Abstract: In a particular implementation, a user environment space for haptic feedback and interactivity (HapSpace) is proposed. In one embodiment, the HapSpace is a virtual space attached to the user and is defined by the maximum distance that the user's body can reach. The HapSpace may move as the user moves. Haptic objects and haptic devices, and the associated haptic properties, may also be defined within the HapSpace. New descriptors, such as those enable precise locations and link between the user and haptic objects/devices are defined for describing the HapSpace.

Abstract: A method for encoding a volumetric video content representative of a 3D scene is disclosed. The method comprises obtaining a reference viewing box and an intermediate viewing box defined within the 3D scene. For the reference viewing bounding box, the volumetric video reference subcontent is encoded as a central image and peripheral patches for parallax. For the intermediate viewing bounding box, the volumetric video intermediate sub-content is encoded as intermediate central patches which are differences between the intermediate central image and the reference central image.

Abstract: Methods and devices for generated multiplane images from a representation of a 3D scene are disclosed. When an MPI is generated by the system, an image of the accumulation of the alpha values is computed. A convolutional networked is trained with a penalization function that penalizes MPIs with high values of accumulated alpha according to a parameter selected or trained to reduce the redundancy of information between layers of the MPI. When generating a MPI from a subset of the views of a new captured 3D scene, a first MPI is generated with the trained CNN with the associated parameter. An error is calculated between the other views and corresponding synthesized with the first MPI. This error is used to modify the parameter. Then, a second MPI is generated with the trained CNN with the new parameter.

Abstract: Methods, devices and video data encoding a volumetric 3D scene are disclosed. The user is allowed to modify values of rendering effects for some objects of the 3D scene in ranges provided by the content creator or the broadcaster. Metadata describing the possibilities of modifications, the concerned objects and authorized ranges of values are associated with the payload content. On the decoding side, according to these metadata an interface is provided to the user for modifying the values in the authorized ranges.

Abstract: A method and a device for generating a data stream representative of a volumetric video generated from a sequence of multi-plane images are disclosed. A quantization law depending on an angular resolution used to generate patches from the multi-plane images is set up. For each intra-periods of the frame sequence, patches are generated for a given angular resolution. If generated patches do not fit in atlas images of a target size, the angular resolution is decreased and patches are generated again according to this new angular resolution.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided to encode and decode a data stream carrying data representative of a three-dimensional scene, the data stream comprising color pictures packed in a color image; depth pictures packed in a depth image; and a set of patch data items comprising de-projection data; data for retrieving a color picture in the color image and geometry data. Two types of geometry data are possible. The first type of data describes how to retrieve a depth picture in the depth image. The second type of data comprises an identifier of a parametric function and a list of parameter values for the identified parametric function.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided to encode and decode a data stream carrying data representative of a three-dimensional scene, the data stream comprising color pictures packed in a color image; depth pictures packed in a depth image; and a set of patch data items comprising de-projection data; data for retrieving a color picture in the color image and geometry data. These data are inserted in the video track of the stream with associated temporal information. The color and depth pictures that are repeated at least two times in a sequence of patches are not packed in the images but inserted in the image track of the stream and are pointed by color or geometry data.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided to encode and decode a data stream carrying data representative of a three-dimensional scene, the data stream comprising color pictures packed in a color image; depth pictures packed in a depth image; and a set of patch data items comprising de-projection data; data for retrieving a color picture in the color image and geometry data. Two types of geometry data are possible. The first type of data describes how to retrieve a depth picture in the depth image. The second type of data comprises an identifier of a parametric function and a list of parameter values for the identified parametric function.

Abstract: A sequence of point clouds is encoded as a video by an encoder and transmitted to a decoder which retrieves the sequence of point clouds. Visible points of a point cloud are iteratively projected on projection maps according to at least two centers of projection, to determine a patch data item lists. One of the centers of projection is selected and corresponding image patches are generated and packed into a picture. Pictures and associated patch data item list are encoded in a stream. The decoding method decodes pictures and associated patch data item lists. Pixels of image patches comprised in pictures are un-projected according to data stored in associated patches. The methods have the advantage of encoding every point of point clouds in a manner avoiding artifacts and allowing decoding at video frame rate.

