Abstract: Disclosed are novel graft copolymers comprising hydrocarbon backbones and polymerized small ring heterocyclic compounds. The backbones are devoid of O, N or S in the main chain and include SBR, polybutadiene, butyl rubber, neoprene, EPDM, EPM, PVC, and the like. The hetero atom of the graft branches may be O, S or N as well as combinations thereof and include compounds such as ethers, formals, lactones, sulfides and amines.

Abstract: High molecular weight polymers and highly unsaturated polymers (e.g., butyl rubber) are prepared by homopolymerizing and copolymerizing olefins, isoolefins, conjugated multiolefins, or mixtures of isoolefins and conjugated multiolefins with a catalyst system comprising an organoaluminum compound in conjunction with a cocatalyst selected from the group consisting of sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, halogens, mixed halogens and hypohalides.

Abstract: Substantially gel-free, high molecular weight, high unsaturation copolymers of isobutylene and cyclopentadiene having a number average molecular weight of at least 90,000 and a mole percent of unsaturation of at least 5% and the process for preparing said polymers which comprises carrying out the polymerization in a homogeneous phase, introducing to the system either an aluminum halide in a soluble form or a hydrocarbylaluminum dihalide and carrying the reaction out at a temperature of less than about -100.degree. C.

Abstract: High molecular weight polymers and highly unsaturated polymers (e.g. butyl rubber) are prepared by homopolymerizing and copolymerizing olefins, isoolefins, conjugated multiolefins, or mixtures of isoolefins and conjugated multiolefins with a catalyst system comprising an organoaluminum compound in conjunction with a cocatalyst selected from the group consisting of sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, halogens, mixed halogens and hypohalides.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel bigraft copolymer comprising a polyhydrocarbon backbone selected from the class consisting of aromatic homopolymers, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon homopolymers, such homopolymers having halogen functionality and copolymers and terpolymers formed therefrom, and two different branches which are selected from the group consisting of monovinyl aromatic compounds and isoolefins. The bigraft copolymer is formed by the selective sequential cationic initiation of a first charge of one monomer onto the backbone at specific functional positions thereon and in the presence of a suitable solvent and an alkylaluminum compound. The resultant monograft copolymer is subsequently subjected to a second charge of another monomer, in the presence of a suitable solvent and an alkylaluminum compound, which becomes polymerized at the remaining, different functional positions available on the backbone.

Abstract: Aluminum trialkyl and aluminum dialkyl monohalide catalysts can be used to graft cationically polymerizable monomers, such as styrene, chloroprene, isobutylene, etc. to halogenated polymers with some highly reactive halogen atoms such as PVC, neoprene, chlorobutyl, etc.