Abstract: An apparatus to detect neutrons and gamma rays is provided. The apparatus has at least one scintillator material and at least one neutron-gamma converter in gamma communication with the scintillator material. The neutron-gamma converter is adapted to emit gamma radiation upon capturing neutrons. The apparatus further has an analyzer. The neutron-gamma converter has at least one isotope having a daughter nucleus having a level scheme having at least one long-lived excited state, where the long-lived excited state has a lifetime between 1 nanosecond and 500 nanoseconds, and is at least sometimes involved in de-excitation cascades following neutron captures. The analyzer finds and analyzes delayed detections comprising prompt components and delayed components in the recorded signal in order to quantify event parameters and to compute a measure for a thermal neutron flux the apparatus is exposed to using the event parameters.

Abstract: A radiation detection system and a method for a parallel detection of gamma-rays and neutrons are provided, comprising a gamma-ray detector comprising a scintillator crystal comprising 127I, a digitizer to generate digitized time series and an analyzer, characterized in that the analyzer is adapted to identify a primary signal component, a first delayed signal component and a second delayed signal component in the digitized time series. The first and second delayed signal components, respectively, correspond to an energy deposition of about 30 keV and about 138 keV, and follow the primary and first delayed signal components in time. The analyzer is further adapted to count the number of digitized time series comprising at least the first and the second delayed signal components as neutron events, thereby providing a measure for a neutron flux the scintillator crystal is exposed to.

Abstract: An apparatus to detect neutrons and gamma rays is provided. The apparatus has at least one scintillator material and at least one neutron-gamma converter in gamma communication with the scintillator material. The neutron-gamma converter is adapted to emit gamma radiation upon capturing neutrons. The apparatus further has an analyzer. The neutron-gamma converter has at least one isotope having a daughter nucleus having a level scheme having at least one long-lived excited state, where the long-lived excited state has a lifetime between 1 nanosecond and 500 nanoseconds, and is at least sometimes involved in de-excitation cascades following neutron captures. The analyzer finds and analyzes delayed detections comprising prompt components and delayed components in the recorded signal in order to quantify event parameters and to compute a measure for a thermal neutron flux the apparatus is exposed to using the event parameters.

Abstract: In a plug connection for the direct electrical contacting of contact surfaces on a circuit board, having a plug receptacle associated with the circuit board, into which the circuit board extends, having a plug pluggable into the plug receptacle, which has a contact carrier having contact elements for the direct electrical contacting of the contact surfaces of the circuit board, and having a contact pressure spring device for pressing the contact elements of the contact carrier against the contact surfaces of the circuit board, the contact pressure spring device is provided in the plug receptacle.

Abstract: In a direct contact plug-in connection having a circuit board, which has contact surfaces on its one side, and having a direct contact plug that is plug-connectible to the circuit board, which has contact elements for the electrical direct contacting of the contact surfaces of the circuit board, the contact surfaces are provided on a circuit board section that runs transversely to the plugging direction of the plug connection, the contact elements each contacting the contact surfaces, using their front end face, in the plugging direction.

Abstract: In a plug connection for the direct electrical contacting of contact surfaces on a circuit board, having a plug receptacle associated with the circuit board, into which the circuit board extends, having a plug pluggable into the plug receptacle, which has a contact carrier having contact elements for the direct electrical contacting of the contact surfaces of the circuit board, and having a contact pressure spring device for pressing the contact elements of the contact carrier against the contact surfaces of the circuit board, the contact pressure spring device is provided in the plug receptacle.

Abstract: In a direct contact plug-in connection having a circuit board, which has contact surfaces on its one side, and having a direct contact plug that is plug-connectible to the circuit board, which has contact elements for the electrical direct contacting of the contact surfaces of the circuit board, the contact surfaces are provided on a circuit board section that runs transversely to the plugging direction of the plug connection, the contact elements each contacting the contact surfaces, using their front end face, in the plugging direction.

Abstract: A drive battery assembly of an electric, fuel cell or hybrid vehicle has a plurality of battery cells (10), which are outwardly closed by their own individual cell housings (12) and are combined into a cell stack. At least one cooling fin (16) planarly abutting the cell housings (12) removes heat by way of coolant. Canals (28) for coolant are formed by the walls of the two-walled cooling fins (16) being distanced in sections.

Abstract: An electrical circuitry has a base element, a printed circuit board and a fastening apparatus for fastening the printed circuit board to the base element. The fastening apparatus retains the printed circuit board by virtue of the base element being present on a top side and underside of the printed circuit board. In this case, the base element acts upon the top side and underside of the printed circuit board at application points which are opposite one another at an offset with respect to one another while elastically deforming the printed circuit board.

Abstract: A connecting device for connecting a control unit in a motor vehicle includes: the control unit for implementing an electronic function, having a connector unit; an accommodation unit having a connector area for accommodating the corresponding connector unit of the control unit, and an accommodation area for accommodating the control unit either entirely or partially in the inserted state, the accommodation unit being connected to an electrical power supply cable and having a fastening device for fastening the accommodation unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a neutron detector for detection of neutrons in fields with significant ?- or ?-radiation, comprising a neutron sensitive scintillator crystal, providing a neutron capture signal being larger than the capture signal of 3 MeV ?-radiation, a semiconductor based photo detector being optically coupled to the scintillator crystal, where the scintillator crystal and the semiconductor based photo detector are selected so that the total charge collection time for scintillator signals in the semiconductor based photo detector is larger than the total charge collection time for signals generated by direct detection of ionizing radiation in the semiconductor based photo detector, the neutron detector further comprising a device for sampling the detector signals, a digital signal processing device, means which distinguish direct signals from the semiconductor based photo detector, caused by ?- or ?-radiation and being at least partially absorbed in the semiconductor based photo detector, from lig

Abstract: A device and a method for bidirectional single-wire data transmission of data information between an electronic control unit and at least one peripheral unit. A predefined constant voltage and/or a predefined constant current is applied to a driver device of the electronic control unit to produce voltage-coded and/or current-coded information. The voltage-coded and/or current-coded information is transmitted from the driver device of the electronic control unit to a driver device 30 of the peripheral unit via a single-wire line. At least the driver logic of the driver device and/or the communication logic of the peripheral unit are triggered and powered through the current flow. Information occurring on the peripheral unit is current-coded and/or voltage coded due to the triggering thereof.

