Abstract: A method for generating a key stream according to an embodiment includes generating r round keys that are each N-dimensional integer vectors including elements of an integer set defined based on a prime number t, based on a random bit string, an encryption counter, and a secret key that is an N-dimensional integer vector consisting of elements of the integer set , generating a first round output vector x1 by performing a modular addition operation on an initial vector and a first round key RK1 of the r round keys with the prime number t as a modulus, and generating a key stream that is an N-dimensional integer vector consisting of elements of the integer set from the first round output vector x1 by using a second to r-th round keys of the r round keys, and one or more first round functions and a second round function.

Abstract: An excimer lamp according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is capable of improving start-up characteristics and a light irradiation efficiency of a lamp and being miniaturized. The excimer lamp includes a light emitting tube emitting light, a first electrode disposed at an outer side of the light emitting tube, a second electrode disposed at an outer side of the light emitting tube in correspondence to the first electrode, and an auxiliary light emitting body disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode to emit light toward the light emitting tube when a voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes, and a light irradiation device having the same.

Abstract: A light irradiation device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure has high light irradiation efficiency and cooling efficiency and can be reduced in size. The light irradiation device includes an excimer lamp including a light emitting tube that emits light, and a lamp electrode provided on an outside of the light emitting tube, and a case including a case body in which the excimer lamp is accommodated, a connection support provided at one side of the case body to be connected to the lamp electrode, and a case electrode provided at the other side of the case body to be in contact with a surface of the light emitting tube.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an elastic metamaterial for reducing vibrations of a flexible structure such as a main cable of a tether system for controlling an orbit of a satellite revolving around a planet, and a method for improving a vibration reduction performance thereof, and more particularly, to an elastic metamaterial having an improved precision, in which a ratio of a cross-sectional area of a pendulum ring may be adjusted to maintain a frequency characteristic other than a band gap generated due to the elastic metamaterial even in a state where a mass of the pendulum ring is not changed, and a band gap (R_ring) generated due to the pendulum ring of the elastic metamaterial and a band gap (R_beam) generated due to the elastic beams may be combined into one band gap to expand a vibration damping range, and a method for improving a vibration reduction performance thereof.

Abstract: A light irradiation device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure has high light irradiation efficiency and cooling efficiency and can be reduced in size. The light irradiation device includes an excimer lamp including a light emitting tube that emits light, and a lamp electrode provided on an outside of the light emitting tube, and a case including a case body in which the excimer lamp is accommodated, a connection support provided at one side of the case body to be connected to the lamp electrode, and a case electrode provided at the other side of the case body to be in contact with a surface of the light emitting tube.

Abstract: A light irradiation device according to an embodiment includes an excimer lamp including a light emitting tube emitting light, a first electrode disposed at an outer side of the light emitting tube, a second electrode disposed at an outer side of the light emitting tube in correspondence to the first electrode, and an auxiliary light emitting body disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode to emit light toward the light emitting tube when a voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes, and a case in which the excimer is provided and which has a contact point adjustment part configured to accommodate a portion of the auxiliary light emitting body.

Abstract: An excimer lamp according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is capable of improving start-up characteristics and a light irradiation efficiency of a lamp and being miniaturized. The excimer lamp includes a light emitting tube emitting light, a first electrode disposed at an outer side of the light emitting tube, a second electrode disposed at an outer side of the light emitting tube in correspondence to the first electrode, and an auxiliary light emitting body disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode to emit light toward the light emitting tube when a voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes, and a light irradiation device having the same.

Abstract: A triple tube type excimer lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a discharge unit which includes an outer tube having an external electrode on an outer circumferential surface thereof, an inner tube having the same axis as the outer tube, inserted into the outer tube, and having an internal electrode on an inner surface thereof, and one pair of assembly tubes respectively disposed on both sides of the inner tube, and configured to generate light by discharge, a cover tube having a shape surrounding an outer side of the outer tube; and one pair of bases respectively coupled with the one pair of assembly tubes and respectively sealed with both ends of the cover tube.

