Abstract: Arrangement of an internal component (not shown) arranged in the vicinity of the top side is different from that of the hinge side of an image element protective screen (2). An actuator (5) is fixed to the top side of the image element protective screen (2) and an actuator (4) is fixed to the hinge side of the image element protective screen (2). Since Arrangement of the internal component in the vicinity of the actuator is different, different sound pressure frequency characteristics or the like are experienced when each actuator is driven independently. When the actuators (4, 5) are driven simultaneously, sound pressure frequency characteristics and vibration frequency characteristics can be flattened. Isolation between the vibration speed of a vibrator near one actuator and the vibration speed of a vibrator in the region near the other actuator that are produced by respective actuators is set at 10 dB or above.

Abstract: An object is to provide an audio circuit in which flow of excessive current through a capacitive speaker and a drive circuit thereof can be prevented while degradation of sound quality of high-pitched tones is suppressed. The audio circuit for driving a capacitive speaker includes: a weighting circuit for performing weighting in conformity with frequency components of an audio signal; and a signal-voltage limiting compression circuit for compressing a signal, which is input to the drive amplifier or which has been output from the drive circuit, at a prescribed compression ratio in accordance with a difference voltage between the output signal of the weighting circuit and a preset threshold voltage when the weighted signal exceeds the threshold voltage.

Abstract: To reduce the number of photomasks for forming an ion injection mask, then reduce a manufacturing cost of a semiconductor device, accurately control a shape and a position of an ion implantation region into a substrate, and improve a manufacturing yield of the semiconductor device. A manufacturing method of a semiconductor device comprises the steps of: forming an alignment mark on a substrate; forming a second resist pattern on the substrate on which the alignment mark is formed; forming a first ion implantation region by injecting a first ion into an exposure surface of the substrate; forming a thin film on the second resist pattern and on the first ion implantation region; forming a thin film pattern that covers an outer edge of the first ion implantation region by reducing a prescribed portion of the thin film; forming a second ion implantation region by injecting a second ion into the exposure surface of the first ion implantation region; and removing the thin film pattern and the second resist pattern.

Abstract: A piezoelectric acoustic device comprises: at least two piezoelectric actuators; a support body that supports the at least two piezoelectric actuators; and a signal input unit that drives the at least two piezoelectric actuators at respective arbitrary times. At least one pair of piezoelectric actuators among the at least two piezoelectric actuators is arranged in such a manner that their sound radiation surfaces face each other with a predetermined gap.

Abstract: An object is to provide an audio circuit in which flow of excessive current through a capacitive speaker and a drive circuit thereof can be prevented while degradation of sound quality of high-pitched tones is suppressed. The audio circuit for driving a capacitive speaker includes: a weighting circuit for performing weighting in conformity with frequency components of an audio signal; and a signal-voltage limiting compression circuit for compressing a signal, which is input to the drive amplifier or which has been output from the drive circuit, at a prescribed compression ratio in accordance with a difference voltage between the output signal of the weighting circuit and a preset threshold voltage when the weighted signal exceeds the threshold voltage.

Abstract: There is provided a piezoelectric actuator and the like capable of efficiently transmitting vibration between an object (e.g., a housing of an electronic device) and a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator. The piezoelectric actuator 50A includes a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 15 and a holder 12 to hold an edge section thereof and functions as, for example, a vibrator by propagating deflective vibration of the vibrator 15 via the holder 12 to an elastic body 14 as the object. A subsidiary holder 13 is disposed between the vibrator 15 and the elastic body 14, and part of the deflective vibration of the vibrator 15 is propagated via the elastic body 14.

Abstract: An acoustic processing system for an electronic device includes: an equalizer processor which boosts or cuts a digital signal which has been subjected to an acoustic process for each of frequency components; a low-pass filter which extracts a low-range signal from the signal from the equalizer processor and outputs the signal; a high-pass filter which extracts a high-range signal from the signal from the equalizer processor and outputs the signal; a high-frequency compressor which compresses the high-range signal; an adder which generates an addition of the low-range signal and the compressed high-range signal; and a speaker which outputs a sound in accordance with the addition of the signal.

