Abstract: A surge arrester includes two side electrodes extending into an interior space formed by means of at least one insulating body and a central electrode. The end-side distance between the side electrodes is greater than the distances between a respective side electrode and the central electrode. The distance between the side electrodes is less than the distance between the end regions of the central electrode and a base of the side electrodes.

Abstract: A spark gap includes two terminal electrodes enveloping a cavity. The cavity includes an electrical discharge space between the two terminal electrodes. The spark gap also includes an electrical insulator between the two terminal electrodes.

Abstract: A device for protecting against lightning and overvoltages includes two electrodes closing off, in a gas tight manner, both end faces of a cylinder made of insulating material, and defining a discharge chamber in the interior of the chamber thus formed. At least one step is provided in the chamber in the contact area of at least one of the electrodes and the cylinder such that the chamber extends outwards past the internal wall of the cylinder.

Abstract: A surge arrester includes two side electrodes extending into an interior space formed by means of at least one insulating body and a central electrode. The end-side distance between the side electrodes is greater than the distances between a respective side electrode and the central electrode. The distance between the side electrodes is less than the distance between the end regions of the central electrode and a base of the side electrodes.

Abstract: A gas-filled discharge gap includes at least two electrodes and an electrode-activation mass that is arranged on at least one of the electrodes. The electrode-activation mass contains K2WO4.

Abstract: A device for protecting against lightning and overvoltages includes two electrodes closing off, in a gas tight manner, both end faces of a cylinder made of insulating material, and defining a discharge chamber in the interior of the chamber thus formed. At least one step is provided in the chamber in the contact area of at least one of the electrodes and the cylinder such that the chamber extends outwards past the internal wall of the cylinder.

Abstract: A spark gap (1; 21; 50) is indicated with a cavity (3; 23; 43), which is enveloped by two terminal electrodes (7a, 7b; 27a, 27b; 47a 47b) having an electrical insulator (2; 22; 42) placed therebetween, and with a rod electrode (4; 24; 44), which projects into a tubular electrode (5; 25; 45). Provided in one implementation are recesses (11; 41) of the terminal electrodes on the side of the cavity (3; 43) and a guidance of the terminal electrodes on the inside wall of the insulator. In another implementation, reinforcement electrodes (12a, 12b; 27c, 27d) are provided, which are connected to one of the terminal electrodes. The two implementations can be combined.

Abstract: A gas-filled discharge gap includes at least two electrodes and an electrode-activation mass that is arranged on at least one of the electrodes. The electrode-activation mass contains K2WO4.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a surge arrestor having a middle electrode and at least one outer electrode, in which an electrically conductive spring clip is secured to the middle electrode and exerts a spring power on the outer electrode; in which an electrical component part that is non-conductive at the trigger voltage of the surge arrestor and generates heat given a flow of current is arranged between the spring clip and the outer electrode; in which the spring clip lies against an electrically conductive contact element that is secured to a spacer element using a fusible mass and that is spaced from the outer electrode; and in which, when the fusible mass melts, the contact element is pressed against the outer electrode by the spring clip. The trigger mechanism has the advantage that it reacts very quickly and thereby reduces the formation of sparks and the fire hazard as well.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a surge arrestor having a middle electrode and at least one outer electrode, in which an electrically conductive spring clip is secured to the middle electrode and exerts a spring power on the outer electrode; in which an electrical component part that is non-conductive at the trigger voltage of the surge arrestor and generates heat given a flow of current is arranged between the spring clip and the outer electrode; in which the spring clip lies against an electrically conductive contact element that is secured to a spacer element using a fusible mass and that is spaced from the outer electrode; and in which, when the fusible mass melts, the contact element is pressed against the outer electrode by the spring clip. The trigger mechanism has the advantage that it reacts very quickly and thereby reduces the formation of sparks and the fire hazard as well.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a surge arrestor having a middle electrode and at least one outer electrode, in which an electrically conductive spring clip is secured to the middle electrode and exerts a spring power on the outer electrode; in which an electrical component part that is non-conductive at the trigger voltage of the surge arrestor and generates heat given a flow of current is arranged between the spring clip and the outer electrode; in which the spring clip lies against an electrically conductive contract element that is secured to a spacer element using a fusible mass and that is spaced from the outer electrode; and in which, when the fusible mass melts, the contract element is pressed against the outer electrode by the spring clip. The trigger mechanism has the advantage that it reacts very quickly and thereby reduces the formation of sparks and the fire hazard as well.

