Abstract: A host device determines to delete data corresponding to a selected logical block address, transmits a trim request corresponding to the selected logical block address to a storage device, and re-transmitting the trim request to the storage device based on whether a re-transmission requirement of the trim request has been satisfied. The storage device receives the trim request from the host device, determines whether the trim request is a first trim request, and performs a trim operation corresponding to the received trim request based on a result of the determination. The memory device may store one or more trim requests in a buffer memory and perform the trim operation according to the stored trim requests.

Abstract: A coil component includes a body having one surface and another surface opposing each other in one direction, an internal insulating layer embedded in the body, and a coil portion disposed on the internal insulating layer and forming at least one turn. First and second external electrodes are disposed on the one surface of the body to be spaced apart from each other, and first and second connection electrodes respectively penetrate through the body to connect the coil portion and the first and second external electrodes to each other. A support electrode extends from the coil portion to be exposed to the other surface of the body to support the coil portion and the internal insulating layer.

Abstract: A display device includes: a substrate including a display area and a non-display area; a transistor and a light emitting element, which are disposed on the display area; a pad portion disposed in the non-display area, where the pad portion includes a first metal pattern; and a printed circuit board or a data driver, which is connected with the pad portion. The transistor includes a semiconductor layer disposed on the substrate and a source electrode or a drain electrode which is electrically connected with the semiconductor layer. The source electrode or the drain electrode includes a first layer including a first metal, a second layer including a second metal, and a third layer including the first metal, where the first metal pattern includes the first metal, and is connected with the printed circuit board or the data driver.

Abstract: A coil component includes an insulating substrate; a coil portion disposed on at least one surface of the insulating substrate; and a body embedding the insulating substrate and the coil portion and having an active portion in which the coil portion is disposed, and a cover portion disposed on the active portion. A ratio of a thickness (T2) of the cover portion to a thickness (T1) of the insulating substrate satisfies 3<T2/T1<6, and the thickness (T2) of the cover portion satisfies 90 ?m<T2<120 ?m.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling an operation in a memory system includes a volatile memory including plural memory cells, a column data checking circuitry configured to determine whether all pieces of data outputted from memory cells corresponding to a bit line are identical to each other, and an error correction circuitry configured to determine whether the pieces of data include an error based at least on a type of data, a state of data, and an output of the column data checking circuitry, and to resolve the error.

Abstract: Semiconductor packages may include a semiconductor chip on a substrate and an under-fill layer between the semiconductor chip and the substrate. The semiconductor chip may include a semiconductor substrate including first and second regions, and an interlayer dielectric layer that may cover the semiconductor substrate and may include connection lines. First conductive pads may be on the first region and may be electrically connected to some of the connection lines. Second conductive pads may be on the second region and may be electrically isolated from all of the connection lines. The semiconductor chip may also include a passivation layer that may cover the interlayer dielectric layer and may include holes that may expose the first and second conductive pads, respectively. On the second region, the under-fill layer may include a portion that may be in one of the first holes and contact one of the second conductive pads.

Abstract: Disclosed is an embodiment is a thermoelectric module comprising: a first thermally conductive plate; a thermoelectric element arranged on the first thermally conductive plate; a second thermally conductive plate arranged on the thermoelectric element; and a cover frame, which is arranged on the first thermally conductive plate, and has an accommodation space such that the thermoelectric element is accommodated in the accommodation space, wherein the thermoelectric element includes: a first substrate; a plurality of thermoelectric legs arranged on the first substrate; a second substrate arranged on the plurality of thermoelectric legs; and electrodes comprising a plurality of first electrodes arranged between the first substrate and the plurality of thermoelectric legs; and a plurality of second electrodes arranged between the second substrate and the plurality of thermoelectric legs, and the cover frame includes: an outer frame arranged to be spaced from the thermoelectric element on the first thermally cond

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate including an opening area, a peripheral area adjacent to the opening area, and a display area adjacent to the peripheral area; a semiconductor layer overlapping the display area, disposed on the substrate, and including a channel; a gate electrode overlapping the channel of the semiconductor layer; an insulating layer disposed on the gate electrode, and including a first inorganic insulating layer and a second inorganic insulating layer disposed on the first inorganic insulating layer; a first electrode disposed on the insulating layer; an emission layer disposed on the first electrode; and a second electrode disposed on the emission layer, wherein the second inorganic insulating layer is not disposed in at least a portion of an open region in which the emission layer and the second electrode are disconnected in the peripheral area.

Abstract: A plasmonic hierarchical structure according to an embodiment includes a nanogap formed between metal nanoparticles. The nanogap has a width of 1 nm to 100 nm. The metal nanoparticles comprise at least one selected from the group consisting of gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), platinum (Pt), and palladium (Pd). The plasmonic hierarchical structure further includes silica (SiO2) nanoparticles or CdSe quantum dots. A method for producing a plasmonic hierarchical structure according to an embodiment includes: injecting a metal nanoparticle solution into a micropipette; releasing the metal nanoparticle solution by bringing the micropipette into contact with a substrate; and forming a meniscus of the released metal nanoparticle solution, thereby producing a plasmonic hierarchical structure.

Abstract: A memory system includes: a memory device including a plurality of memory blocks each having a plurality of pages suitable for storing data; and a controller suitable for: receiving a plurality of commands from a host; controlling the memory device to perform a plurality of command operations in response to the plurality of commands; identifying parameters for the memory blocks affected by the command operations performed to the memory blocks; selecting first memory blocks among the memory blocks according to the parameters; and controlling the memory device to swap data stored in the first memory blocks to second memory blocks among the memory blocks.

