and drain electrode top layers; a third insulating layer covering end portions of the source, drain, and pad electrodes and including an organic insulating layer; and a pixel electrode in an opening formed in the third insulating layer and including a semi-transmissive metal layer.

Abstract: Provided is a data transceiving method performed by a station (STA) in a wireless LAN system. The method comprises: receiving subgrouping parameter information from an access point (AP); determining whether a frame buffered in the STA subgroup in which the STA is contained exists or not based on the subgrouping parameter information; receiving a TIM element in a channel access interval for the STA subgroup from the AP if the buffered frame exists; and exchanging the AP and the frame in the channel access interval based on the TIM element.

Abstract: Provided are an organic light emitting display apparatus and a method of manufacturing the same. The organic light emitting display apparatus includes: a thin film transistor (TFT) substrate including a plurality of thin film transistors, an organic light-emissive device on the TFT substrate, and an encapsulation layer on the TFT substrate and the organic light-emissive device, the encapsulation layer being configured to cover the organic light-emissive device, the encapsulation layer including a hybrid material including: a block copolymer, and functionalized graphene.

Abstract: A system for filtering a terminal location by combining WiFi location information and sensor information, the system includes a filter that filters an inaccurate location of a terminal by combining location information calculated from WiFi signals and sensor information, and by using indicators to remove abnormal location information.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for performing channel sounding by means of an access point (AP) in a wireless LAN system. The method includes the steps of transmitting a null data packet announcement (NDPA) frame to notify that an NDP is to be transmitted, transmitting the NDP, and receiving a feedback frame from a station (STA). The NDP includes a signal field. The signal field of the NDP is transmitted through two orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. One of the two OFDM symbols is a repeated OFDM symbol signifying that the other is repeated.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus and method for calculating a TCP checksum. An apparatus for calculating a TCP checksum includes a data division unit for dividing content to be transmitted into two or more primary data fragments by a unit of a preset byte. A first checksum calculation unit calculates first checksums for the primary data fragments, respectively. A second checksum calculation unit calculates a second checksum for secondary data to be inserted into a data area of the TCP segment using the first checksums. Accordingly, in TCP-based networks, a checksum calculation procedure is improved upon transmitting static content, so that a static content transfer rate occupying most of TCP-based network traffic can be improved.

Abstract: A method for channel access in a wireless local area network is provided. The method includes: transmitting, a plurality of Request To Send (RTS) frames over a plurality of subchannels to a receiver, each RTS frame being transmitted over each of the plurality of subchannels; receiving at least one Clear To Send (CTS) frame over at least one subchannel among the plurality of subchannels from the receiver; each CTS frame being transmitted over each of the at least one subchannel, transmitting a data unit to the receiver. The data unit includes at least one data frame. The at least one data frame is transmitted over at least one selected subchannel among the at least one subchannel, each data frame being transmitted over each selected subchannel.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for providing anatomical information, including: loading, by an apparatus for providing anatomical information, image information about a patient; obtaining, by the apparatus for providing anatomical information, information about a blood vessel or an organ related to a specific surgery from the image information about the patient; generating, by the apparatus for providing anatomical information, a three-dimensional (3D) model by using the information about the blood vessel or the organ; and generating, by the apparatus for providing anatomical information, a two-dimensional (2D) model in a form of a diagram from the 3D model.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an operation-path recommendation method and apparatus. In the present disclosure, by an operation-path recommendation apparatus, a blood vessel graph model is generated based on patient's anatomical information, a plurality of candidate paths between defined start and destination points is extracted; node information on at least one node in each of the candidate paths is extracted; a cost function is applied to each candidate path, based on the extracted node information.

Abstract: A display device includes first pixels which displays a front image, second pixels which displays a rear image, scan lines extending in a first direction and connected to the first and second pixels, and data lines extending in a second direction crossing the first direction and connected to the first and second pixels. The data lines extend via the second pixels.

Abstract: The organic light emitting display apparatus includes a substrate; a buffer film on the substrate, the buffer film including a via hole, a thin film transistor (TFT) on the buffer film, the TFT including an active layer, a gate electrode, a source electrode, and a drain electrode, a first electrode electrically connected to one of the source electrode and the drain electrode and corresponding to the via hole; an intermediate layer on the first electrode, the intermediate layer including an organic emission layer, and a second electrode on the intermediate layer.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display apparatus including a substrate, an insulation layer on the substrate, and an align mark formed of an insulation material, wherein an upper surface of the insulation layer contacts a lower surface of the align mark.