Abstract: The electrochemical energy conversion system of the present disclosure includes an anode, a cathode, and an ion exchange membrane including a polymer having an aromatic polymer chain and an alkylated substrate including an alkyl chain, and at least one ionic group. The alkylated substrate is bound to at least one aromatic group in the polymer chain via Friedel-Crafts alkylation of the at least one aromatic group. The alkylation reaction utilizes a haloalkylated tertiary alcohol or a haloalkylated alkene as a precursor. In the presence of an acid catalyst, a carbocation is generated in the precursor which reacts with the aromatic rings of the polymer chain. The at least one ionic group is then replaced with a desired cationic or anionic group using a substitution reaction. The membranes exhibit advantageous stability achieved through a simplified and scalable reaction scheme.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of operating a selector device, a method of operating a nonvolatile memory apparatus to which the selector device is applied, an electronic circuit device including the selector device, and a nonvolatile memory apparatus. The method of operating the selector device controls access to a memory element, and includes providing the selector device including a switching layer and first and second electrodes disposed on both surfaces of the switching layer, which includes an insulator and a metal element, and applying a multi-step voltage pulse to the switching layer via the first and second electrodes to adjust a threshold voltage of the selector device, the multi-step voltage pulse including a threshold voltage control pulse and an operating voltage pulse. The operating voltage pulse has a magnitude for turning on the selector device, and the threshold voltage control pulse has a lower magnitude lower than the operating voltage pulse.

Abstract: A razor blade is provided. The razor blade includes a substrate including a substrate tip, and a first surface and a second surface extending from the substrate tip; and a coating, layered on the substrate, including an ultimate tip, and a first cutting surface and a second cutting surface extending from the ultimate tip and corresponding to the first surface and the second surface, respectively, wherein the first cutting surface includes a first facet extending from the ultimate tip and a second facet extending from the first facet, the second cutting surface includes a third facet extending from the ultimate tip and corresponding to the first facet and the second facet, a first line tangent to the first facet and a second line tangent to the second facet are not parallel, and the ultimate tip is deviated from a central line that divides the substrate in two and passes through the substrate tip.

Abstract: A touch display device including a display panel including a plurality of first pixels and a plurality of second pixels alternately disposed along a first direction, and a touch screen layer disposed on the display panel, the touch screen layer including a plurality of first touch electrodes having a zigzag shape and disposed between one of the first and second pixels along a second direction crossing the first direction, in which a first pixel of the first pixels and a second pixel of the second pixels have different sizes from each other, and a first distance from a first touch electrode of the first touch electrodes to the first pixel is different from a second distance from the first touch electrode to the second pixel.

Abstract: A hidden lighting lamp uses a color conversion material and is applied to a vehicle. A color conversion member is spaced apart from a light source by a light source air gap (La) such that the color conversion member is integrally engaged with a lens for projecting light of the light source to the outside or such that the color conversion member is spaced apart from the lens by a lens air gap (Lb). Hidden lighting without deterioration of optical efficiency of LED light from the light source is thereby implemented. One or more of a black painting, a coating layer, an application layer, and a deposition layer are provided, thereby providing concealment of the lamp inner space of the lens, anti-peeling of a deposit, and diversity of fluorescent color.

Abstract: A system and method for facilitating DBS electrode trajectory planning using a machine learning (ML)-based feature identification scheme configured to identify and distinguish between various regions of interest (ROIs) and regions of avoidance (ROAs) in a patient's brain scan image. In one arrangement, standard orientation image slices as well as re-sliced images in non-standard orientations are provided in a labeled input dataset for training a CNN/ANN for distinguishing between ROIs and ROAs. Upon identification of the ROIs and ROAs in the patient's brain scan image, an optimal trajectory for implanting a DBS lead may be determined relative to a particular ROI while avoiding any ROAs.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method to detect an offset of a motor position sensor. The apparatus includes a command voltage vector generation unit configured to, in a state in which a motor has been coupled to an electric booster braking system, generate a command voltage vector having a predefined command phase and command voltage and apply the command voltage vector to the motor such that a piston moves in a direction determined based on the current position of the piston, and an offset detection unit configured to detect the offset of the motor position sensor based on a phase difference between a command phase of the command voltage vector and an actually measured phase obtained by actually measuring, by the motor position sensor, a phase formed by rotors of the motor that are aligned as the command voltage vector is applied from the command voltage vector generation unit to the motor.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrical contact terminal having elasticity, which is fitted into a through-hole defined on a substrate so as to electrically connect a conductive pattern defined on the substrate to an object. A core of the electrical contact terminal includes a body part having a first width with a uniform dimension in a longitudinal direction, an insertion part having a second width with a dimension less than that of the first width and extending vertically downward from the body part, and a contact part protruding in the form of a wing from each of both sides of an end of the insertion part in a width direction, wherein the body part, the insertion part, and the contact part are provided as a single body.

Abstract: A fingerprint sensor device and a method of making a fingerprint sensor device. As non-limiting examples, various aspects of this disclosure provide various fingerprint sensor devices, and methods of manufacturing thereof, that comprise an interconnection structure, for example a bond wire, at least a portion of which extends into a dielectric layer utilized to mount a plate, and/or that comprise an interconnection structure that extends upward from the semiconductor die at a location that is laterally offset from the plate.

