Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a signal at a variable data rate in human body communications. The apparatus includes a header generator, a data generator, a spreader, and a multiplexer. The header generator generates header information including a data rate. The data generator generates transmission data by repeating each data bit to be transmitted 0 to several times according to the data rate. The spreader spreads the transmission data using a spreading code in a desired frequency band. The multiplexer multiplexes the header information and the spread data.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic electronic device using the compound of the formula (1) and a pyrene derivative having a new structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a powerless electronic notepad and a powerless wireless transmission system using the same, and more particularly, to a powerless electronic notepad that stores data recorded on an electronic notepad using piezoelectric elements and transmits the stored data using a passive RFID tag without the use of a power source, and a powerless wireless transmission system using the same.

Abstract: There is provided a low-power relaxation oscillator.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and a method for controlling human body contact of ground electrode, and a human body communication system using the same. The apparatus includes a resistance measuring unit for applying a predetermined voltage to a human body through a signal electrode, to measure a resistance value between the signal electrode and the ground electrode; a contact control unit for determining whether the ground electrode needs to contact the human body by using the measured resistance value, to provide control information associated with human body contact; and a contact performing unit for bringing the ground electrode into contact or out of contact with the human body according to the control information.

Abstract: A technique for simultaneously acquiring vehicle identification information and speed information of an RFID tag-attached vehicle by calculating the vehicle speed by using a Doppler shift value extracted from transmission and reception signals between the RFID tag and the RFID reader is disclosed. A method for measuring a vehicle speed by using an RFID reader installed right up on the road or at the roadside includes: transmitting a continuous wave; receiving a reflected wave with respect to the continuous wave from an RFID tag attached to a vehicle which has received the continuous wave; extracting a Doppler shift value from the continuous wave and the reflected wave; and calculating the speed of the vehicle by using the Doppler shift value.

Abstract: Provided are a human body sound transmission system and a method using single sound source. The human body sound transmission system includes a first transmission block for transmitting a combined signal of a first high frequency signal and a sound signal through a human body; and a second transmission block for transmitting a second high frequency signal having the same frequency as the first high frequency signal through the human body, to thereby recover the sound signal by destructing interference in a ear region of a user.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an organic thin film transistor which includes an organic layer comprising an organic compound facilitating the ohmic contact between a semi-conducting layer and electrodes and serving as the semi-conducting layer. The organic thin film transistor according to the present invention has excellent electric contact between the semiconductor layer and the source electrode/drain electrode, and thus can be widely used as components for electric/electronic devices. As a result, as the materials for the source electrode or the drain electrode in the organic thin film transistor, materials which are less expensive and excellent in processibility though they have a low work function as the materials can be used.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus for transmitting reference signals for measuring the phase response characteristic of a human body in human body communication, and a system and method for measuring the phase response characteristic of a human body using the same. The apparatus including: a signal generator for generating reference signals for measuring the phase response characteristic of a human body; a signal distributor for distributing the generated reference signals to a transmitting electrode and a frequency converter; the transmitting electrode for applying the reference signals distributed by the signal distributor to a human body; the frequency converter for converting the frequency of the reference signals distributed by the signal distributor into a frequency different from a frequency of a reference signal applied to the human body via the transmitting electrode; and a radio antenna for wirelessly transmitting the frequency-converted reference signal to a free space.

Abstract: Provided are a DMB receiving portable apparatus for human body communication, a DMB transmitting method thereof, and an HMD apparatus and method for DMB reception using human body communication. The digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) receiving portable apparatus for human body communication includes: a DMB receiver adapted to perform DMB Rx signal processing on a DMB signal to convert the DMB signal into an audio/video signal, and transmit to a transmission electrode an intermediate frequency (IF) band broadcast signal or a transmission stream (TS) generated in the DMB Rx signal processing; and the transmission electrode adapted to apply the IF band broadcast signal or the TS to the human body as a DMB signal for human body communication.

Abstract: An a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system using human body communication includes a first electrode pad receiving a signal of a reader transmitted through a human body, or outputting an output signal to the human body, a rectifier rectifying the signal of the reader to generate a direct current (DC) voltage, a power manager changing the DC voltage into an operation voltage, a modulator/demodulator demodulating the signal of the reader, or modulating the output signal of the tag to transfer the modulated signal to the first electrode pad, a digital controller performing a read or write operation in response to the signal of the reader demodulated by the modulator/demodulator, and a memory storing identification information of the tag and information according to an operation result of the digital controller.