Abstract: Disclosed are: a skin care device which determines whether, on the basis of a voltage fluctuation according to contact with the skin, the skin care device has been rubbed, and which blocks the output of current through an electrode when rubbing does not occur for at least a set time; and a control method therefor. The disclosed skin care device determines the state of the skin care device on the basis of sensing voltage corresponding to a change in current of a transformation module according to the outputting of alternating current into the skin through contact electrodes, and blocks the output of current of an electrode module if the skin care device is in a fixed state.

Abstract: A colorimetric biosensor according to an embodiment includes a transition metal, a solvent and an additive. The colorimetric biosensor further includes M13 bacteriophage. The colorimetric biosensor is for sensing glucose, lactate or pyruvate. A colorimetric biokit according to an embodiment, includes a plurality of arrays, each having a colorimetric biosensor including a transition metal, a solvent, and an additive. Colors of the arrays change depending on the presence or absence of an analyte. The analyte is glucose, lactate, or pyruvate.

Abstract: A semiconductor device comprises a substrate comprising a cell region; a cell region isolation film in the substrate and extending along an outer edge of the cell region; a bit-line structure on the substrate and in the cell region, wherein the bit-line structure has a distal end positioned on the cell region isolation film; a cell spacer on a vertical side surface of the distal end of the bit-line structure; an etching stopper film extending along a side surface of the cell spacer and a top face of the cell region isolation film; and an interlayer insulating film on the etching stopper film, and on the side surface of the cell spacer, wherein the interlayer insulating film includes silicon nitride.

Abstract: A memory system may include: a nonvolatile memory device including a plurality of memory blocks, each of which includes a plurality of pages, and among which a subset of memory blocks are managed as a system area and remaining memory blocks are managed as a normal area; and a controller may store system data, used to control the nonvolatile memory device, in the system area, and storing boot data, used in a host and normal data updated in a control operation for the nonvolatile memory device, in the normal area, the controller may perform a checkpoint operation each time storage of N number of boot data among the boot data is completed, and may perform the checkpoint operation each time the control operation for the nonvolatile memory device is completed, ‘N’ being a natural number.

Abstract: A memory system includes a nonvolatile memory device and a controller configured to control the nonvolatile memory device. The nonvolatile memory device includes a first data storage region in which a memory cell stores one-bit data in a first mode and a second data storage region in which a memory cell stores two-bit or more data in a second mode. The controller controls the nonvolatile memory device to perform a read operation on the first data storage region and the second data storage region in the second mode. The controller decodes first data read from the first data storage region, and decodes second data read from the second data storage region. The controller controls the nonvolatile memory device to perform the read operation on the first data storage region in the second mode.

Abstract: Provided are a protein conjugate in which a physiologically active polypeptide is linked to a biocompatible material via a non-peptidyl polymer-coupled fatty acid derivative compound serving as a linker, exhibiting an increased duration of physiological activity compared to natural forms and a preparation method therefor. Since an increase in serum half-life of the physiologically active polypeptide of the protein conjugate, in which the biocompatible material, the non-peptidyl polymer-coupled fatty acid derivative compound, and the physiologically active polypeptide are linked, is proved, the protein conjugate may be widely used in the field of protein drugs.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a semiconductor memory device with improved element performance and reliability. The semiconductor memory device comprises a substrate, a gate electrode extending in a first direction in the substrate, a plurality of buried contacts on the substrate, and a fence in a trench between adjacent ones of the buried contacts. The fence is on the gate electrode. The fence includes a spacer film on side walls of the trench and extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction, and a filling film in the trench and on the spacer film. An upper surface of the spacer film is lower than an upper surface of the filling film with respect to the substrate.

Abstract: A thermoelectric element according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a first metallic substrate; a first resin layer which is disposed on the first metallic substrate and comes in direct contact with the first metallic substrate; a plurality of first electrodes disposed on the first resin layer; a plurality of P-type thermoelectric legs and a plurality of N-type thermoelectric legs disposed on the plurality of first electrodes; a plurality of second electrodes disposed on the plurality of P-type thermoelectric legs and the plurality of N-type thermoelectric legs; a second resin layer disposed on the plurality of second electrodes; and a second metallic substrate disposed on the second resin layer, wherein a surface of the first metallic substrate that faces the first resin layer comprises a first region and a second region disposed inside the first region, wherein a surface roughness of the second region is greater than a surface roughness of the first region, wherein the first resin layer

Abstract: A door of an air conditioner for a vehicle, which can prevent damage and distortion by bending during assembly and reinforce strength due to a plate-shaped sliding door with flexibility. The door is disposed inside an air-conditioning case to adjust the degree of opening of an air passageway, and includes a door body formed in a plate shape and formed to be able to slide in the air-conditioning case, and a reinforcing part formed from at least one side of the door body in a thickness direction and extending in an axial direction, which is perpendicular to a sliding direction of the door body.

Abstract: A display device includes: a substrate including a display area and a peripheral area surrounding an opening; a transistor disposed in the display area; a first electrode electrically connected to the transistor; an auxiliary layer disposed between the transistor and the first electrode and overlapping the first electrode in a plan view; a pixel definition layer overlapping the first electrode and an edge of the auxiliary layer in the plan view; an intermediate layer, an emission layer, and a second electrode disposed on the first electrode; at least one or more dams disposed on the peripheral area; and an encapsulation layer disposed on the light-emitting element. The intermediate layer includes a cutting part disposed between the display area and the opening.