Abstract: Multi-bit programming apparatuses and/or methods are provided. A multi-bit programming apparatus may include: a first control unit that allocates any one of 2N threshold voltage states to the N-bit data; a second control unit that spaces, by any one of a first interval and a second interval, adjacent threshold voltage states of the 2N threshold voltage states; and a programming unit that programs the N-bit data by generating, in each of the at least one multi-bit cell, a distribution state corresponding to the allocated threshold voltage state. The multi-bit programming apparatus can reduce an error rate when reading data.

Abstract: A model-based estimation of mass airflow is provided which provides an accurate estimation of mass airflow without introducing undesirable time delays characteristic of filtered mass airflow signals.

Abstract: A diversity apparatus includes a transceiver, a phase shifter which switches phases of a carrier wave transmitted from the transceiver, and a leakage transmission path which transmits the carrier wave output from the phase shifter. The transceiver switches a phase of the phase shifter depending on a receiving level.

Abstract: A cleaner system having an improved connecting position and structure between a robot cleaner and a docking station for achieving an improvement in dust removal performance of the docking station. The docking station performs manual cleaning. The robot cleaner has a dust outlet at a top wall of the robot body to discharge the dust collected in the first dust collector into the docking station, and the docking station has a connection port at a position thereof corresponding to the dust outlet to receive the dust discharged from the dust outlet. The robot cleaner or docking station includes a connector to connect the dust outlet to the connection port. The docking station includes a suction part, suction pipe, and suction hole for manual operation. A channel switching member is mounted in the docking station to selectively apply power required to suck dust to the connection port or suction hole.

Abstract: A headrest assembly is adapted to be disposed on a child seat. The child seat includes a seat frame. The headrest assembly includes a mounting member connected to the seat frame, and a headrest plate including a mounting seat attached to the mounting member and including a pair of resilient retainers connected respectively to two opposite sides of the mounting member. Each of the retainers has a plurality of positioning portions disposed respectively at different height positions. Each of the sides of the mounting member engages a selected one of the positioning portions of a corresponding one of the retainers.

Abstract: An exemplary multi-signal input testing apparatus (2) includes a testing table (20), a transfer table (21) slidably positioned on the testing table, and a pair of multi-signal input devices (25) arranged on the transfer table. Each multi-signal input device includes a pair of connect ends (251, 252). One of the connect ends includes a plurality of pinhole terminals for receiving various testing signals, and the other connect end includes a plurality of connectors for supplying the testing signals to a product to be tested. This means that several tests can be automatically performed by a same multi-signal input testing apparatus at any single testing station. This speeds the testing of the products, and helps promote the efficiency of the testing process. In addition, it can simplify the configuration of various testing equipment and save space. Furthermore, there is little or no need for manual work by operators.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for treating cancers by manipulating a target gene expression by up-regulation, silencing and/or down-regulation of the gene, such as EGFR-RP, TRA1, MFGE8, TNFSF13 and ZFP236, respectively. The methods are useful in treating cancers and/or inhibiting tumor growth by enhancing expression of a gene that is validated as a target such as ICT1030, for protein, peptide drug and gene therapy modalities; or by RNA interference to silence and/or down-regulate targets such as ICT1024, ICT1025 and ICT1031 and ICB1003 that are validated for antibody, small molecule and other inhibitor drug modalities.

Abstract: A heat dissipation device for dissipating heat generated from an add-on card. The heat dissipating device includes two heat sinks and two heat pipes connecting with the two heat sinks. Each of the heat sinks includes a base and a fin group mounted on a top surface of the base. Each of the heat pipes includes a connecting section and two heat-conductive sections extending from opposite ends of the connecting section. One of the two heat-conductive sections of each of the heat pipes is sandwiched between the base and the fin group of one heat sink, and another of the two heat-conductive sections is sandwiched between the base and the fin group of another heat sink.

Abstract: A data processing device for processing time-sequence data includes a learning unit for performing self-organizing learning of a SOM (self-organization map) making up a hierarchical SOM in which a plurality of SOMs are connected so as to construct a hierarchical structure, using, as SOM input data which is input to the SOM, a time-sequence of node information representing a winning node of a lower-order SOM which is at a lower hierarchical level from the SOM.

