Abstract: Provided is a developing device configured to develop an electrostatic latent image formed on an image bearing member by feeding a toner to the electrostatic latent image. The developing device includes a developing frame configured to form an inner space in which the toner and a carrier are to be mixed, a developing roller including an outer periphery to which the developer attaches where the developing roller feeds the toner included in the developer to the image bearing member. The developing device includes an agitator installed in the inner space and configured to mix and deliver the toner and the carrier in a direction parallel to an axial direction of the developing roller, and a plurality of concave portions arranged on a bottom surface of the developing frame.

Abstract: Provided is a data transceiving method performed by a station (STA) in a wireless LAN system. The method comprises receiving a channel access information element from an access point, said channel access information element containing STA group information and channel access interval information, said STA determining whether the channel access interval specified by the channel access interval information is for the STA based on the STA group information; and transceiving data to/from said access point during the channel access interval if the channel access interval is for the STA.

Abstract: A method for receiving a beacon frame comprises the steps of: receiving a first beacon frame which contains guard interval type information; determining a second beacon frame which is to be received after the first beacon frame on the basis of the guard interval type information; and receiving the second beacon frame, wherein the guard interval type information may be information which is related to a guard interval used when the second beacon frame is transmitted.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate including cell and dummy regions, first channel structures on the cell region and extending in a first direction vertical with respect to the substrate, gate lines surrounding outer sidewalls of the first channel structures and extending in a second direction parallel to the substrate, the gate lines being spaced apart from each other along the first direction, cutting lines between the gate lines on the cell region and extending in the second direction, dummy patterns spaced apart from each other along the first direction on the dummy region, the dummy patterns having a stepped shape along a third direction parallel to the top surface of the substrate and perpendicular to the second direction, at least a portion of the dummy patterns including a same conductive material as that in the gate lines, and dummy lines through the dummy patterns.

Abstract: An apparatus for recognizing a user's posture in a horse-riding simulator, the apparatus comprising: a standard posture model generation module configured to find out a standard posture model by selecting feature points from an expert database, and generate the standard posture model; and a posture recognizing module configured to obtain a user's posture from the horse-riding simulator, recognize a user's horse-riding posture by matching the obtained user's posture with the standard posture model generated in the standard posture model generation module, and suggest a standard posture model appropriate for a user's level.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode display is disclosed. In one aspect, the OLED display includes a first connection line extending in a first direction and electrically connected to an OLED configured to emit light, a repair line extending in a second direction crossing the first direction, and an insulating layer formed between the first connection line and the repair line and configured to electrically insulate the first connection line from the repair line. The repair line includes a joining portion extending from the repair line in the first direction and at least partially overlapping a portion of the first connection line.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for transmitting a frame, which is performed by a transmission station in a wireless LAN system that supports frame transmission and reception on the basis of a first physical layer and a second physical layer. The method comprises the steps of: transmitting a request-to-send (RTS) to a reception station through the first physical layer of the transmission station; receiving, by the reception station, a first clear-to-send (CTS) frame transmitted through the first physical layer of the reception station in response to the RTS frame; and transmitting a second CTS frame through the second physical layer of the transmission station, then transmitting a data frame through the first physical layer of the transmission station.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes a thin film transistor including an active layer, gate, source and drain electrodes, a first insulating layer disposed between the active layer and the gate electrode, and a second insulating layer disposed between the gate electrode and the source and drain electrodes; a pad electrode including a first pad layer disposed on the same layer as the source and drain electrodes and a second pad layer disposed on the first pad layer; a third insulating layer covering the source electrode and the drain electrode and an end portion of the pad electrode; a pixel electrode including a semi-transmissive metal layer and disposed in an opening formed in the third insulating layer; and a fourth insulating layer having an opening formed in a location corresponding to an opening formed in the third insulating layer and covering the end portion of the pixel electrode.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a method for controlling device transmission power is disclosed. The method may include performing communication at first transmission power using a first communication module, performing communication at a second transmission power using a second communication module, and/or adjusting a transmission power of the first communication module from the first transmission power to a second transmission power for at least a part of time while performing communication using the second communication module.

Abstract: Provided is a method for transmitting a data unit in a wireless local area network system, according to one embodiment. The method comprises transmitting a signal field, transmitting a first data symbol for a first data field, and transmitting a second data symbol for a second data field. The signal field, the first data symbol, and the second data symbol are transmitted through a 1 MHz channel bandwidth having a band of 1 GHz or less. Two pilot tones are inserted to each of the first data symbol and the second data symbol.

