Abstract: The provided is a method of controlling a dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) device comprising: storing a plurality of pieces of data consisting of a plurality of bits in a memory in a transposed manner; setting at least one refresh period for each of a plurality of rows constituting the memory; and performing a refresh operation of the memory on the basis of the set refresh period.

Abstract: The provided is a method of controlling a dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) device comprising: storing a plurality of pieces of data consisting of a plurality of bits in a memory in a transposed manner; setting at least one refresh period for each of a plurality of rows constituting the memory; and performing a refresh operation of the memory on the basis of the set refresh period.

Abstract: A memory controller includes an error correction circuit that converts some bits of first data into parity bits for an error correction operation and generates second data including remaining bits of the first data and the parity bits replaced from the some bits, and a physical layer that transmits the second data instead of the first data to a memory device.

Abstract: Provided is a shell-type monitoring apparatus. The shell-type monitoring apparatus includes a body, a gas storage provided in the body and configured to store a gas, a variable volume portion provided on the gas storage in the body and having a volume that varies depending on an amount of gas supplied from the gas storage, a photographing unit provided on the body and configured to move in the body, and a moving flow path provided in the body and configured to supply the gas in the variable volume portion to the photographing unit and thereby move the photographing unit.

Abstract: Provided is a method of executing content, the method including: recognizing an external electronic device connected to an electronic device; determining a type of the content provided from the external electronic device to the electronic device based on a user interface (UI) displayed on a screen of the electronic device, as the external electronic device is recognized; and determining an image quality control mode for the content based on the determined type of the content.

Abstract: A cylinder container for storing and transporting a fluid, which is configured such that the same can store and transport a fluid, and can discharge the stored fluid at a configured discharge pressure under a configured condition. More specifically, the cylinder can have a fluid pressure adjustment valve installed on the cylinder container for storing and transporting a fluid such that a stored fluid can be discharged at a configured discharge pressure under a configured condition, the fluid pressure adjustment valve being configured such that the fluid storage capability of the cylinder container for storing and transporting a fluid can be improved.

Abstract: An auto cruise control method for a hybrid electric vehicle is provided. The auto cruise control method maximizes an effect of enhancing fuel efficiency and simultaneously satisfies enhancement in driveability and fuel efficiency due to the application of a pulse and glide (PnG) pattern obtained by considering the characteristics of the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). The method includes receiving a target vehicle speed by a driver input to turn on an auto cruise mode and to turn on a pulse and glide (PnG) mode in a hybrid electric vehicle using an engine and a driving motor as vehicle driving sources. One PnG mode among a PnG coast mode, a PnG glide mode, and a PnG cruise control mode are selected from a map based on the target vehicle speed and driving control of the selected PnG mode is then performed.

Abstract: A braking control system and a method for an eco-friendly vehicle are provided to resolve discrepancy in braking force occurring during switching between hydraulic braking and regenerative braking. The system includes a deceleration determiner that determines target and actual decelerations of the vehicle based on collected information when braking and a torque calculator that calculates target and actual deceleration torques from the determined target and actual decelerations of the vehicle using vehicle equivalent inertia information. An error calculator calculates a torque error and a torque corrector corrects a pre-correction target regenerative braking torque by the calculated torque error and calculates a post-correction target regenerative braking torque. A motor controller adjusts a regenerative braking torque of a motor according to the calculated post-correction target regenerative braking torque.

Abstract: A driving torque command generating apparatus and method of operating a hybrid electric vehicle can obtain torsional state observation values using an engine speed, a motor speed, and a wheel speed detected by an engine speed detector, a motor speed detector, and a wheel speed detector, respectively, together with a motor torque command generated in a previous period, and generate an engine torque command and a motor torque command of a driving torque command based on a driving input value input by a driving input detector and the torsional state observation values.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a chaos nanonet device including a nanonet material having metallic and semiconductive properties dispersed on a substrate and an electrode array composed of a plurality of electrodes that has a selected domain size on the nanonet material, and a PUF security apparatus based on the chaos nanonet device.

Abstract: An auto cruise control method and system for hybrid electric vehicles are provided. Particularly, a PnG driving pattern in consideration of characteristics of hybrid electric vehicles is applied to maximize improvement in fuel efficiency and to satisfy both drivability and improvement in fuel efficiency. The auto cruise control method includes turning on an auto cruise control mode by receiving a user set target vehicle speed using an engine and a driving motor as vehicle driving sources, and turning on a pulse and glide (PnG) mode. A user interface (UI) device is provided to receive a selection of any one of a PnG coast mode, a PnG glide mode and a PnG constant-speed cruise mode, and, when the driver selects one mode through the UI device, the hybrid electric vehicle is operated in the selected mode.

