Abstract: A device serves for optically scanning a moving material web. The device is formed by a CCD camera comprising a lens and a CCD receiving element, which is provided with photodiodes. So as to be able to exactly adjust the area of the material web scanned by means of the device, the CCD receiving element can be adjusted transversely in relation to the optical axis of the lens. For adjusting the CCD receiving element, a template with a structure is provided. This structure is detected by the photodiodes, and the signals emitted by the photodiodes act on a controlling device. The controlling device adjusts the CCD receiving element so that it is aligned with the structure of the template.

Abstract: A device for detecting the marginal edge or a marking of a material web. The device contains an optical sensor and two light sources associated with the optical sensor. The first light source emits directed light beams and aims such beams at the material web. The first light source is formed by a plurality of light-emitting diodes, arranged such that the light reflected by the material web in a diffused manner cannot be detected by the optical sensor. A second light source is also associated with the optical sensor. The second light source contains a diffuser disk. The diffuser disk generates diffused light that is emitted in all three-dimensional directions. When the second light source is active, the condition of reflection is satisfied so that it is possible to scan the material web having mirror-like reflection.

Abstract: The present invention creates an apparatus for determining physical collective parameters of particles in gases, which comprises a measuring chamber with light entrance ports (121) and exit ports (123, 124) for electromagnetic radiation, an emission source (113) for electromagnetic radiation being provided and at least two detection apparatuses (114, 115) for determining the intensity of electromagnetic radiation scattered at the particles being provided, and the detection apparatuses (114, 115) detecting electromagnetic radiation of different scattering regions. The present invention further creates a method for determining physical collective parameters of particles in gases, the particles being exposed to electromagnetic radiation which is scattered at the particles, wherein the intensities of the scattered radiation of at least two different scattering regions are determined and their ratio is taken subsequently.

Abstract: A device serves for optically scanning a moving material web. The device is formed by a CCD camera comprising a lens and a CCD receiving element, which is provided with photodiodes. So as to be able to exactly adjust the area of the material web scanned by means of the device, the CCD receiving element can be adjusted transversely in relation to the optical axis of the lens. For adjusting the CCD receiving element, a template with a structure is provided. This structure is detected by the photodiodes, and the signals emitted by the photodiodes act on a controlling device. The controlling device adjusts the CCD receiving element so that it is aligned with the structure of the template.

Abstract: A device for detecting the marginal edge or a marking of a material web. The device contains an optical sensor and two light sources associated with the optical sensor. The first light source emits directed light beams and aims such beams at the material web. The first light source is formed by a plurality of light-emitting diodes, arranged such that the light reflected by the material web in a diffused manner cannot be detected by the optical sensor. A second light source is also associated with the optical sensor. The second light source contains a diffuser disk. The diffuser disk generates diffused light that is emitted in all three-dimensional directions. When the second light source is active, the condition of reflection is satisfied so that it is possible to scan the material web having mirror-like reflection.