Abstract: A telephone terminal (10) includes: an operation unit (11) inputting an operation signal corresponding to an operation of a user; a sound input unit (16) inputting a sound signal corresponding to sound captured from an outside; a signal processing unit (14) converting the sound signal from the sound input unit to a transmission signal; a control unit (15) interrupting propagation of the sound signal inputted to the signal processing unit at the time when the operation signal from the operation unit is recognized. With the configuration, sound generated by a terminal operation such as a key operation during a telephone call in a telephone terminal can be easily prevented from being sent to the other party.

Abstract: The present invention provides a portable terminal device, such as a portable telephone terminal device including a speaker sound hole in a case side and a main display portion in a case front, in which sound pressure of a terminal front direction can be increased. A sound generated from a speaker 103 accommodated in a case 1 is induced to a terminal side by a speaker sound hole 106. A convex portion 109 is formed in a case portion closer to a rear side than the speaker sound hole 106. The convex portion 109 serves as a sound barrier for preventing a sound ejected from the speaker sound hole 106 from being directed to a terminal rear direction. As a result, sound pressure of a terminal front direction is increased.

Abstract: Arrangement of an internal component (not shown) arranged in the vicinity of the top side is different from that of the hinge side of an image element protective screen (2). An actuator (5) is fixed to the top side of the image element protective screen (2) and an actuator (4) is fixed to the hinge side of the image element protective screen (2). Since Arrangement of the internal component in the vicinity of the actuator is different, different sound pressure frequency characteristics or the like are experienced when each actuator is driven independently. When the actuators (4, 5) are driven simultaneously, sound pressure frequency characteristics and vibration frequency characteristics can be flattened. Isolation between the vibration speed of a vibrator near one actuator and the vibration speed of a vibrator in the region near the other actuator that are produced by respective actuators is set at 10 dB or above.

Abstract: There is provided a piezoelectric actuator and the like capable of efficiently transmitting vibration between an object (e.g., a housing of an electronic device) and a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator. The piezoelectric actuator 50A includes a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 15 and a holder 12 to hold an edge section thereof and functions as, for example, a vibrator by propagating deflective vibration of the vibrator 15 via the holder 12 to an elastic body 14 as the object. A subsidiary holder 13 is disposed between the vibrator 15 and the elastic body 14, and part of the deflective vibration of the vibrator 15 is propagated via the elastic body 14.

Abstract: In a folding electronic device, a pair of micro-speakers is mounted in the upper housing, and a vibrating actuator is mounted in the lower housing. Both these micro-speakers and the vibrating actuator reproduce sound. The vibrating actuator causes the lower housing and external housing to vibrate, and in particular supplements the acoustic characteristics of the micro-speakers in the low-frequency region. Furthermore, in cases where sound is reproduced using the mobile terminal device constituting this electronic device, sound is reproduced by mounting the mobile terminal device in an external housing, charging device, or cradle.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a semiconductor integrated circuit device in which a lower electrode of a capacitor is composed of a polycrystalline silicon film having a surface area increased by surface roughening, an impurity is introduced into the polycrystalline silicon film by vapor phase diffusion in order to reduce the resistance of the lower electrode.

Abstract: An absorbent solution for an absorption refrigeration apparatus is composed of water as a refrigerant and an absorbent. The absorbent is a mixture of at least three lithium compounds selected from the group consisting of lithium bromide, lithium iodide, lithium chloride, and lithium nitrate. The mixture ratio of, for example, lithium bromide to lithium iodide to lithium chloride in the absorbent is 1:0.1-1.0:0.05-0.50. Therefore, since absorption temperature sufficiently higher than crystallization temperature can be achieved, neither lithium halide nor lithium nitrate is precipitated in the absorbent solution during the operation cycle of the refrigeration apparatus.