Abstract: In a method for linear or biaxial vibration welding, the attenuation time of oscillatory relative movements of the welding parts is reduced in a control manner as compared to the attenuation time obtained by free uncontrolled attenuation of the welding parts so as to improve the mechanical properties of the welding seam. Preferably, the attenuation time is reduced by active braking of the oscillatory relative movements of the welding parts. The active braking may be obtained in various ways, preferably by using an electromagnetic resonance vibration system.

Abstract: The invention relates to hard coating coated parts which are coated with a hard coating containing the elements Al, Ti, Cr, N, O with a chemical composition of each element of AlaTibCrcNwO100−w in the range of 30≦a≦70, 30≦b≦70, 0.5≦c≦20 a+b+c=100 at % and 70≦w≦99%. The invention aims at a superior adhesion between the coating and the substrate without a reduction of the wear resistance, of the oxidation resistance and of the friction properties, but improving every one of the coating properties to a achieve a stable behavior under heavy-duty cutting, resulting in a long lifetime. Therefore, it is proposed that the full width at half maximum (FWHM) 2&thgr; of the (200)x-ray diffraction peak is larger than 0.4° and smaller than 0.7°.

Abstract: In hard layer coated parts which are coated with hard layers, this invention aims at improvements of wear resistance, oxidation behavior and lubrication properties. In hard layer coated parts which are coated with hard layers, hard layer coated parts featured by hard layers coated with minimum 1-2 layers which contain Al, Ti, Cr, N, O.

Abstract: The invention refers to hard coating coated parts which are coated with a hard coating containing the elements Al, Ti, Cr, N, O with a chemical composition of each element of AlaTibCrcNwO100−w in the range of 30≦a≦70, 30≦b≦70, 0.5≦c≦20 a+b+c=100 at % and 70≦w≦99%. The invention aims at a superior adhesion between the coating and the substrate without a reduction of the wear resistance, of the oxidation resistance and the friction properties, but improving every one of the coating properties to achieve a stable behavior under heavy-duty cutting resulting in a long life-time. Therefore, it is proposed that the full width at half maximum (FWHM) 2 &thgr; of the (200)x-ray diffraction peak is larger than 0.4° and smaller than 0.7°.

Abstract: In hard layer coated parts which are coated with hard layers, this invention aims at improvements of wear resistance, oxidation behavior and lubrication properties.

Abstract: An electric arc coating is comprised of a chamber with a chamber wall for receiving the substrates to be coated. The chamber can be evacuated and be optionally filled with a reaction gas or an inert gas. The device has at least one cathode connected to a first direct current source positioned within the chamber so as to be electrically insulated. The cathode is consumed by the electric arc. A second direct current source having a higher voltage than the first direct current source is connected with its negative pole to the substrates to be coated and is electrically insulated from the chamber. A first and a second anode are provided whereby the second anode is electrically insulated from the first anode and connected to a third current source. The positive poles of the first and the second current sources are connected to at least the first anode.