Abstract: A method, performed by an electronic apparatus, of executing an application, based on a voice input of a user, and the electronic apparatus are provided. The method includes performing voice recognition on the voice command for executing the application, determining a target page among a plurality of pages displayable when the application is executed, based on a result of the voice recognition, generating a virtual input sequence for displaying a second screen corresponding to the target page, instead of a first screen currently displayed, and executing the application in response to the virtual input sequence.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an apparatus for controlling distribution of torque of front and rear wheel of a four-wheel drive (4WD) vehicle, including: a slip control torque calculator configured to calculate slip control torque of the rear wheels from information collected from the vehicle during driving in a 4WD mode; a handling control torque calculator configured to calculate handling control torque for the rear wheels from information collected from the vehicle during driving in the 4WD mode; a weighting factor determiner configured to determine a slip control weighting factor and a handling control weighting factor based on vehicle state information; and a target torque calculator configured to calculate target torque of rear wheel by summing the weighting factors applied to the slip control torque and handling control torque, respectively, wherein the target torque of the rear wheel is a target value of the torque distributed to the real wheel.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for accurately estimating the transfer torque of an engine clutch provided between an engine and a motor in a hybrid electric vehicle, may include a forward estimation device configured for determining a first estimate of engine clutch transfer torque using engine torque information, a reverse estimation device configured for determining a second estimate of the engine clutch transfer torque using a drive system model including wheels, a transmission, and a motor and using wheel speed information, a weight determination device configured for determining a weight based on brake input by a driver and whether predetermined devices in the vehicle are operated, and an estimate combination determination device configured for determining a final estimate of the engine clutch transfer torque as a value combined by applying a weight to the determined first estimate and the determined second estimate.

Abstract: A braking control system and a method for an eco-friendly vehicle are provided to resolve discrepancy in braking force occurring during switching between hydraulic braking and regenerative braking. The system includes a deceleration determiner that determines target and actual decelerations of the vehicle based on collected information when braking and a torque calculator that calculates target and actual deceleration torques from the determined target and actual decelerations of the vehicle using vehicle equivalent inertia information. An error calculator calculates a torque error and a torque corrector corrects a pre-correction target regenerative braking torque by the calculated torque error and calculates a post-correction target regenerative braking torque. A motor controller adjusts a regenerative braking torque of a motor according to the calculated post-correction target regenerative braking torque.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for accurately estimating the transfer torque of an engine clutch provided between an engine and a motor in a hybrid electric vehicle, may include a forward estimation device configured for determining a first estimate of engine clutch transfer torque using engine torque information, a reverse estimation device configured for determining a second estimate of the engine clutch transfer torque using a drive system model including wheels, a transmission, and a motor and using wheel speed information, a weight determination device configured for determining a weight based on brake input by a driver and whether predetermined devices in the vehicle are operated, and an estimate combination determination device configured for determining a final estimate of the engine clutch transfer torque as a value combined by applying a weight to the determined first estimate and the determined second estimate.

Abstract: An artificial intelligence (AI) system and application thereof, where the AI system simulates functions (e.g., recognition and judgment of the human brain) by using a machine learning algorithm like deep learning. In particular, an AI system and a method of providing content based on applications thereof are provided. The method includes obtaining, by an electronic device, a plurality of images included in content; and determining a time point for displaying an advertisement reproduced in synchronization with the content, based on at least one of a type of the content, image characteristics of the plurality of images, and a viewing pattern of a user.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thermoplastic resin composition having excellent thermal stability and birefringence properties and to a molded article formed therefrom. In one embodiment, the thermoplastic resin composition includes: 100 parts by weight of a polycarbonate resin including a repeating unit represented by formula 1; about 0.2 parts by weight to about 15 parts by weight of an epoxy resin represented by formula 2; and about 1 part by weight to about 15 parts by weight of a phosphate-based compound, wherein formula 1 and formula 2 are as defined in the detailed description.

Abstract: Provided is a shell-type monitoring apparatus. The shell-type monitoring apparatus includes a body, a gas storage provided in the body and configured to store a gas, a variable volume portion provided on the gas storage in the body and having a volume that varies depending on an amount of gas supplied from the gas storage, a photographing unit provided on the body and configured to move in the body, and a moving flow path provided in the body and configured to supply the gas in the variable volume portion to the photographing unit and thereby move the photographing unit.

Abstract: A non-uniform displacement engine control system having a transient state control mode includes a non-uniform displacement engine including a plurality of cylinders, the cylinders including at least two sizes of cylinders having different displacements, a motor connected to a driving shaft of the engine, a battery for supplying electrical energy to the motor, and a motor control unit for controlling the motor, wherein the motor control unit controls the motor such that a sum of engine torque and motor torque in explosion strokes of each cylinder is uniform by compensating for a difference in torque caused by the cylinders having different displacements, and the motor control unit has a transient state control mode for additionally applying offset torque to predetermined motor torque at a time of rapid acceleration or rapid deceleration.