Abstract: A vehicle control device is provided for hybrid vehicles with which it is possible to improve the detection accuracy of an electric leakage. The vehicle control device determines an occurrence of an electric leakage of a strong current system that is routed from a high power battery to a motor. The vehicle control device includes an integrated controller that executes a process that prohibits a mode switch between an HEV mode for traveling by the drive force of the engine and the motor, and an EV mode for traveling by the drive force of only the motor during an electric leakage detection.

Abstract: A vehicle control device is provided for hybrid vehicles with which it is possible to improve the detection accuracy of an electric leakage. The vehicle control device determines an occurrence of an electric leakage of a strong current system that is routed from a high power battery to a motor. The vehicle control device includes an integrated controller that executes a process that prohibits a mode switch between an HEV mode for traveling by the drive force of the engine and the motor, and an EV mode for traveling by the drive force of only the motor during an electric leakage detection.

Abstract: The improved method for the etching of transparent conductive oxide layers placed on flexible polymer substrates, hard substrates like glass or on silicon wafers comprises the use of new etching pastes, which are activated by irradiation.

Abstract: To provide functional paste with etching activity and good electrical properties. Functional paste comprising a metal powder, an etching agent, a binder and an organic solvent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel printable etching medium having non-Newtonian flow behavior for the etching of surfaces in the production of solar cells, and to the use thereof. The present invention furthermore also relates to etching and doping media which are suitable both for the etching of inorganic layers and also for the doping of underlying layers. In particular, they are corresponding particle-containing compositions by means of which extremely fine structures can be etched very selectively without damaging or attacking adjacent areas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel printable etching medium having non-Newtonian flow behaviour for the etching of surfaces in the production of solar cells, and to the use thereof. The present invention furthermore also relates to etching and doping media which are suitable both for the etching of inorganic layers and also for the doping of underlying layers. In particular, they are corresponding particle-containing compositions by means of which extremely fine structures can be etched very selectively without damaging or attacking adjacent areas.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle drive control apparatus and method for a vehicle including an engine and a motor-generator are taught herein. When a drive mode requested by a driver is a power mode that attaches greater importance to an acceleration performance than to fuel consumption efficiency, a power mode engine torque that is larger than an optimum fuel consumption efficiency engine torque is used as a target engine torque of the engine.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle control apparatus includes an engine, a motor, first and second engaging elements, an input rotational speed and a controller. The first engaging element is arranged between the engine and the motor to selectively connect and disconnect the engine and the motor. The second engaging element is arranged between the motor and a drive wheel to selectively connect and disconnect the motor and the drive wheel. The input rotational speed detecting section is configured to detect an input rotational speed of the second engaging element corresponding to a rotational speed of the motor. The controller is configured to determine whether the second engaging element is seized based on the input rotational speed when a disengagement command or a slip engagement command has been issued to the second engaging element and a drive force of at least one of the engine and the motor has been changed.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle drive control apparatus and method for a vehicle including an engine and a motor-generator are taught herein. When a drive mode requested by a driver is a power mode that attaches greater importance to an acceleration performance than to fuel consumption efficiency, a power mode engine torque that is larger than an optimum fuel consumption efficiency engine torque is used as a target engine torque of the engine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel printable etching medium having non-Newtonian flow behaviour for the etching of surfaces in the production of solar cells, and to the use thereof. The present invention furthermore also relates to etching and doping media which are suitable both for the etching of inorganic layers and also for the doping of underlying layers. In particular, they are corresponding particle-containing compositions by means of which extremely fine structures can be etched very selectively without damaging or attacking adjacent areas.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle control apparatus includes an engine, a motor, first and second engaging elements, an input rotational speed and a controller. The first engaging element is arranged between the engine and the motor to selectively connect and disconnect the engine and the motor. The second engaging element is arranged between the motor and a drive wheel to selectively connect and disconnect the motor and the drive wheel. The input rotational speed detecting section is configured to detect an input rotational speed of the second engaging element corresponding to a rotational speed of the motor. The controller is configured to determine whether the second engaging element is seized based on the input rotational speed when a disengagement command or a slip engagement command has been issued to the second engaging element and a drive force of at least one of the engine and the motor has been changed.

