Abstract: A portable isocapnia circuit and an isocapnia method. A breathing port of the circuit allows a subject to inhale and exhale. Connected to the breathing port, a bifurcate conduit has a first conduit branch and a second conduit branch. The first conduit branch has an atmospheric air inlet, from which the atmospheric air is provided for inhalation, an inspiratory check valve to allow a one-way flow of the atmospheric air, and an atmospheric air aspirator. The second conduit branch has a one-way expiratory check valve and a expiratory gas reservoir. A one-way check valve is used to interconnect the first and second conduit branch, from which the expiratory gas stored in the expiratory gas reservoir flows to the first conduit branch to mix with the atmospheric air when the minute ventilation exceeds the atmospheric air.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system and method for isolating applications from each other. In one arrangement, the system and method pertain to intercepting application instructions, determining if an application instruction calls for an illegal action, and preventing the illegal action from occurring if the application instruction calls for the illegal action. In some arrangements, the system and method further pertain to determining if the application instruction contains an indirect memory reference and, if so, modifying the application instruction to enable the application instruction to determine itself whether an illegal operation is to be performed.

Abstract: A breathing circuit system for ventilating an anaesthetized patient. The system comprises a standard primary circle anaesthetic circuit which itself comprises a one-way inspiratory limb for delivering re-breathed gas and a one-way expiratory limb for accepting expired gas. The breathing circuit system also includes a supplementary respiratory circuit which solely supplies non-rebreathed gas and comprises a source of non-rebreathed, substantially carbon dioxide-free gas, a non-recreated fresh gas reservoir for storing fresh gas, a source of non-rebreathed reserve gas containing carbon dioxide, and a gas delivery conduit. Disposed in communication with the inspiratory limb is a non-re-breathing valve, while disposed in communication with both the inspiratory limb and the delivery conduit is a three-way respiratory valve for selectively permitting passage of gas from the inspiratory limb or from the delivery conduit.

Abstract: Apparatus for dynamically transforming and caching at least one computer program. The apparatus comprises computer executable instructions stored on one or more computer readable storage media. The apparatus includes instructions for dynamically transforming and caching code fragments and for causing the code fragments to be executed by at least one computer processor. The apparatus also includes instructions providing an application programming interface enabling the at least one computer program to activate the instructions for dynamically transforming code fragments and the instructions for caching code fragments.

Abstract: A portable isocapnia circuit and an isocapnia method. A breathing port of the circuit allows a subject to inhale and exhale. Connected to the breathing port, a bifurcate conduit has a first conduit branch and a second conduit branch. The first conduit branch has an atmospheric air inlet, from which the atmospheric air is provided for inhalation, an inspiratory check valve to allow a one-way flow of the atmospheric air, and an atmospheric air aspirator. The second conduit branch has a one-way expiratory check valve and a expiratory gas reservoir. A one-way check valve is used to interconnect the first and second conduit branch, from which the expiratory gas stored in the expiratory gas reservoir flows to the first conduit branch to mix with the atmospheric air when the minute ventilation exceeds the atmospheric air.

Abstract: A method to maintain isocapnia for a subject. A fresh gas is provided to the subject when the subject breathes at a rate less than or equal to the fresh gas flowing to the subject. The fresh gas flow equal to a baseline minute ventilation minus a dead space gas ventilation of the subject contains a physiological insignificant amount of CO2. An additional reserve gas is provided to the subject when the subject breathes at a rate more than the fresh gas flowing to the subject. The reserve gas has a partial pressure of carbon dioxide equal to an arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide of the subject. A breathing circuit is applied to the method to maintain isocapnia for a subject. The breathing circuit has an exit port, a non-rebreathing valve, a source of fresh gas, a fresh gas reservoir and a reserve gas supply.

Abstract: A method and system to enhance yield in multi-process manufacturing. The method comprising the translation of a performance parameter of a product into input variables to operate tools carrying our cooperating processes which built a structural element which determines the performance parameter, wherein the individual tools are process controlled. The method further comprising the integration of process control of individual separate processes or of stages in a process, into a combined and comprehensive (modular) process control in which the process parameters of a process are enslaved to accomplish the target output of the final process. Hence target output values of intermediate processes are dynamically reassigned during the manufacturing with respect to their initially designed values, in accordance with the output of their cooperating processes.

Abstract: Apparatus and associated method for constructing a quantifiable model, comprising: an object definer for converting user input into at least one cell having inputs and outputs, a relationship definer for converting user input into relationships associated with said cells such that each said relationships is associatable with said cells via one of said inputs and outputs, a quantifier for analyzing a data set to be modeled to assign quantitative values to said relationships and to associate said quantitative values with said associated inputs and outputs, thereby to generate a quantitative model. The model is useful in automatic decision-making and process control and for process simulation and study. The model building methodology provides for structured and quantity reduced investigation of process data since a qualitative model is used to guide the data analysis. The methodology also allows for obtaining new information regarding such a process through the resulting quantitative model.

Abstract: This application relates to novel compounds of formula I (and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts), as defined herein, processes and intermediates for their preparation, pharmaceutical formulations comprising the novel compounds of formula I, and the use of the compounds of formula I as thrombin inhibitors.