Abstract: An automatic transmission control apparatus includes an engine rotational speed limit verifying section and a shift control characteristic changing section. The engine rotational speed limit verifying section is configured to receive an engine rotational speed limit value for limiting an engine rotational speed and determine if the engine rotational speed limit value is lower than a prescribed normal upper limit value. The shift control characteristic changing section is configured to change a shift schedule of an automatic transmission based on the engine rotational speed being limited by the engine rotational speed limit value and the automatic transmission having a stronger tendency to select a higher gear stage than if the engine rotational speed limit value was not being limited to a lower value than the prescribed normal limit value, when the engine rotational speed limit value is determined to lower than the prescribed normal upper limit value.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a heterogeneous data sharing mechanism comprising a capture process and an apply process may be provided in a database system. The capture process mines or receives, at the source entity, a plurality of records that belong to a plurality of transactions. Here, first records from a first transaction in the plurality of transactions are interleaved with one or more records from one or more different transactions in the plurality of transactions. The capture process orders the plurality of records into a stream of ordered records such that all records that belong to a transaction are stored contiguously in a single block of records in the stream. Subsequently, the capture process sends the stream of ordered records from the source entity to the sink entity. Alternatively, the apply process retrieves the stream of ordered records from the capture process.

Abstract: Provided is a smart garment for measuring a physiological signal which can improve comfort and convenience of wear and correctly measure a physiological signal. The smart garment for measuring physiological signals includes an electrode which is made of an electro-conductive fabric and detects a physiological signal, a physiological signal transmission line through which the detected physiological signal is transmitted, a physiological signal measuring unit which is connected to the transmission line, receives the physiological signal, and measures information regarding body conditions related to the physiological signal, and a pocket where the physiological signal measuring unit in inserted.

Abstract: An image-forming device has cylindrical image-carrying members, and an optical scanning unit. The cylindrical image-carrying members are in a main casing for rotating about respective rotational axes which are parallel to one another and juxtaposed in a single direction. The optical scanning unit is in the main casing and has laser generators, a rotatable polygon mirror, mirrors, and lenses. The laser generators have a one-to-one relationship to the image-carrying members to emit laser beams. The rotatable polygon mirror deflects the respective laser beams to scan the respective image-carrying members. The mirrors have a one-to-one relationship to the image-carrying members to guide the respective laser beams along respective optical paths to the respective image-carrying members. The lenses have a one-to-one relationship to the plurality of image-carrying members provided in the respective optical paths and between the respective mirrors and the respective image-carrying members.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device comprising: a support substrate; an insulating film formed on the support substrate; a semiconductor film formed on the insulating film; a gate insulating film formed on the semiconductor film; a gate electrode film formed on the gate insulating film; and a source region and a drain region formed in the semiconductor film so as to sandwich the gate insulating film in a gate length direction, the source and drain regions contacting the insulating film at the bottom surface, and the semiconductor memory device storing data corresponding to the amount of charges accumulated in the semiconductor film surrounded by the insulating film, the gate insulating film, and the source and drain regions and electrically floated, wherein a border length between the source region and the gate insulating film contiguous to each other is different from a border length between the drain region and the gate insulating film to each other.

Abstract: In a driving method of a flash memory device including a selected first bit line and an unselected second bit line, a program voltage of a pulse is applied to word lines of all memory cells in a block passing an erase verify operation. After the first and second bit lines are precharged to a predetermined level, a ground voltage is applied to the word lines of all the memory cells in the block. The memory cells are evaluated for a predetermined time shorter than an evaluation time of a read operation. Whether or not a memory cell passing a verify operation exists among the memory cells is sensed. Resultantly, when the memory cell passing the verify operation exists, the memory cells in the block are programmed to a desired level using a predetermined program voltage and a step voltage.

Abstract: A method includes simultaneously driving a load via first and second magnetically coupled regulator phases for a first duration, uncoupling one of the phases from the load after the first duration, and, after uncoupling the one phase from the load, allowing a current through the one phase to decay. For example, such a method allows energy stored in the uncoupled phase to be recaptured to the output transient response of a power supply.

Abstract: A novel lactone-containing compound is provided as well as a polymer comprising units of the compound. The polymer is used as a base resin to formulate a resist composition having a high sensitivity, resolution and etching resistance.