Abstract: A system and a method for motion estimation are disclosed. The system for motion estimation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes: a plurality of motion sensors mounted near joints of a body and configured to provide motion information; a depth sensor configured to provide 3-dimensional image information having a 3-dimensional coordinate for each pixel; and a motion estimation device configured to estimate a motion by use of the motion information and the 3-dimensional image information, wherein the motion estimation device includes: a converging unit configured to compute mounting position information of the motion sensors by performing an initialization process by converging the motion information and the 3-dimensional image information; and an estimating unit configured to estimate the motion by computing a state vector including the mounting position information and the motion information.

Abstract: A method and device are provided for forwarding an incoming call according to a remaining battery capacity. The method includes determining that the remaining battery capacity is below a threshold; providing an indication that the remaining battery capacity is below the threshold and that a call forwarding function may be set; receiving an input from a user to select a contact number; and sending, to an adjacent base station, a request for call forwarding an incoming call to the selected contact number.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display apparatus including a substrate, an insulation layer on the substrate, and an align mark formed of an insulation material, wherein an upper surface of the insulation layer contacts a lower surface of the align mark.

Abstract: A communication method based on identifying information assignment in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, performed by a station (STA), is provided. The method includes receiving an identifier assignment message from an access point (AP), wherein the identifier assignment message comprises identifying information for the STA, and TIM offset information for a time point at which at least one traffic indication map (TIM) element for the STA starts to be transmitted; receiving a first TIM element from the AP at a time point indicated by the TIM offset information; determining whether the first TIM element comprises the identifying information; and receiving a first data frame from the AP if the first TIM element contains the identifying information.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and apparatus for transmitting a training field. The method for transmitting a training field in a wireless LAN system comprises the steps of: transmitting additional long training field (LTF) indication information; and transmitting a frame including the additional LTF and partitioned data fields. The additional LTF comprises a field for demodulating the partitioned data fields included in the frame, the additional LTF indication information includes information on the location of the additional LTF included in the frame, and the partitioned data field includes at least one sub-field. Accordingly, the present invention can enhance channel estimation performance.

Abstract: A method for a channel sounding in a wireless local area network. A station receives a 20 MHz null data packet announcement (NDPA) frame and at least one duplicate 20 MHz NDPA frame. The at least one duplicate 20 MHz NDPA frame is a duplicate of the 20 MHz NDPA frame. The station also receives a null data packet (NDP) following the 20 MHz NDPA frame and the at least one duplicate 20 MHz NDPA frame. The bandwidth over which the 20 MHz NDPA frame and the at least one duplicate 20 MHz NDPA frame are transmitted is the same as a bandwidth over which the NDP is transmitted. The station transmits a report frame for the channel sounding. The 20 MHz NDPA frame and the at least one duplicate 20 MHz NDPA frame comprise bandwidth information indicating the bandwidth over which the frames are transmitted.

Abstract: In an aspect, a method of receiving a data unit, performed by an Access Point (AP), in a Wireless LAN (WLAN) system is provided. The method includes transmitting a signal protection frame, the signal protection frame comprising a group ID field indicating a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) transmission STA group including a first station (STA) and a second STA; and, a spatial stream field indicating a number of spatial streams allocated to each of member STAs included in the MIMO transmission STA group; receiving a first preamble for a first data unit from the first STA; receiving a second preamble for a second data unit from the second STA; and simultaneously receiving the first data unit from the first STA and the second data unit from the second STA.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for feed back of channel state information. The method for transmitting channel state information comprises the steps of: receiving a null data packet (NDP) frame; calculating signal to noise ratio (SNR) information based on subcarrier information of at least one spatial stream via which the NDP frame is transmitted; and calculating a compressed beamforming feedback matrix including channel state information based on the information on the subcarrier used in transmitting the spatial stream. Thus, accurate feedback information is calculated from a frequency selective channel and utilized to enable the efficient utilization of frequency resources.

Abstract: A method of apparatus for channel access in a wireless local area network is provided. A station receives a channel access control message including group indication information indicating a group of stations allowed to access a channel from an access point. The station attempts contention for accessing the channel if the station belongs to the group indicated by the group indication information.

Abstract: A red phosphorescent compound includes a host material being capable of transporting an electron or a hole; and a dopant material represented by following Formula 1: wherein the is one of and each of R1 to R4 is one of the group consisting of hydrogen atom (H), C1 to C6 substituted or non-substituted alkyl group, C1 to C6 substituted or non-substituted alkoxy group, and halogen atom.