Abstract: Generating an image from a source image can involve encoding a projection of a part of a three-dimensional scene. Pixels of a source image comprise a depth and a color attribute. Pixels of a source image are de-projected as colored point cloud. A de-projected point in a 3D space has the color attribute of the pixel that it has been de-projected from. Also, a score is attributed to the generated point according to a local depth gradient and/or a local color gradient of the pixel it comes from, the lower the gradient, the higher the score. The generated point cloud is captured by a virtual camera for rendering on a display device. The point cloud is projected onto the viewport image by blending color of points projected on a same pixel, the blending being weighted by the scores of these points.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for encoding and decoding a volumetric scene are disclosed. A set of attribute and geometry patches is obtained by projecting samples of the volumetric scene onto the patches according to projection parameters. If the geometry patch is comparable to a planar layer located at a constant depth according to the projection parameters, only the attribute patch is packed in an attribute atlas image and the depth value is encoded in metadata. Otherwise, both attribute and geometry patches are packed in an atlas. At the decoding, if metadata for an attribute patch indicates that its geometry may be determined from the projection parameters and a constant depth, the attributes are inverse projected on a planar layer. Otherwise, attributes are inverse projected according to the associated geometry patch.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to an apparatus and a method for obtaining a registration error map representing a level of sharpness of an image. Many methods are known which allow determining the position of a camera with respect to an object, based on the knowledge of a 3D model of the object and the intrinsic parameters of the camera. However, regardless of the visual servoing technique used, there is no control in the image space and the object may get out of the camera field of view during servoing. It is proposed to obtain a registration error map relating to an image of the object of interest generated by computing an intersection of a re-focusing surface obtained from a 3D model of said object of interest and a focal stack based on acquired four-dimensional light-field data relating to said object of interest.

Abstract: To represent a 3D scene, the MPI format uses a set of fronto-parallel planes. Different from MPI, the current MIV standard accepts a 3D scene represented as sequence input pairs of texture and depth pictures as input. To enable transmission of an MPI cube via the MIV-V3C standard, in one embodiment, an MPI cube is divided into empty regions and local MPI partitions that contain 3D objects. Each partition in the MPI cube can be projected to one or more patches. For a patch, the geometry is generated as well as the texture attribute and alpha attributes, and the alpha attributes may be represented as a peak and a width of an impulse. In another embodiment, an MPI RGBA layer of the MPI is cut into sub-images. Each sub-image may correspond to a patch, and the RGB and alpha information of the sub-image are assigned to the patch.

Abstract: Methods and device for encoding/decoding data representative of depth of a 3D scene. The depth data are quantized in a range of quantized depth values larger than a range of encoding values allowed by a determined encoding bit depth. For blocks of pixels comprising the depth data, a first set of candidate quantization parameters is determined. A second set of quantization parameters is determined as a subset of the union of the first sets. The second set comprising candidate quantization parameters common to a plurality of blocks. One or more quantization parameters of the second set being associated with each block of pixels of the picture. The second set of quantization parameters is encoded, and the quantized depth values are encoded according to the quantization parameters.

Abstract: Methods and device for encoding/decoding data representative of a 3D scene.

Abstract: Methods and devices for encoding and decoding data representative of a 3D scene are disclosed. A set of first patches is generated from a first MVD content acquired from a first region of the 3D scene. A patch is a part of one of the views of the MVD content. A set of second patches is generated from a second MVD content acquired from a second region of the 3D scene. An atlas packing first and second patches is generated and associated with metadata indicating, for a patch of the atlas, whether the patch is a first or a second patch At the decoding side, first patches are used for rendering the viewport image and second patches are used for pre-processing or post-processing the viewport image.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus configured to perform obtaining a captured image of a real environment. The real environment includes a device having a screen. The captured image includes the device having the screen. The pose of the screen is determined based on the captured image. From a source other than the captured image, 2D content to be displayed on a representation of the screen in the virtual scene is obtained. The 2D content is projected to produce projected 2D content. The projected 2D content aligned to the pose of the screen. The virtual scene is generated as a combination of a virtual content item and the projected 2D content.

Abstract: A method for encoding a volumetric video content representative of a 3D scene is disclosed. The method comprises obtaining a reference viewing box and an intermediate viewing box defined within the 3D scene. For the reference viewing bounding box, the volumetric video reference subcontent is encoded as a central image and peripheral patches for parallax. For the intermediate viewing bounding box, the volumetric video intermediate sub-content is encoded as intermediate central patches which are differences between the intermediate central image and the reference central image.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for encoding, transmitting and decoding 3DoF+ volumetric video. At the encoding stage one input view (among all the input ones) is selected to convey the viewport dependent light effect and its id is transmitted to the decoder as an extra metadata. On the decoder side, when patches coming from this selected view are available for the rendering of the viewport, they are preferentially used regarding the other candidates whatever the view to synthesize position.

Abstract: Methods, devices and stream for encoding, decoding and transmitting a multi-views frame are disclosed. A non-pruned MVD frame is obtained and an acyclic graph representing pruning precedence relations between views is determined. The MVD is pruned by using these precedence relations. The pruned MVD and data representative of the graph are encoded in the data stream. At the decoding, the contribution of each view for a pixel of a viewport frame to generate is determined as a function of the decoded pruning graph.