Abstract: Disclosed are a multi-battery pack system, a method for controlling battery packs, and a battery pack, in which plural battery packs provided in the multi-battery pack system can be set as a master battery pack and slave battery packs by themselves. The method for controlling the battery packs constructing the multi-battery pack system includes: a first step of checking if a communication line is maintained at a first level for a first desired amount of time when an activation signal or a message of setting a master battery pack is received; and a second step of outputting signals of a second level to the communication line for a second desired amount of time when the communication line is maintained at the first level for the first desired amount of time, and setting a battery pack as a master battery pack.

Abstract: A Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) code encoding apparatus for a communication system is provided. The encoding apparatus receives information bits, and generates an LDPC code by encoding the information bits using an interleaving scheme. The interleaving scheme is generated such that when the LDPC code is punctured, there is no short-length cycle in a Tanner graph of the punctured LDPC code.

Abstract: Disclosed relates to a method and an apparatus for measuring fluorescence polarization FP in a lab-on-a-chip and, more concretely, to a method and an apparatus that measure quantitatively interactions between biomolecules and fluorescently labeled biomaterials and enzyme activities using the measurement of fluorescence polarization FP. The method and the apparatus of the invention provide rapid assays with minute amounts of samples using an automated device compared to conventional methods. Accordingly, the method and the apparatus of the invention can be usefully applied to the measurement of interactions between biomolecules and to the protease assays using a protein substrate.

Abstract: A memory module system may include a serial presence detect (SPD) memory and a memory controller. The SPD memory may store first SPD data and second SPD data of a memory module. The SPD memory may be partitioned into at least two regions that may operate as multiple SPD ROMs. The memory controller may boot the memory module system based on a comparison between the first SPD data and the second SPD data when an initialization signal is input to the memory module system. The memory module system may be booted stably and may prevent system breakdowns.

Abstract: A transconductance device has substantially linear characteristics. The transconductance device includes a differential pair that receives a differential input voltage signal and produces a differential output current signal and a current source coupled to the differential pair. The current source produces a current having a constant portion and a variable portion, such that the derivative of the transconductance with respect to the differential input voltage is constant across a very large range of the differential input voltage and across a very high range of frequencies of the differential input signal. This linearization technique produces no extraneous noise at the differential output current.

Abstract: The present invention relates to uncooled infrared detector with infrared absorption structure in which the supporting layer, detection layer, protecting layer, and dielectric layer construct ?/4 resonating absorbtion structure as a single body. In order to enhance the characteristic of uncooled infrared detector, it is essential for the infrared absorption layer to absorb incident infrared with high efficiency. The present invention is characterized in that the infrared detector with unified absorption layer includes an infrared detection film, a device protecting layer, a supporting layer for thermally isolated structure, and a dielectric layer, etc. in its absorption structure. Due to this characteristic, highly efficient infrared absorption is possible with much less thermal mass than the absorption layer for the structure of existing metal/dielectric/metal structure and regardless of the distortion of floating structure caused by fabrication fault rather than air cavity ?/4 structure.

Abstract: A power controlling device in a mobile communication system, and a method thereof. A base station calculates an average interference of N previous frames, and broadcasts the average interference to subscriber stations. The subscriber stations determine transmission power based on the average interference. Noise and Interference (NI) of frames within a section corresponding to a setting size is calculated (the frames may include a current frame) so an estimated interference is close to the interference generated in the frame in which the subscriber station actually transmits a signal. In addition, to more precisely estimate the NI, the NI of the current frame is compensated according to a value and is broadcast.

Abstract: Disclosed are a periodic payment system for service use fees and a control method thereof, and a service provider of the payment system and a control method thereof. The periodic payment system receiving information on credit of a subscriber from a payment information provider includes a payment acknowledgement server for determining whether or not a demanded payment is acknowledged based on the credit information of the subscriber provided by the payment information provider, and providing payment demand information to the payment information provider if it is determined that the demanded payment is acknowledged.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an oxide thin film for a bolometer-type uncooled infrared detector having high sensitivity. An amorphous vanadium tungsten oxide (V—W—Ox), i.e. a tungsten-doped vanadium oxide, is provided as an oxide film for a bolometer application. An oxide for bolometer having characteristics of low resistance of 5 to 200 k ? and variable TCR between ?1.5 and ?4.1%/° C. can be obtained by an oxidation of vanadium-tungsten metal film at a low temperature around 300° C., with changing a tungsten content and oxidation time. And a reproducible thin film can be fabricated by low price equipment for thin film deposition, without expensive ion beam or laser apparatus. Accordingly, an oxide for bolometer having characteristics of resistance lower than 100 k? and TCR higher than ?3%/° C. can be obtained with reproducibility, whereby an uncooled-type infrared detector having high sensitivity can be fabricated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of modifying a cyclic olefin copolymer, in which a monomer having at least one unsaturated carboxyl group is grafted onto a main chain of the cyclic olefin copolymer using reactive extrusion. The cyclic olefin copolymer is modified so as to have at least one hydrophilic functional group, thereby having improved adhesion strength. Synthesis is conducted through a continuous process in an extruder, thus it is possible to modify the cyclic olefin copolymer through an economical and effective process.