Abstract: Provided are a composition for depositing a silicon-containing thin film containing a bis(aminosilyl)alkylamine compound and a method for manufacturing a silicon-containing thin film using the same, and more particularly, a composition for depositing a silicon-containing thin film, containing the bis(aminosilyl)alkylamine compound capable of being usefully used as a precursor of the silicon-containing thin film, and a method for manufacturing a silicon-containing thin film using the same.

Abstract: A multi-faceted reflective hidden lighting lamp applied to a vehicle may block a portion of external light and repeatedly reflect internal light in two or more steps with a reflective surface on one side surface of a light reflective portion having a triangular sawtooth shape formed on a lens in a direction facing a light source and a transmissive surface on the other side surface thereof in an internal space of the lamp, and form a reflective layer on the reflective surface in painting/deposition/plating processes, a laser perforation process, a masking process, and a film insert process to reduce a color conversion material for the same color conversion effect and increase the utilization of an overlap skin portion of the lens, increasing the light blocking ability for a region other than the region required by regulations in addition to increasing the transmissive/light-receiving ability for the region required by regulations.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods for generating burst waveforms. An implantable neurostimulation system includes an implantable stimulation lead including a plurality of contacts, and an implantable pulse generator communicatively coupled to the stimulation lead. The pulse generator is configured to generate a waveform including a burst that includes a leading anodic pulse followed by alternating cathodic pulses and anodic pulses, each cathodic pulse in the burst having a greater amplitude than the previous cathodic pulse.

Abstract: An alloy thin film manufacturing method is provided. The alloy thin film manufacturing method may comprise the steps of: preparing a substrate; providing, onto the substrate, a first precursor comprising a first metal; and providing, onto the substrate onto which the first precursor has been provided, a second precursor comprising a second metal, so as to form an alloy thin film of the first metal and the second metal, obtained through the reaction of the first precursor and the second precursor.

Abstract: Disclosed herein in various embodiments are aryl-ether free polyaromatic polymers based on random copolymer architecture with two, three, or more aromatic ring components and methods of preparing those polymers. The polymers of the present disclosure can be used as ion exchange membranes, e.g., as anion exchange membranes, and ionomer binders in alkaline electrochemical devices.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a shaving blade includes a substrate having a cutting edge provided with a sharp substrate tip, wherein a thickness T16 of the substrate measured at a distance D16, which is 16 micrometers from the substrate tip, is in a range from 2.41 micrometers to 3.76 micrometers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of providing information on a neural network model. The method includes receiving information on a target device and target performance of the neural network model; deriving information on a plurality of candidate neural network models; and transmitting a command to the external device to display information on the plurality of candidate neural network models, wherein the information on the plurality of candidate neural network models includes at least one of name of the plurality of candidate neural network models, performance of the plurality of candidate neural network models, or size of input data of the plurality of candidate neural network models.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods for estimating an orientation of an implanted deep brain stimulation (DBS) lead. Such methods include generating an initial image dataset, down-sampling a respective image or adding noise to images of the subset of the initial image dataset, and re-slicing at least a subset of the modified image dataset along an alternative primary imaging axis, to generate an integrated image dataset. The method also include partitioning the integrated image dataset into a preliminary training image dataset and a testing image dataset, and re-sizing at least a subset of the preliminary training image dataset with a localized field of view around a depicted DBS lead, to generate a training image dataset. The method further includes training a machine-learning model using the training image dataset, and executing the trained machine-learning model to estimate, during a DBS implantation procedure, an orientation of a subject implanted DBS lead.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a CIS (CMOS image sensor) pixel, a DVS (dynamic vision sensor) pixel, and an image signal processor. The CIS pixel includes a photoelectric conversion device generating charges corresponding to an incident light and a readout circuit generating an output voltage corresponding to the generated charges. The DVS pixel detects a change in an intensity of the incident light based on the generated charges to output an event signal and does not include a separate photoelectric conversion device. The image signal processor allows the photoelectric conversion device to be connected to the readout circuit or the DVS pixel.

Abstract: A multi-faceted reflective hidden lighting lamp applied to a vehicle may block a portion of external light and repeatedly reflect internal light in two or more steps with a reflective surface on one side surface of a light reflective portion having a triangular sawtooth shape formed on a lens in a direction facing a light source and a transmissive surface on the other side surface thereof in an internal space of the lamp, and form a reflective layer on the reflective surface in painting/deposition/plating processes, a laser perforation process, a masking process, and a film insert process to reduce a color conversion material for the same color conversion effect and increase the utilization of an overlap skin portion of the lens, increasing the light blocking ability for a region other than the region required by regulations in addition to increasing the transmissive/light-receiving ability for the region required by regulations.

Abstract: An image adjustment apparatus includes a receiver which is configured to receive a first input image of an object which is time-synchronously captured and a second input image in which a motion event of the object is sensed time-asynchronously, and an adjuster which is configured to adjust the first input image and the second input image.