Abstract: An imaging sensing system includes a solid state image device composed of one chip and a controller for controlling the solid state image device. The solid state image device further includes an image sensor of a charge accumulation type for receiving light from an object and for outputting an electric signal to the controller. Further, an exemplary embodiment of an image device includes a decoder for decoding a control signal and for outputting a decode signal. A timing signal output indicates the timing of a charge accumulation of an image sensor controller for controlling the image sensor in accordance with the decode signal. In an exemplary embodiment, the controller includes an A/D convertor for converting the electric signal into a digital signal.

Abstract: An AF camera system for automatically controlling an objective lens for focusing an object includes a focus detector for generating a defocus data DF carrying information of a defocus amount and a defocus direction based on a focus condition of an object to be focused through an objective lens detected in a detection cycle, an infocus detector for detecting an infocus condition based on the defocus data, a lens driver for driving the objective lens based on the defocus amount and defocus direction carried in the defocus data DF when the infocus detection mean did not detect the infocus condition; and a control for controlling the focus adjustment based on defocus data and/or the detection of the infocus condition detected by the infocus detection means.

Abstract: A programmable controller with an I/O signal converting circuit having an input element and an output element, comprises a signal I/O unit having a plurality of element sockets capable of replaceably accommodating both the input element and the output element; a selecting unit for selecting the type of the accommodated element; and a signal storing and sending unit. Each element socket may accommodate the input and output elements. Therefore, the space required to install the I/O circuits is reduced, and the number of input and output elements can be arbitrarily set.

Abstract: An autofocus camera system for automatically controlling an objective lens for focusing an object includes a focus detector for detecting a focus condition of the photographing lens with respect to the object, an infocus condition detector for detecting an infocus condition of the photographing lens, a plurality of focus adjusting modes including a first mode for prohibiting lens movement after detecting an infocus condition and a second mode for adjusting the photographing lens after detecting an infocus condition, and a selector for automatically selecting one of the focusing adjustment modes.

Abstract: An image sensing system comprises photoelectric conversion element array which responds to the light from a subject and produces charges responding to the quantity of incident light, storage parts temporarily storing the charges produced by the array and a shift register which receives and outputs the charges in the storage parts. A first gate is installed between the array and the storage parts and a second gate is installed between the storage parts and the shift register. The storage time of the charges and the like can be controlled by controlling the first and the second gates by a control circuit. Then, when the subject is of high luminance, the charges are stored into the storage parts with the array and storage parts connected intact to each other by putting the first gating means in the ON state, and the completion of integration thereof is performed by putting the first gate in the OFF state.

Abstract: An image sensing system comprises photoelectric conversion element array which responds to the light from a subject and produces charges responding to the quantity of incident light, storage parts temporarily storing the charges produced by the array and a shift register which receives and outputs the charges in the storage parts. A first gate is installed between the array and the storage parts and a second gate is installed between the storage parts and the shift register. The storage time of the charges and the like can be controlled by controlling the first and the second gates by a control circuit. Then, when the subject is of high luminance, the charges are stored into the storage parts with the array and storage parts connected intact to each other by putting the first gating means in the ON state, and the completion of integration thereof is performed by putting the first gate in the OFF state.

Abstract: An endoscope apparatus is disclosed in which the horizontal transfer of the charge of a solid imaging device such as a CCD and the resetting for the detection of the charge are conducted by a common drive signal. The signal transmitted from the solid imaging device is caused to contain a feed-through period by making the drive signal to be served by a multi-valued level horizontal transfer signal exceeding a trinary value. Therefore, reset noise or the like can be eliminated by processing the output signal by using a correlated double sampling circuit or the like so that a video signal exhibiting a good S/N ratio can be obtained.

Abstract: An image sensing system comprises photoelectric conversion element array which responds to the light from a subject and produces charges responding to the quantity of incident light, storage parts temporarily storing the charges produced by the array and a shift register which receives and outputs the charges in the storage parts. A first gate is installed between the array and the storage parts and a second gate is installed between the storage parts and the shift register. The storage time of the charges and the like can be controlled by controlling the first and the second gates by a control circuit. Then, when the subject is of high luminance, the charges are stored into the storage parts with the array and storage parts connected intact to each other by putting the first gating means in the ON state, and the completion of integration thereof is performed by putting the first gate in the OFF state.

Abstract: An image sensing device comprises a light receiving unit having light receiving elements for producing electric charges corresponding to intensity of light received by the light receiving elements; an accumulator for accumulating the electric charges produced by the light receiving unit; a transferring unit for transferring the accumulated electric charges in response to a predetermined transfer clock; a discharge unit for discharging electric charges received; a first gate between the accumulator and the transferring unit for controlling the transference of the accumulated electric charges to the transferring unit; a second gate between the transferring unit and the discharge unit for controlling the transference of the electric charges in the transferring unit to the discharge unit; a gate control for controlling the first and second gates to interrupt the transference of electric charges through the first and second gates for performing the accumulation of the accumulator, to permit the transference of acc

Abstract: Hydrophilic fine gel particles, said particles being crosslinked polymer particles comprising 20-94.8% by weight of a monoethylenically unsaturated amide monomer, 5-60.0% by weight of a crosslinkable ethylenically unsaturated monomer, 0.1-30% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, 0.1-50% by weight of an ester monomer of an acrylic or methacrylic acid, and 0-30% by weight of a monomer copolymerizable with the above-mentioned monomers, said particles having a particle diameter in a water-swollen state of 0.1-10 .mu.m and a weight-average particle diameter/number-average particle diameter ratio of 1.2 or less; and a process for producing hydrophilic fine gel particles having a particle diameter in a water-swollen state of 0.1-10 .mu.m and a weight-average particle diameter/number-average particle diameter ratio of 1.2 or less, which comprises copolymerizing a monomer mixture of 20-94.8% by weight of a monoethylenically unsaturated amide monomer, 5-60.