Abstract: [Aims] To provide functional paste with etching activity and good electrical properties. [Means] Functional paste comprising a metal powder, an etching agent, a binder and an organic solvent.

Abstract: In a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) employing a hybrid system using both an internal combustion engine and a second motor/generator as a propelling power source for vehicle propulsion, and also employing a first generator driven by the engine for power generation, an integrated HEV control system is provided to control the engine, and the first and second motor/generators. The integrated HEV control system permits operation of only the second motor/generator as the propelling power source to establish a motor propelled vehicle driving mode and simultaneously basically inhibits operation of the engine, when satisfying at least a condition that the engine misfire occurs. If a power generation requirement or a battery recharge requirement is present during the misfire period, operation of the engine is temporarily permitted for driving the first motor/generator only for a battery recharge.

Abstract: In a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) employing a hybrid system using both an internal combustion engine and a second motor/generator as a propelling power source for vehicle propulsion, and also employing a first generator driven by the engine for power generation, an integrated HEV control system is provided to control the engine, and the first and second motor/generators. The integrated HEV control system permits operation of only the second motor/generator as the propelling power source to establish a motor propelled vehicle driving mode and simultaneously basically inhibits operation of the engine, when satisfying at least a condition that the engine misfire occurs. If a power generation requirement or a battery recharge requirement is present during the misfire period, operation of the engine is temporarily permitted for driving the first motor/generator only for a battery recharge.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing an optical retardation film comprising at least one layer of an anisotropic polymer material, to a method of rubbing a substrate for the alignment of liquid crystal or mesogenic material that can be used in the above process, to an optical retardation film obtainable by the above process, to the use of such an optical retardation film in a liquid crystal display, and to a liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal cell and such an optical retardation film.

Abstract: In a device for judging of misfire of an internal combustion engine from a variation of crankshaft rotational speed during combustion stroke of each cylinders, a measurement period for measurement of crankshaft rotational speed at a cylinder is set by counting a predetermined number of first signals indicative of a predetermined rotational angle of a crankshaft firstly on the basis of a second signal indicative of a reference position of a camshaft and secondly and onward on the basis of the first signals used for setting the previous measurement section.

Abstract: A ferroelectric liquid crystal device includes a pair of substrates which has electrodes formed in an opposing spatial relation to each other. At least one of the electrodes is optically transparent. A parallel aligned, obliquely evaporated film is formed on each electrode. The paired substrates are sealed to provide a cell. A ferroelectric liquid crystal composition to which an ionic substance having a great mobility is added is placed in the cell to obtain the liquid crystal device. The addition of the ionic substance results in a low switching threshold voltage, a high response speed and good memory reproducibility. When the device is applied with an AC electric field prior to driving, display contrast is significantly improved.

Abstract: A electroluminescence device has a light emitting layer composed of a fluorescent powder and a liquid crystal between a transparent substrate formed with a transparent electrode and an insulating substrate formed with an opposed electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a device for displaying letters, images, etc. as well as a displaying medium used therefor, by which a display medium obtained by superposing a photoconductive layer, in which microcapsules are dispersed on a substrate. The microcapsules enclose a liquid crystal material which transitions between a transparent state and an opaque state by the application of an electric field. The substrate has a conductive surface so that charging of the surface causes the microcapsules to become transparent. An electrostatic latent image is formed on the surface of the displaying medium by irradiating selectively the surface with light. An AC electric field is applied to the displaying medium in order to make the microcapsules opaque at the position corresponding to the place, where the electric field is made disappear thereby making the latent image visible.

Abstract: A ferroelectric liquid crystal device, in which orientation is applied for either one of both or two substrates having transparent electrodes formed thereon for arranging the liquid crystal molecules in parallel with the substrate and a ferroelectric crystal is filled into the gap between two sheets of the substrates, wherein the ferroelectric liquid crystal has a helical texture pitch in the smectic phase not less than 1 um and not greater than 3.5 micrometers, while having a pitch in the cholesteric phase of not less than 25 micrometers. Also, the length of the gap between the substrates ranges from 6 to 13 micrometers. The light scattering type liquid crystal device capable of storing the state of display and displaying a large picture area at high contrast can be obtained.