Abstract: A pixel includes: a first conductive pattern, a second conductive pattern, and a third conductive pattern on a substrate and spaced apart from each other; a passivation layer on and exposing each of the first, second, and third conductive patterns; a via layer on the passivation layer and having first, second, and third via holes respectively exposing one area of the first conductive pattern, one area of the second conductive pattern, and one area of the third conductive pattern; first and second alignment electrodes on the via layer and electrically connected to the second conductive pattern and the first conductive pattern, respectively; and a light emitting element on the first and second alignment electrodes. The via layer has a first area and a second area that is thinner than the first area, and the second area is directly adjacent to at least one of the via holes.

Abstract: Provided is a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet used for an automobile outer panel and so forth and, more specifically, to a method for producing a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet having excellent press formability and clarity after painting, and to a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet produced by the method.

Abstract: A camera actuator according to an embodiment includes a moving part including a lens; and a driving part for moving the moving part in the optical axis direction; wherein the driving part includes: a circuit board; a sensing part disposed on the circuit board and sensing a position of the moving part; and a driver IC disposed on the circuit board and connected to the sensing part; wherein the sensing part includes first and second sensing parts, and wherein a distance between the first sensing part and the driver IC corresponds to a distance between the second sensing part and the driver IC.

Abstract: A light emitting element includes a first light emitting element including a first semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second semiconductor layer, which are sequentially disposed in a first direction, a second light emitting element including a first semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second semiconductor layer, which are spaced apart from the first light emitting element and sequentially disposed in a reverse direction of the first direction, and an insulative film surrounding a portion of the first light emitting element and a portion of the second light emitting element.

Abstract: A color filter is provided. The color filter includes a substrate, a bank formed on a substrate to partition a plurality of pixel units into each other, a plurality of first structures formed on the pixel unit, and having a width narrower than a width of the pixel unit, and a height lower than a height of the bank, and an ink film filled in the pixel unit and having a height higher than the height of the first structures.

Abstract: A method for reducing a wet etch rate of flowable chemical vapor deposition (FCVD) oxide layers in a semiconductor wafer, the method including performing a plasma doping operation on the semiconductor wafer using a primary dopant gas and a diluent gas adapted to reduce a wet etch rate of the FCVD oxide layer, wherein the dopant gas and the diluent gas are supplied by a gas source of a plasma doping system, wherein the diluent gas is provided in an amount of 0.01%-5% by volume of the total amount of gas supplied by the gas source 36 during the plasma doping operation, and wherein the primary dopant gas is He and the diluent gas is selected from a group including of CH4, CO, CO2, and CF2.

Abstract: A display device includes a first electrode and a second electrode disposed on a substrate; a first insulating layer disposed over the first electrode and the second electrode; a first bank and a second bank disposed on the first insulating layer and spaced apart from each other; and a light emitting element disposed between the first bank and the second bank. A top surface of the first bank may include a concave groove including a dam structure protruding in a first direction.

Abstract: An operating guide system of a plant utilizing coal gasification includes a performance analyzer for analyzing performance of the plant by analyzing gasifier performance and synthesis gas cooler performance during an operation of the plant; an operation guide generator for generating an operation guide indicating control values for the operation of the plant based on the performance analysis of the plant; an action guide generator for generating an action guide indicating control values for controlling the plant to prevent an abnormal situation predicted in the plant based on the performance analysis of the plant; and a fuel determiner for determining gasification suitability of an analysis target fuel selected by a user before the plant is started, the gasification suitability including basic suitability and suitability of slag behavior.

Abstract: An integrated circuit includes a sampling control circuit configured to generate a sampling enable signal by dividing a sampling period into a plurality of sub-sections according to an active counting signal generated by counting a number of inputs of an active signal during the sampling period, and comparing the active counting signal with a random signal for each sub-section; and a sampling circuit configured to sample and store an input address according to the sampling enable signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a centrifugal piston including a piston body and a weight. In a centrifugal environment, a first outer weight surface of the weight is configured to get in contact with a first inner body surface of the piston body, and a gap is formed between the first inner body surface and a recess of the weight.

