Abstract: A semiconductor device comprising: a lower insulating layer; a field insulating layer on the lower insulating layer; an upper insulating layer on the field insulating layer; a first through via in the upper insulating layer; a second through via in the field insulating layer; and a third through via in the lower insulating layer, wherein the second through via is connected to the first and third through vias, and wherein a width of a top surface of the second through via is greater than a width of a bottom surface of the first through via, a width of a bottom surface of the second through via is greater than a width of a top surface of the third through via, and a width of a middle portion of the second through via is greater than the widths of the top surface and the bottom surface of the second through via.

Abstract: Electronic device includes first wireless communication interface; second wireless communication interface; and controller.

Abstract: The inventive concept provides a substrate treating method. The substrate treating method includes taking in a substrate to a treating space to mount on a support unit; upwardly moving the support unit after mounting the substrate on the support unit; determining whether the support unit moves normally after the upwardly moving the support unit; and treating the substrate by generating a plasma in the treating space, and wherein at the determining whether the support unit moves normally, before the plasma is generated at the treating space at the treating the substrate, whether a pulse distance matching a predetermined distance data according to a pulse value of a driving unit which pulse-moves a moving body which moves the support unit in a top/down direction, matches a movement distance of the moving body is determined, and an interlock is generated if the pulse distance and the movement distance is different.

Abstract: A smart pod is used for safe and convenient loading and unloading of cargo as well as fast and efficient transport thereof, and a mobility system transports the smart pod. The smart pod includes an upper surface, a lower surface, and a pair of first sidewalls connecting the upper surface and the lower surface to each other. The first sidewalls have a hexagonal shape, and a fastening protrusion is installed on the upper surface and configured to retract from the upper surface.

Abstract: A transporting robot is utilized for rapid and efficient logistics and transportation. The transporting robot includes a main body having a flat upper surface, support frames that are respectively provided on both sides of the main body, extend downwardly, and define a predetermined angle with respect to the upper surface of the main body, a leg rotatably installed on the support frame, and a wheel installed at an end of the leg. The leg is configured to be folded below the main body, raised toward the main body, or unfolded outside of the main body.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and method for loading and unloading cargo of air mobility, in which cargo loading and unloading may be automated without the aid of human resources, as well as enabling loading and unloading of cargo in a required location without an air mobility landing. The apparatus includes a winch installed in a cargo hold of an air mobility, a multiarticulated robot arm suspended from the winch, and a gripper provided on an end of the multiarticulated robot arm and capable of gripping a container.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a mobility capable of automating loading and unloading of a cargo without the aid of manpower and an apparatus for loading and unloading a cargo. The mobility includes a cargo hold that accommodates a cargo; and a loading plate positioned to be spaced apart from a bottom of the cargo hold and installed so as to be able to tilt toward any one side of the mobility in the cargo hold.

Abstract: A central management server according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a selection module for selecting an unmanned aircraft and an unmanned robot to monitor a management target area; and a control module for transmitting a monitoring execution command to the selected unmanned aircraft and the unmanned robot, wherein, according to the monitoring execution command, the unmanned robot moves along a preset ground guard route and monitors the management target area on the ground, and the unmanned aircraft flies along a preset air guard route and monitors the management target area from above. When it may be determined that an event has occurred during monitoring, at least one of the unmanned aircraft and the unmanned robot may be configured to transmit event information including location information of a point at which the event has occurred to the control module.

Abstract: A central management server includes a determination module determining a landable local delivery hub among a plurality of local delivery hubs located within a preset radius centered around a destination, when a location information request for the landable local delivery hub is received from an unmanned cargo aircraft; and a control module configured to transmit a landing command including the location information of the determined landable local delivery hub to the unmanned cargo aircraft, and transmit a task execution command to cause the unmanned cargo aircraft to deliver goods to the destination. The determination module determines the landable local delivery hub, based on a combination of an expected landing standby period of the unmanned cargo aircraft, an expected battery consumption amount of the unmanned cargo aircraft, an expected delivery period of the unmanned delivery robot, and an expected battery consumption amount of the unmanned delivery robot.

Abstract: A delivery management server includes: a control module for searching for a plurality of delivery locations located on a navigation route among the navigation information and transmitting the searched delivery locations, when order information and navigation information of goods are received; and a determination module for determining an assembly point to receive goods loaded in an unmanned cargo aircraft according to the order information and an unmanned delivery robot to receive the goods from the assembly point and deliver them to the delivery location to receive the goods from the assembly point and deliver the same to the delivery location, so that the goods can be delivered to the delivery location within the estimated arrival time, when the delivery location selected by the user among the plurality of delivery locations and the estimated arrival time of the vehicle to the selected delivery location are received.