Abstract: Disclosed are a multi-battery pack system, a method for controlling battery packs, and a battery pack, in which plural battery packs provided in the multi-battery pack system can be set as a master battery pack and slave battery packs by themselves. The method for controlling the battery packs constructing the multi-battery pack system includes: a first step of checking if a communication line is maintained at a first level for a first desired amount of time when an activation signal or a message of setting a master battery pack is received; and a second step of outputting signals of a second level to the communication line for a second desired amount of time when the communication line is maintained at the first level for the first desired amount of time, and setting a battery pack as a master battery pack.

Abstract: A Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) reduction apparatus and method in an OFDM communication system are provided. In the PAPR reduction method, magnitude and phase components are extracted from transmission sample data. Peaks having magnitude components exceeding a threshold are detected by comparing the extracted magnitude components with the threshold. The highest of the peaks is detected and compared with the threshold. If the highest peak is greater than the threshold, the highest peak is updated.

Abstract: A Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) terminal and an information management method thereof, in which when any terminal requests receiving terminal information from any receiving terminal in order to communicate with the receiving terminal, a request message for receiving terminal information is transmitted to at least one terminal of a multicast group to which the receiving terminal belongs, and communication is conducted based upon the receiving terminal information received from the terminal of the multicast group. As a result thereof, when the telephone number of the receiving terminal is not known to a user or stored, the user can obtain the telephone number of the receiving terminal without having to inquire of a server or call center that has stored the telephone number of the receiving terminal.

Abstract: A direct conversion satellite tuner is fully integrated on a common substrate. The integrated tuner receives an RF signal having a plurality of channels and down-converts a selected channel directly to baseband for further processing. The integrated tuner includes on-chip local oscillator generation, tunable baseband filters, and DC Offset cancellation. The integrated tuner can be implemented in a completely differential I/Q configuration for improved electrical performance. The entire direct conversion satellite tuner can be fabricated on a single semiconductor substrate using standard CMOS processing, with minimal off-chip components. The tuner configuration described herein is not limited to processing TV signals, and can be utilized to down-convert other RF signals to an IF frequency or baseband.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a laminate for a printed circuit board, which is manufactured by incorporating woven fabric or nonwoven fabric formed of liquid crystal polyester fibers into a liquid crystal polyester resin, thus having a low dielectric constant and a low dissipation factor, suitable for use in the high frequency range (GHz or more), and exhibiting excellent thermal properties and high reliability, resulting in high processability.

Abstract: A method for generating a low-density parity check (LDPC) code supporting various code rates. The method includes finding a plurality of parity check matrixes showing the best performance at a predetermined code rate; matching the parity check matrixes in terms of the number of ‘1’s per row in units of sub-matrixes of each of the matrixes; and converting the plurality of parity check matrixes into one matrix, and combining punctured zigzag codes generated for every code rate into one punctured zigzag code.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for manufacturing a copper clad laminate, which can achieve a substantial improvement in the peel strength between a thermoplastic liquid crystal polymer and a copper foil. The apparatus comprises: a coating means for thinly coating the surface of a copper foil with a thermoplastic liquid crystal polymer solution; a solvent removal means for drying the coated liquid crystal polymer solution to remove the solvent of the coated solution; and a thermal pressing means for laminating and thermally pressing a thermoplastic liquid crystal polymer film onto the copper foil using heating rolls so as to make a copper clad laminate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to uncooled infrared detector with infrared absorption structure in which the supporting layer, detection layer, protecting layer, and dielectric layer construct ?/4 resonating absorbtion structure as a single body. In order to enhance the characteristic of uncooled infrared detector, it is essential for the infrared absorption layer to absorb incident infrared with high efficiency. The present invention is characterized in that the infrared detector with unified absorption layer includes an infrared detection film, a device protecting layer, a supporting layer for thermally isolated structure, and a dielectric layer, etc. in its absorption structure. Due to this characteristic, highly efficient infrared absorption is possible with much less thermal mass than the absorption layer for the structure of existing metal/dielectric/metal structure and regardless of the distortion of floating structure caused by fabrication fault rather than air cavity ?/4 structure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for channel coding in a mobile communication system, which includes dividing information bits of length N into M sub-information bits according to a preset value; interleaving the M sub-information bits through corresponding interleavers corresponding to the M sub-information bits, respectively; and coding the interleaved sub-information bits through corresponding component encoders corresponding to the interleaved sub-information bits.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a composition comprising of natural products of 5˜20 weight parts of Astragali Radix, 5˜10 weight parts of Atractyodis Rhizoma, 5˜10 weight parts of Notopterygii Rhizoma, 5˜10 weight parts of Langanae Cortex, 5˜10 weight parts of Lycii Fructus, 2˜10 weight parts of Cnidium Rhizoma, 2˜10 weight parts of Glycyrrhizae Radix, 2˜10 weight parts of Horn of Cervi Parvum, 5˜10 weight parts of Polygoni Multiflori Radix, 2˜10 weight parts of Paeonia Radix of which substances are powdered or extracted with water, alcohol or mixture thereof and the present composition has excellent neuro-protecting activity.