Abstract: A single plane Compton telescope uses a coplanar array of detectors to determine the direction of a radiation source. Detector materials and dimensions may have comparable Compton scattering and photoelectric absorption probabilities, so scattered photons have a high probability of escape from the detector in which the initial interaction occurs, while being absorbed in adjacent detectors. Energy information from coincident interactions between two detectors defines a bearing plane that contains the radiation source; by comparing these interactions in two non-parallel directions, the source is localized to a line representing the intersection of two bearing planes. Energies may be summed to determine the initial photon energy. The array may be of a single detector type or an arrangement of different detector types. The array may be a stationary, planar configuration of at least three detectors, or a linear array of at least two detectors that is rotatable within a selected plane.

Abstract: An electrical circuitry has a base element, a printed circuit board and a fastening apparatus for fastening the printed circuit board to the base element. The fastening apparatus retains the printed circuit board by virtue of the base element being present on a top side and underside of the printed circuit board. In this case, the base element acts upon the top side and underside of the printed circuit board at application points which are opposite one another at an offset with respect to one another while elastically deforming the printed circuit board.

Abstract: The invention relates to a neutron detector for detection of neutrons in fields with significant ?- or ?-radiation, comprising a neutron sensitive scintillator crystal, providing a neutron capture signal being larger than the capture signal of 3 MeV ?-radiation, a semiconductor based photo detector being optically coupled to the scintillator crystal, where the scintillator crystal and the semiconductor based photo detector are selected so that the total charge collection time for scintillator signals in the semiconductor based photo detector is larger than the total charge collection time for signals generated by direct detection of ionizing radiation in the semiconductor based photo detector, the neutron detector further comprising a device for sampling the detector signals, a digital signal processing device, means which distinguish direct signals from the semiconductor based photo detector, caused by ?- or ?-radiation and being at least partially absorbed in the semiconductor based photo detector, from lig

Abstract: A drive battery assembly of an electric, fuel cell or hybrid vehicle has a plurality of battery cells (10), which are outwardly closed by their own individual cell housings (12) and are combined into a cell stack. At least one cooling fin (16) planarly abutting the cell housings (12) removes heat by way of coolant. Canals (28) for coolant are formed by the walls of the two-walled cooling fins (16) being distanced in sections.

Abstract: Method for correction of the temperature dependency of a light quantity L emitted by a light emitting diode (LED), being operated in pulsed mode with substantially constant pulse duration tP, and measured in a light detector, using a predetermined parameter X, correlated to the temperature T of the LED in a predetermined ratio, whereby a correction factor K is determined from the parameter X, preferably using a calibration table, especially preferred using an analytic predetermined function, whereby the measured emitted light quantity L is corrected for the temperature contingent fluctuations of the emitted light quantity, whereby the parameter X is determined from at least two output signals of the LED, which are related to each other in a predetermined manner.

Abstract: A detector for the measurement of radiation, preferably ionizing radiation, includes a medium, means for the conversion of the radiation energy absorbed by the medium into electrical charge, means for digital sampling of the charge signals, means for the determination of a calibration factor K, and means for the stabilization of the output signals of the detector. The medium at least partly absorbs the radiation to be measured. The electric charge is at least partially proportional to the energy of the radiation. The sampling is done preferably with a sampling rate between 1 and 1000 MHz. Further signal processing is digital. The calibration factor K has a fixed relation with respect to the decay time ? of the medium. The output signals of the detector are mainly proportional to the radiation energy, and are stabilized with the help of the calibration factor K.

Abstract: A device and a method for bidirectional single-wire data transmission of data information between an electronic control unit and at least one peripheral unit. A predefined constant voltage and/or a predefined constant current is applied to a driver device of the electronic control unit to produce voltage-coded and/or current-coded information. The voltage-coded and/or current-coded information is transmitted from the driver device of the electronic control unit to a driver device 30 of the peripheral unit via a single-wire line. At least the driver logic of the driver device and/or the communication logic of the peripheral unit are triggered and powered through the current flow. Information occurring on the peripheral unit is current-coded and/or voltage coded due to the triggering thereof.

Abstract: A device and a method are described for bidirectional single-wire data transmission of information between a control unit and at least one peripheral unit, having the following steps: generating a first current flow from the control unit to the peripheral unit during first time slots via a single-wire line to transmit voltage-coded or current-coded information from the control unit to the peripheral unit; and/or generating a second current flow from the peripheral unit to the control unit during second time slots via the single-wire line to upload voltage-coded or current-coded information from the peripheral unit to the control unit; the first and second time slots being implemented so they do not mutually overlap; and/or generating, in the first and/or second time slots, additional information to be transmitted and/or uploaded, which is transmitted as digital or analog signals by modulating the current or the voltage of the single-wire line and is analyzed in the control unit or the peripheral unit.