Abstract: A triple tube type excimer lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a discharge unit which includes an outer tube having an external electrode on an outer circumferential surface thereof, an inner tube having the same axis as the outer tube, inserted into the outer tube, and having an internal electrode on an inner surface thereof, and one pair of assembly tubes respectively disposed on both sides of the inner tube, and configured to generate light by discharge, a cover tube having a shape surrounding an outer side of the outer tube; and one pair of bases respectively coupled with the one pair of assembly tubes and respectively sealed with both ends of the cover tube.

Abstract: An apparatus for supporting learning of a user is provided. The apparatus extracts, from a problem image, a first layout including textual information and a second layout including illustrative information, determines a first similarity between the first layout and textual information of a second problem stored, determines a second similarity between the second layout and illustrative information of the second problem, determines a third similarity between the first problem and the second problem by combining the first similarity and the second similarity, determines whether the second problem corresponds to the first problem, and transmits information indicating an answer or solution corresponding to the second problem to the user device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an elastic metamaterial for reducing vibrations of a flexible structure such as a main cable of a tether system for controlling an orbit of a satellite revolving around a planet, and a method for improving a vibration reduction performance thereof, and more particularly, to an elastic metamaterial having an improved precision, in which a ratio of a cross-sectional area of a pendulum ring may be adjusted to maintain a frequency characteristic other than a band gap generated due to the elastic metamaterial even in a state where a mass of the pendulum ring is not changed, and a band gap (R_ring) generated due to the pendulum ring of the elastic metamaterial and a band gap (R_beam) generated due to the elastic beams may be combined into one band gap to expand a vibration damping range, and a method for improving a vibration reduction performance thereof.

Abstract: A display device includes a first pixel region (FPR), a second pixel region (SPR), a color conversion pattern (CCP), a first overcoat layer (FOL), a barrier layer (BL), a second overcoat layer (SOL), a liquid crystal layer (LCL), and a switching element (SE). The FPR is configured to display a first color (FC). The SPR is adjacent the FPR, and is configured to display a second color (SC) of a shorter peak wavelength than the FC. The CCP is disposed in the FPR, and is configured to: convert a color of incident light into the FC; and output converted light of the FC. The FOL is disposed on the CCP. The BL is of an inorganic material, and is disposed on the FOL. The SOL is of an organic material, and is disposed on the BL. The LCL is disposed on the SOL. The SE is disposed on the LCL.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a display device includes a light source, a first substrate on the light source, a liquid crystal layer on the first substrate, and a second substrate on the liquid crystal layer, wherein the first substrate or the second substrate includes a base substrate, an insulating layer on the base substrate, and partially defining a first cavity and a second cavity having openings facing different directions, a first quantum dot in the first cavity, a second quantum dot in the second cavity, and a cover layer covering the openings of the first and second cavities.

Abstract: A system of providing learning contents includes: a level measuring module providing a plurality of test questions including a plurality of types to a user and receiving a test result; a database storing the plurality of test questions including the plurality of types, provided to the user, a test result for the user, test results for other users; and a score predicting module calculating a correct answer percentage of the user for each of the plurality of types through the test result and substituting the correct answer percentage into actual examination data to predict an obtainable score of the user in an actual examination.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: a first substrate and a pixel electrode thereon, a second substrate facing the first substrate and a common electrode thereon; at least one alignment layer on at least one of the pixel electrode and the common electrode; and a liquid crystal layer between the pixel electrode and the common electrode. A pixel including the pixel electrode includes a plurality of domains including a first domain. The domains have average orientations of the liquid crystal molecules different from each other. The pixel electrode has a first opening in the first domain, and the first opening extends substantially parallel to an edge of the pixel electrode.

Abstract: A display device includes a first pixel region (FPR), a second pixel region (SPR), a color conversion pattern (CCP), a first overcoat layer (FOL), a barrier layer (BL), a second overcoat layer (SOL), a liquid crystal layer (LCL), and a switching element (SE). The FPR is configured to display a first color (FC). The SPR is adjacent the FPR, and is configured to display a second color (SC) of a shorter peak wavelength than the FC. The CCP is disposed in the FPR, and is configured to: convert a color of incident light into the FC; and output converted light of the FC. The FOL is disposed on the CCP. The BL is of an inorganic material, and is disposed on the FOL. The SOL is of an organic material, and is disposed on the BL. The LCL is disposed on the SOL. The SE is disposed on the LCL.