Abstract: The present application relates to a method for producing biomass comprising protein and omega-3 fatty acids from single microalgae, and biomass produced thereby, the method for producing biomass according to one embodiment supplying the cultivation stage continuously with a nitrogen source to allow producing single microalgae-derived biomass having high protein and omega-3 fatty acid content, and as such, biomass produced thereby can be effectively used as the single microorganism source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids.

Abstract: An operating method of a receiving device of a communication system may comprise: receiving an identical signal from an identical transmitting device; receiving interference signals from heterogeneous transmitting devices installed at sample installation points in a base station installation target area; and setting an acceptable interference level on the basis of received signal strength indicators (RSSIs) of the interference signals.

Abstract: A rotary kiln comprises: a sintering device provided with a cylindrical rotation tube for mixing an input powder raw material while rotating in a horizontal direction; an external heating device for heating the powder raw material input into the rotation tube by heating the outside of the rotation tube; and an internal heating device for stirring and heating the powder raw material input into the rotation tube simultaneously. The internal heating device includes a microwave generation part for generating microwaves; a guide part for guiding the microwaves generated from the microwave generation part into the rotation tube; and a stirring heat generation part coupled to an inner circumferential surface of the rotation tube for stirring the powder raw material input into the rotation tube and simultaneously generating heat when absorbing the microwaves so as to heat the powder raw material.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of operating a selector device, a method of operating a nonvolatile memory apparatus to which the selector device is applied, an electronic circuit device including the selector device, and a nonvolatile memory apparatus. The method of operating the selector device controls access to a memory element, and includes providing the selector device including a switching layer and first and second electrodes disposed on both surfaces of the switching layer, which includes an insulator and a metal element, and applying a multi-step voltage pulse to the switching layer via the first and second electrodes to adjust a threshold voltage of the selector device, the multi-step voltage pulse including a threshold voltage control pulse and an operating voltage pulse. The operating voltage pulse has a magnitude for turning on the selector device, and the threshold voltage control pulse has a lower magnitude lower than the operating voltage pulse.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention discloses a camera actuator comprising: a housing; a mover disposed in the housing and including an optical member, and a drive disposed in the housing so as to drive the mover, wherein: the drive comprises a drive magnet, a drive coil placed opposite to the drive magnet, a sensor unit for sensing the position of the mover, and a substrate unit connected to the sensor unit, and a second sensor unit opposite to and connected in series to the first sensor unit.

Abstract: Provided is a treatment liquid ejection method and apparatus capable of significantly increasing productivity and quality by greatly reducing a maintenance time of a head unit, the treatment liquid ejection method including (a) obtaining test image information by test-photographing a treatment liquid test-printed by a head unit, (b) generating nozzle-specific characteristic information by using the test image information, (c) generating print file information to be printed, in consideration of the nozzle-specific characteristic information, (d) reflecting recipe information of a substrate or the head unit to prepare the print file information in an outputtable state, and (e) printing, on the substrate by the head unit, the print file information to which the recipe information is reflected.

Abstract: A display device includes: a first base layer; a second base layer on the first base layer; a pixel circuit layer on the second base layer, the pixel circuit layer including a transistor; a display element layer on the pixel circuit layer, the display element layer including a light emitting element electrically connected to the transistor; a metal layer between the first base layer and the second base layer; and a heat pipe in contact with the metal layer.

Abstract: A compound according to an embodiment is represented by Formula 1. An organic electric element includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic material layer including the compound represented by Formula 1 between the first electrode and the second electrode. The driving voltage of the organic electric element can be lowered, and the luminous efficiency and life time can be improved.

Abstract: A pixel of a display device may pre-charge a light emitting element in non-emission periods immediately before emission periods by varying a voltage level of an initialization voltage. As a result, a luminance non-uniformity phenomenon that may occur as the result of a deterioration deviation of the light emitting element may be removed or reduced.