Abstract: A spectrophotometer is composed of a spectrofilter, a plurality of bandpass filters for cutting unnecessary transmission bands, and a CCD photosensor. The photosensor is composed of two sets of photosensors having different sensitivity ranges that overlap at some portion to increase the dynamic range of the device. The handling amount of charges is increased at every portion of the CCD photosensor in order to reduce the influence of the shot noise. Further, various technologies are used to enhance the accuracy and stability of the spectrophoto-measurement.

Abstract: An image sensing system comprises photoelectric conversion element array which responds to the light from a subject and produces charges responding to the quantity of incident light, storage parts temporarily storing the charges produced by the array and a shift register which receives and outputs the charges in the storage parts. A first gate is installed between the array and the storage parts and a second gate is installed between the storage parts and the shift register. The storage time of the charges and the like can be controlled by controlling the first and the second gates by a control circuit. Then, when the subject is of high luminance, the charges are stored into the storage parts with the array and storage parts conencted intact to each other by putting the first gating means in the ON state, and the completion of integration thereof is performed by putting the first gate in the OFF state.

Abstract: An AF autofocus camera system for automatically controlling an objective lens for focusing an object including a focus detector for generating defocus data carrying information of a defocus amount and a defocus direction based on a focus condition of an object to be focused through an objective lens detected at a detection cycle, and a focus condition memory for storing defocus data obtained in a present detection cycle, a previous detection cycle, and a cycle before the previous detection cycle. The system further includes first and second infocus detectors for detecting the infocus condition based on the defocus data itself and the average of the defocus data, respectively. First and second lens drive controllers are provided for driving and stopping the objective lens responsive to the first and second infocus detectors, respectively.

Abstract: Hydrophilic fine gel particles, said particles being crosslinked polymer particles comprising 20-94.8% by weight of a monoethylenically unsaturated amide monomer, 5-60.0% by weight of a crosslinkable ethylenically unsaturated monomer, 0.1-30% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, 0.1-50% by weight of an ester monomer of an acrylic or methacrylic acid, and 0-30% by weight of a monomer copolymerizable with the above-mentioned monomers, said particles having a particle diameter in a water-swollen state of 0.1-10 .mu.m and a weight-average particle diameter/number-average particle diameter ratio of 1.2 or less; and a process for producing hydrophilic fine gel particles having a particle diameter in a water-swollen state of 0.1-10 .mu.m and a weight-average particle diameter/number-average particle diameter ratio of 1.2 or less, which comprises copolymerizing a monomer mixture of 20-94.8% by weight of a monoethylenically unsaturated amide monomer, 5-60.

Abstract: An image sensing device includes a light receiving unit having light receiving elements for producing electric charges corresponding to intensity of light received by the light receiving elements; an accumulator for accumulating the electric charges produced by the light receiving unit; a transferring unit for transferring the accumulated electric charges in response to a predetermined transfer clock; a discharge unit for discharging electric charges received; a first gate between the accumulator and the transferring unit for controlling the transference of the accumulated electric charges to the transferring unit; a second gate between the transferring unit and the discharge unit for controlling the transference of the electric charges in the transferring unit to the discharge unit; a gate control for controlling the first and second gates to interrupt the transference of electric charges through the first and second gates for performing the accumulation of the accumulator, to permit the transference of accu

Abstract: A charge detection circuit is capable of converting electrostatic charge quantities on a solid-state imaging chip into voltage signals of negative polarity. The voltage signals of the negative polarity are suppled to a DC-coupled polarity inversion circuit which inverts the polarity of the signals and amplifies the signals. In consequence, the generation of heat in the transistor of the outpout stage is reduced so as to suppress undesirable temperature rise of the solid-state imaging chip.

Abstract: A photosensor, or an image sensor made of many such photosensors, including a plurality of photosensor pixels each having a logarithmic converter. The logarithmic converter converts source charges that are produced by a photoreceptor (or a photodiode) and proportional to the amount of the incident light into signal charges logarithmically proportional to the source charges whose amount does not grow so rapid as the amount of source charges grows. Owing to the logarithmic converter, the dynamic range of the photosensor (or image sensor) has a very wide dynamic range.

Abstract: An endoscope automatic light control apparatus comprises an automatic light control apparatus for controlling the quantity of light incident to an imaging apparatus for imaging an endoscopic image so as to maintain a signal from the imaging apparatus substantially at a constant level. An automatic gaim control apparatus inputs a signal from the imaging apparatus and controls its output level so as to maintain the signal substantially at a constant level. The automatic light control apparatus and the automatic gain control apparatus respectively having a plurality of brightness information generating apparatuses generating brightness information based on the signal from the imaging apparatus. The plurality of brightness information generating apparatuses are different from each other in a method of generating brightness information and one of the plurality of brightness information generating apparatuses able to be selected.

Abstract: A laminated structure [10; 20; 30] formed of a ceramic color layer and a conductive layer comprises a ceramic color layer [2; 22; 32] formed on the surface of plate glass [11] and a conductive layer [3] formed on the surface of said ceramic color layer and containing silver ions. At least a partial layer [2; 22b; 32b] constituting said ceramic color layer and located on the side on which said conductive layer is formed is comprised of any one of a ceramic layer [2; 22b] containing a reducing agent and a ceramic layer [32b] having a higher melting point.

Abstract: An electronic endoscope apparatus whereby the position of the tip part of an insertable part inserted into a body cavity is confirmed from outside the body with the transmission out of the body from within the body cavity of a light emitted from an illuminating window provided in the tip part.