Abstract: The present invention provides a Mo—Bi—Nb based composite metal oxide (with the proviso that Te is not included); a method for producing (meth)acrylic acid from at least one reactant selected from the group consisting of propylene, propane, isobutylene, t-butyl alcohol and methyl-t-butyl ether, in which a Mo—Bi—Nb based composite metal oxide (with the proviso that Te is not included) is used as a catalyst; and a reactor used for producing (meth)acrylic acid from at least one reactant selected from the group consisting of propylene, propane, isobutylene, t-butyl alcohol and methyl-t-butyl ether, in which a Mo—Bi—Nb based composite metal oxide (with the proviso that Te is not included) is used as a catalyst. Further, the present invention provides a method for producing the (meth)acrylic acid without any additional process of converting (meth)acrolein into (meth)acrylic acid.

Abstract: A semiconductor device with a strain layer and a method of fabricating the semiconductor device with a strain layer that can reduce a loading effect are provided. By arranging active dummies and gate dummies not to overlap each other, the area of active dummy on which a strain layer dummy will be formed can be secured, thereby reducing the loading effect.

Abstract: A clock generation method and apparatus in a multimedia system includes generating a first intermediate clock with multiple phases by multiplying a frequency of an input clock by a predetermined factor using a phase-locked loop or a delay-locked loop, generating a transmission clock by dividing a frequency of the first intermediate clock by 5, and generating a pixel clock used in the multimedia system using a frequency of the transmission clock. When the first intermediate clock with the multiple phases is used to generate the pixel clock corresponding to a color depth, the number of phase-locked loops or delay-locked loops necessary for frequency multiplication can be reduced.

Abstract: A method for discovering pharmacologically active substances from natural products at high speed, including: obtaining an activity profile by testing pharmacological activity of a plurality of samples; obtaining mass profiles based on mass spectra resulting from analysis of the samples by mass spectrometry; and determining molecular weight of pharmacologically active substances by comparing and analyzing the activity profile and the mass profile. The method allows fast discovery of pharmacologically active substances by performing high resolution mass spectrometry for numerous components included in an extract sample of natural products and comparing with the activity test data. The information about the intensity of the activity of the pharmacologically active substances of the natural products allows effective utilization of the natural products.

Abstract: An application protection method and an application execution method using the same are provided. The application protection method generates a key needed to execute the application which is provided to a user terminal using information on the user terminal, information on the application, and a part of text; and transmits the generated key to the user terminal. Therefore, the application is executed on the device which has a legal right for the application, thereby preventing the illegal use of the application.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing cancer using information on aberrant glycosylation of glycoproteins, which is related with cancer progression. More particularly, the present invention relates to a peptide marker for cancer diagnosis and a method for diagnosing cancer using the peptide marker, wherein glycoproteins aberrantly glycosylated due to cancer incidence and progression is isolated using lectin; and marker peptides generated by hydrolysis of the glycoproteins isolated by the lectin is selected and quantified.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for controlling a pipeline-type ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer, in which an ion trap unit of the ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer is capable of using two digitizers at the same time, thus enabling a measurement process for detecting an electrical signal which indicates the mass of ions corresponding to a specific purpose, and another measurement process for detecting another electrical signal which indicates the mass of ions corresponding to another specific purpose, to be simultaneously performed. Accordingly, it is an aim of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method to for controlling a pipeline-type ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer, which can overcome the problems of time delay among control procedures, and can present a signal detection step wherein an excitation electrode is utilized to improve the sensitivity and speed of signal detection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for reconstructing protein database for identifying a protein and a method for screening a protein using the same, more precisely a method for reconstructing protein database, and a method for identifying a protein using the same. The method for reconstructing protein database and the method for identifying the protein of the invention are very useful for the investigation of endogenous proteins and their functions and interactions, and are further effectively used for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic agents for various diseases.

Abstract: A termination circuit for a HDMI transmitter includes a bias unit and a termination resistor unit connected in parallel between a positive transmission pin and a negative transmission pin. The bias unit generates a bias voltage by selecting the higher voltage among a first voltage received through the positive transmission pin and a second voltage received through the negative transmission pin. The termination resistor unit is formed on a well region biased by the bias voltage, and conditionally provides a termination resistance between the positive transmission pin and the negative transmission pin in response to a termination resistor control signal. The termination circuit conditionally provides a termination resistance without a leakage current. The termination resistance may be varied by using an n-bit control code.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing cancer using information on the aberrant glycosylation of a glycoprotein. More precisely, the present invention relates to a cancer diagnosis peptide marker, which is screened by: a step of separating, using a lectin, a glycoprotein which is aberrantly glycosylated in accordance with the occurrence of cancer; and a step of selecting a hydrolyzed peptide marker derived from the aberrantly glycosylated glycoprotein by observing the quantitative changes in the separated glycoprotein. The present invention also relates to a method for diagnosing cancer using the peptide marker as an agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a peptide marker for cancer diagnosis and a cancer diagnosis method using the same, more precisely to a peptide marker for cancer diagnosis screened by the following steps: separating and concentrating glycoproteins including a certain glycan chain related to the occurrence of cancer; hydrolyzing the glycoproteins to obtain polypeptides; and quantitatively analyzing the polypeptides to identify certain polypeptides that can track quantitative changes in glycoproteins glycosylated in a specific manner by the occurrence of cancer, and to a cancer diagnosis method using the said peptide marker.