Abstract: Provided is an intra-body communication system which enables high-speed data transmission while limiting the frequency band of a signal being transmitted through a human body to a frequency range (e.g., 30-40 MHz) where the human body can maintain waveguide properties and enables stable intra-body communication by minimizing interference by other users or other electronic devices. A transceiver of the intra-body communication system for high-speed data transmission includes: a source encoder for encoding source information to digital transmission data; a channel error prevention unit for inserting a redundant bit to the encoded transmission data; a mapper for symbolizing the transmission data outputted from the channel error prevention unit; a spreader for performing spread spectrum on the symbolized transmission data in a frequency domain; and a pulse shaping and modulator for generating a baseband signal with a band range limited to a frequency range where the human body retains waveguide properties.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing an organic light emitting device, an organic light emitting device manufactured by using the method, and an electronic device including the organic light emitting device. The method includes (a) forming an insulating layer on a lower electrode, (b) etching the insulating layer to form an opening ranging from an upper surface of the insulating layer to the lower electrode so that an overhang structure having a lowermost circumference that is larger than an uppermost circumference is formed, (c) forming a conductive layer on an upper surface of the lower electrode in the opening and a surface of the insulating layer other than the overhang structure, (d) forming an organic material layer on the conductive layer formed on the upper surface of the lower electrode in the opening, and (e) forming an upper electrode on an upper surface of the conductive layer disposed on the upper surface of the insulating layer and an upper surface of the organic material layer.

Abstract: There is provided a fingerprint authentication method in human body communication capable of transmitting/receiving data through the fingerprint authentication. The fingerprint authentication method in human body communications is capable of classifying data about two users, which carry about a human body communication equipment, into disclosure information, protection and security information according to a predetermined security level and allowing the two users to communicate the data through contact with the human skin in the human body communication environment using a human body as a communication medium, wherein the protection and security information each having a high protection level are transmitted/received after exchanging fingerprint information and conducting the fingerprint authentication.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of fabricating an organic light emitting device and an organic light emitting device fabricated using the same. The method comprises the steps of sequentially forming a cathode made of metal, at least one organic material layer including a light emitting layer and an anode on a substrate, and additionally comprises the step of forming a thin metal film on a native oxide layer that is spontaneously formed on the cathode before forming of the organic material layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fabrication method for an organic electronic device comprising a step of stacking sequentially a first electrode made of a metal, one or more organic material layers, and a second electrode on a substrate, wherein the method comprises the steps of: 1) forming a layer on the first electrode using a metal having a higher oxidation rate than the first electrode before forming the organic material layer, 2) treating the layer formed using a metal having a higher oxidation rate than the first electrode with oxygen plasma to form a metal oxide layer, and 3) treating the metal oxide layer with inert gas plasma to remove a native oxide layer on the first electrode, and an organic electronic device fabricated by the same method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a contact-less power supply magnetically coupled to a battery device having a receiving coil therein, for contact-less charging the battery device, the contact-less power supply having a sending coil array including a plurality of sending coils for inducing a charging power to the receiving coil; and a driving means for detecting a sending coil magnetically coupled to the receiving coil and selectively driving only the detected sending coil.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing an organic light emitting device, which comprises the steps of successively stacking a bottom electrode, an organic layer including an emission layer, and a top electrode, the method further comprising the step of: surface-treating the bottom electrode with ion beam etching before stacking the organic layer. By effectively removing impurities such as polymer materials or oxidation films, which are formed on the bottom electrode of the organic light emitting device, not only electron injection and hole injection in the organic light emitting device progress smoothly, but also an operation voltage is lowered and performance reliability can ensured because the surface roughness of the bottom electrode is maintained at the same level before and after ion milling.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wireless charger for a mobile communication terminal, which allows charging a plurality of batteries in a conveniently way without any terminal connection of the batteries to chargers for various mobile communication terminals such as a cellular phone and PDA and also allows intercepting electromagnetic waves while the charger is used, by means of Faraday's law. The wireless charger of the present invention includes a charger body having an electromagnetic wave intercepting means; a charging pad received in the charger body; and at least one battery that is to be charged by means of induced electromotive force generated by the charging pad, wherein the charger body includes a power supply means, a housing having a receiver for receiving the charging pad and connected to the power supply means, and a cover hinged to the housing.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for performing both FHT (Fast Hadamard Transform) and FFT (Fast Fourier Transform). This apparatus determines the phase coefficients as constantly “1” when performing the FHT, and changes the input order of input data to a reverse order of bits when performing the FFT. In addition, the apparatus, which can process a plurality of input data sets simultaneously, classifies the received signals into multi-path signals and multi-antenna signals, thus processing the multi-path signals separately from the multi-antenna signals, or directly processes multi-antenna signals.