Abstract: Gas-filled discharge paths such as voltage surge protectors and spark gaps can have a low ignition delay in dark spaces when a special activating compound is used. To simplify the manufacture of such discharge paths, fully nickel-plated electrodes are used; in addition, nickel in a metallic form, in addition to titanium, is also added to the special activating compound.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a surge arrestor having a middle electrode and at least one outer electrode, in which an electrically conductive spring clip is secured to the middle electrode and exerts a spring power on the outer electrode; in which an electrical component part th is non-conductive at the trigger voltage of the surge arrestor and generates heat given a flow of current is arranged between the spring clip and the outer electrode; in which the spring clip lies against an electrically conductive contract element that is secured to a spacer element using a fusible mass and that is spaced from the outer electrode; and in which, when the fusible mass melts, the contract element is pressed against the outer electrode by the spring clip. The trigger mechanism has the advantage that it reacts very quickly and thereby reduces the formation of sparks and the fire hazard as well.

Abstract: A module is provided which includes two gas-filled surge arresters arranged next to one another in a housing. An auxiliary discharge gap and a short-circuit device is associated with each surge arrester. One side of each surge arrester is in contact with a plate, which forms the ground, as well as the stationary electrode of the short-circuit device. On the other side, the plate is in contact with two varistors which form the auxiliary discharge gaps. A cap, forming the movable electrode of the spring-loaded short-circuit device is placed on each varistor with a meltable spacer between them.

Abstract: A gas-filled overvoltage arrester with an electrode activation compound. In order to ensure a high degree of adherence of the activation compound to the electrodes in a gas-filled hydrogen-containing overvoltage arrester, the activation compound comprises a first aluminum component, a second halide component, and a third dielectric or ferroelectric metal oxide component. These three components are present in the proportions of 50 to 70, 20 to 40, and 3 to 10 mol. %, respectively.

Abstract: As a reserve series gap for a gas-filled three-electrode diverter, an arrangement is used that consists of two disk-shaped electrodes arranged axially behind one another with the same outer diameter and of an insulating foil arranged between these electrodes, these three parts being held together by means of a shrink tube. When such a reserve series gap is associated with an end electrode of a three-electrode diverter, the reserve series gap can also serve as a movable contact element of an overload path, given an appropriate design of the foot of the end electrode and the outer-lying electrode and upon combination with a fusible pellet.

Abstract: A gas-filled surge voltage protector with a high current-carrying capacity. The protector has electrode contacts implemented as strip clamps which in the areas of the end electrodes also surround contact rings that are placed on the base part of the end electrodes. The strip clamps are made of tin-plated sheet metal. One end of the metal strip is designed as a contact element.

Abstract: In order to ensure that the ignition voltage does not depend on whether a sark gap component is shielded or unshielded, a ring-shaped control electrode that makes electrical contact with the electrode not at ground potential is mounted adjacent to or on to the outer circumference of the insulator at an axial level almost equal to that of the active surface of the electrode not at ground potential. The control electrode comprises of either a metallic coating, a band-shaped strip, or a metal cap.

Abstract: For reducing the engineering cost of construction and manufacture for the air gap associated with the second electrode in an overvoltage arrester with air gap connected in parallel, the arrester (22) is enclosed by a cylindrical metal sleeve (28). One edge (19) of this metal sleeve contacts the first electrode (3) of the arrester, while the other edge (14) is laid over inwardly and grips the auxiliary electrode (27) placed on the second electrode (25) with interposition of an insulating disk (26). The outside diameter of this auxiliary electrode (27) is greater than the outside diameter of the second electrode (25). For the centering of the arrester (22) in the metal sleeve (28) the distance between the arrester and the metal sleeve is smaller, at least at three points over the circumference, than the required radial safety distance between the metal sleeve and the second electrode.

Abstract: An overvoltage arrester for high surge currents having an increased useful life while maintaining suitable electrical properties comprising a pair of electrodes secured to an insulator housing in confronting, spaced relation to provide a discharge gap, the electrodes being covered with a metallic activation compound comprising metallic barium aluminum dispersed in a matrix of metallic aluminum, the matrix being fused onto the confronting surfaces. Additional metal additives may be embedded or alloyed with the metals of the activation layer.