Abstract: A simple breathing circuit is designed to be added to a standard anesthetic circuit to hasten recovery of patients administered vapor anesthetic prior to an operation and also to method of treatments of a patient to hasten recovery from administration of vapor anesthetic prior to surgical procedures.

Abstract: In an automatic decision-making system, a method and a tool for the reduction of the dimension of data mining, which is automatically coupled to an empirical predictor of the system. The method includes a qualitative modeling of the interrelations between various objects whose attributes are relevant to a score made by the predictor according to which decisions are made, wherein this relevancy is determined by an input of a domain expert to the problem in hand. The model is called a Knowledge-Tree and its conclusions are represented by a graphical symbolization called the Knowledge-Tree map. Data mining, which follows the construction of the Knowledge-Tree map regards only datasets which are associated with logical and validated branches of the knowledge tree. Because the expert input which reduces the dimension of data mining was completed prior to data mining, interception by human reasoning is not needed after data mining and the decision making process can proceed automatically.

Abstract: This application relates to novel compounds of formula I (and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts), as defined herein, processes and intermediates for their preparation, pharmaceutical formulations comprising the novel compounds of formula I, and the use of the compounds of formula I as thrombin inhibitors.

Abstract: This application relates to the use as thrombin inhibitors, coagulation inhibitors and thromboembolic disorder agents of diamines of formula I as defined herein. It also provides novel compounds of formula I, processes and intermediates for their preparation, and pharmaceutical formulations comprising the novel compounds of formula I.

Abstract: A data cache system operates with an execution unit for processing data and a memory for storing data. The data cache system includes a data cache memory for temporarily storing data from the memory for access by the execution unit, and a controller. The controller reads and writes normal data in the entire cache memory in a normal mode and reads and writes streaming data in a streaming buffer in a streaming mode. The streaming buffer is a section of the data cache memory. The streaming buffer preferably has a capacity that is small in comparison with the capacity of the data cache memory. The normal data is characterized by temporal locality, whereas the streaming data is characterized by spatial locality. One or more bits of the data address are associated with the cache index in the normal mode and are associated with the tag in the streaming mode.

Abstract: A CPU having a cluster VLIW architecture is shown which operates in both a high instruction level parallelism (ILP) mode and a low ILP mode. In high ILP mode, the CPU executes wide instruction words using all operational clusters of the CPU and all of a main instruction cache and main data cache of the CPU are accessible to a high ILP task. The CPU also includes a mini-instruction cache, a mini-instruction register and a mini-data cache which are inactive during high ILP mode. An instruction level controller in the CPU receives a low ILP signal, such as an interrupt or function call to a low ILP routine, and switches to low ILP mode. In low ILP mode, the main instruction cache and main data cache are deactivated to preserve their contents. At the same time, a predetermined cluster remains active while the remaining clusters are also deactivated. The low ILP task executes instructions from the mini-instruction cache which are input to the predetermined cluster through the mini-instruction register.

Abstract: This application relates to the use as thrombin inhibitors, coagulation inhibitors and thromboembolic disorder agents of diamines of formula I as defined herein. It also provides novel compounds of formula I, processes and intermediates for their preparation, and pharmaceutical formulations comprising the novel compounds of formula I.

Abstract: Cyclophilin-60 proteins, nucleic acids, and monoclonal antibodies are provided.

Abstract: Methods apparatus for storing and expanding wide instruction words in a computer system are provided. The computer system includes a memory and an instruction cache. Compressed instruction words of a program are stored in a code heap segment of the memory, and code pointers are stored in a code pointer segment of the memory. Each of the code pointers contains a pointer to one of the compressed instruction words. Part of the program is stored in the instruction cache as expanded instruction words. During execution of the program, an instruction word is accessed in the instruction cache. When the instruction word required for execution is not present in the instruction cache, thereby indicating a cache miss, a code pointer corresponding to the required instruction word is accessed in the code pointer segment of memory. The code pointer is used to access a compressed instruction word corresponding to the required instruction word in the code heap segment of memory.

Abstract: A method and system are disclosed which allow a computer program to execute properly in object code compatible processing systems which have latencies different from those with which the program was created or compiled. This resulting compatibility of the computer program is achieved because the invention protects the precedence of operations within the computer program using latency assumptions which were used when creating the computer program. When the computer program is created, latency assumption information is efficiently provided within the computer program. Thereafter, when the computer program is executed, it is able to advise the processing system of the latency assumptions with which it was created. Various ways are described in which the processing system can utilize the latency assumptions when executing the computer program so as to ensure compatibility.

Abstract: An endotracheal tube introducer comprising a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end comprising a mouth of greater diameter than an endotracheal tube being inserted into it and an elongated portion connected to, and extending longitudinally away from, the mouth for insertion thereof past the epiglottis, between the vocal cords, into the trachea, the elongated portion comprising at least one guide and reinforcing portion extending longitudinally along the length of the elongated portion away from the proximal end and mouth, and relatively thin pliable side portions or wings extending laterally from the sides of the guide portion, one from each side and overlap one another at least proximate the distal end.