Abstract: The present invention provides a Mo—Bi—Nb based composite metal oxide (with the proviso that Te is not included); a method for producing (meth)acrylic acid from at least one reactant selected from the group consisting of propylene, propane, isobutylene, t-butyl alcohol and methyl-t-butyl ether, in which a Mo—Bi—Nb based composite metal oxide (with the proviso that Te is not included) is used as a catalyst; and a reactor used for producing (meth)acrylic acid from at least one reactant selected from the group consisting of propylene, propane, isobutylene, t-butyl alcohol and methyl-t-butyl ether, in which a Mo—Bi—Nb based composite metal oxide (with the proviso that Te is not included) is used as a catalyst. Further, the present invention provides a method for producing the (meth)acrylic acid without any additional process of converting (meth)acrolein into (meth)acrylic acid.

Abstract: A receiver may include a clock and data recovery circuit, a detection circuit and a sampling clock generator. The clock and data recovery circuit may receive first data and sample the first data to generate recovered data in response to a reception sampling clock signal. The detection circuit may detect a frequency difference between a transmission sampling clock signal and the reception sampling clock signal by comparing the first data and the reception sampling clock signal to generate a frequency difference detection signal. The sampling clock generator may generate the reception sampling clock signal based on the frequency difference detection signal and a first reference clock signal. Therefore, a communication system including the receiver may effectively reduce a jitter noise.

Abstract: Methods of forming dual-damascene metal wiring patterns include forming a first metal wiring pattern (e.g., copper wiring pattern) on an integrated circuit substrate and forming an etch-stop layer on the first metal wiring pattern. These steps are followed by the steps of forming an electrically insulating layer on the etch-stop layer and forming an inter-metal dielectric layer on the electrically insulating layer. The inter-metal dielectric layer and the electrically insulating layer are selectively etched in sequence to define an opening therein that exposes a first portion of the etch-stop layer. This opening may include a trench and a via hole extending downward from a bottom of the trench. A first barrier metal layer is formed on a sidewall of the opening and directly on the first portion of the etch-stop layer. A portion of the first barrier metal layer is selectively removed from the first portion of the etch-stop layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display comprises a matrix pattern formed in a double layer comprising a lower pattern having a hydrophilic property on a substrate, and a black matrix having a hydrophobic property on the lower pattern; and color filters formed in the pixel area.

Abstract: A spread-spectrum clock generator includes: a phase interpolator mixing a plurality of clock signals, which differ from each other in phase, and modulating a clock signal resulting from mixing the clock signals; and a controller generating a control signal to generate weights of the plurality of clock signals for modulating the clock signal. The phase interpolator regulates a modulation speed of the clock by adjusting a generation speed of the weights.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cancer diagnosis method using peptides containing information on the glycosylation of a glycoprotein involving cancer development. More particularly, the present invention relates to a cancer diagnosis method which obtains peptides from the glycoprotein involving cancer development through a hydrolysis process using an enzyme, and quantitatively detects, from among the thus-obtained peptides, glycosylation-related specific peptides which are influenced by the glycosylation of proteins and show specific quantitative changes in the hydrolysis process, to thereby select glycosylation-related specific peptides which show specific quantitative changes in accordance with cancer development. The cancer diagnosis method of the present invention uses the thus-selected glycosylation-related specific peptides as a marker.

Abstract: The invention provides a system and method for automatically displaying a user's logged-in status across an Internet based network of affiliated Web sites via a visual indicator such as a toolbar to help the user to be certain about his logged-in status when he stays with one or switches from one to another affiliated Web site.

Abstract: A fractional-N phase locked loop is provided. The fractional-N phase locked loop includes a phase adjusting circuit detecting a phase difference between a reference clock signal and a feedback clock signal and outputting a plurality of phase clock signals in response to the detected phase difference, a phase selector selecting and outputting one of the plurality of phase clock signals output from the phase adjusting circuit in response to a phase selection signal, a control circuit generating the phase selection signal by using a sigma-delta modulator operation clock signal, which is generated by dividing the selected phase clock signal by each of N or more different integers (N is an integer more than or equal to 2), and a first divider generating the feedback clock signal by dividing the selected phase clock signal by an integer.

Abstract: An apparatus for electrospray ionization may include: a platform including an inlet port, a first channel connected to the inlet port, a second channel connected to the first channel, and an outlet port connected to the second channel; a nebulizer provided in the first channel and configured to spray inert gas to a sample sprayed into the first channel through the inlet port; and a focusing lens provided in the second channel and configured to focus ions produced from the sprayed sample toward the outlet port.