Abstract: An apparatus for loading and unloading cargo, capable of loading cargo while distributing the weight of the cargo and unloading the cargo regardless of the loading order of the cargo, is provided. The apparatus for loading and unloading cargo may include: a base portion; a rail installed on the base portion; a plurality of movable plates disposed on the rail, supporting the cargo, and moving along the rail; and a raising-lowering portion connected between the base portion and a body so that the base portion can be raised and lowered.

Abstract: Provided are a backlight unit, a down-conversion medium including the same, and a display device including the down-conversion medium. The backlight unit includes a light source configured to generate blue light; and an optical film configured to absorb a portion of the blue light generated from the light source to generate red light and green light, wherein the optical film includes a quantum dot matrix in which semi-metal element oxide is embedded.

Abstract: Embedded refresh controllers included in memory devices and memory devices including the embedded refresh controllers are provided. The embedded refresh controllers may include a refresh counter and an address generator. The refresh counter may generate a counter refresh address signal in response to a counter refresh signal such that the counter refresh address signal may represent a sequentially changing address. The address generator may store information with respect to a hammer address that is accessed intensively and may generates a hammer refresh address signal in response to a hammer refresh signal such that the hammer refresh address signal may represent an address of a row that is physically adjacent to a row of the hammer address. Loss of cell data may be reduced and performance of the memory device may be enhanced by detecting the intensively-accessed hammer address and performing the refresh operation based on the detected hammer address efficiently.

Abstract: An input apparatus, a method of inputting a command, and a vehicle equipped with the input apparatus are provided. The input apparatus includes a base frame and a movable manipulation unit installed at the base frame to be movable to at least one selectable position of a plurality of selectable positions. Additionally, a controller is configured to select an application to be executed according to the at least one selectable position to which the movable manipulation unit has moved and operate the movable manipulation unit to execute an operation that corresponds to the selected application.

Abstract: A refresh controller of a memory device may include a timing controller, a refresh counter and an address generator. The timing controller generates a counter refresh signal in response to receiving a refresh command provided from an external device, and generates a hammer refresh signal that is activated periodically. The refresh counter generates a counter refresh address signal in response to the counter refresh signal, such that the counter refresh address signal represents a row address, the refresh counter being configured sequentially change the counter refresh address signal. The address generator generates a hammer refresh address signal in response to the hammer refresh signal, the hammer refresh address signal representing an address of a row of the memory device that is physically adjacent to a row of the memory device corresponding to a hammer address that is accessed intensively.

Abstract: A refresh controller of a memory device may include a timing controller, a refresh counter and an address generator. The timing controller generates a counter refresh signal in response to receiving a refresh command provided from an external device, and generates a hammer refresh signal that is activated periodically. The refresh counter generates a counter refresh address signal in response to the counter refresh signal, such that the counter refresh address signal represents a row address, the refresh counter being configured sequentially change the counter refresh address signal. The address generator generates a hammer refresh address signal in response to the hammer refresh signal, the hammer refresh address signal representing an address of a row of the memory device that is physically adjacent to a row of the memory device corresponding to a hammer address that is accessed intensively.

Abstract: Embedded refresh controllers included in memory devices and memory devices including the embedded refresh controllers are provided. The embedded refresh controllers may include a refresh counter and an address generator. The refresh counter may generate a counter refresh address signal in response to a counter refresh signal such that the counter refresh address signal may represent a sequentially changing address. The address generator may store information with respect to a hammer address that is accessed intensively and may generates a hammer refresh address signal in response to a hammer refresh signal such that the hammer refresh address signal may represent an address of a row that is physically adjacent to a row of the hammer address. Loss of cell data may be reduced and performance of the memory device may be enhanced by detecting the intensively-accessed hammer address and performing the refresh operation based on the detected hammer address efficiently.

Abstract: A data loading circuit comprises a non-volatile memory configured to store non-volatile data and output a serial data signal based on the stored non-volatile data in response to a power-up operation, a deserializer configured to receive the serial data signal and output multiple data bits at intervals of a unit period based on the received serial data signal, a load controller configured to generate multiple loading selection signals that are sequentially activated one-by-one at each interval of the unit period, and a loading memory unit configured to sequentially store the data bits at each interval of the unit period in response to the loading selection signals.